브리넬 경도 표준 시험기 및 압입자국 자동 측정 장치의 장기 안정도 평가와 최적 시험조건에 관한 연구

황농문,방건웅,탁내형 한국열처리공학회 2000 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.13 No.1

Evaluation of long term stability of the Brinell standard hardness tester was carried out to secure its application as a national standard in Brinell hardness. Accuracy and repeatability in load application were tested through evaluating errors in hardness measurement of certified reference blocks. All of those requirements in KS as well as ISO specifications were satisfied by this standard hardness tester. In addition to this, long term stability test of automatic indentation measurement system was carried out. The scattering range was almost the same with its error range. To figure out an optimum test condition for better repeatability and long term stability, the effect of load variation, load application speed and time have been studied using orthogonal array experimental plan. It was found that the best combination is 30㎛/s of load application speed and 25 seconds of load application time.

한국산업표준(KS)에 따른 로크웰 경도 시험기의 불확도 산정에 관한 연구

탁내형,방건웅 한국열처리공학회 2000 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.13 No.3

Recently, uncertainty of hardeness became a major concern for the people working on the laboratory evaluation and accreditation. It is required to indicate uncertainty of hardness tester on the report after calibration. In addition to this, uncertainty of certified hardness reference block is also required to indicate on the certification sheet. Method on the evaluation of uncertainty in hardness measurement is agreed only recently for Rockwell hardness C scale. In this paper, a preliminary calculation of uncertainty based on type B evaluation has been made for hardness testers which satisfies the requirements of Korean Standards. It was found that the tolerance limit of mean value specified in KS should be increased to be compatible with the calculated uncertainty.

브리넬 경도 표준 시험기 및 압입 자국 자동 측정장치의 특성 평가에 대한 연구

방건웅,탁내형 한국열처리공학회 1999 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.12 No.4

Evaluation of Brinell standard hardness tester was carried out to secure its application as a national standard for Brinell hardness. Accuracies and reliabilities in load application, indenter diameter and indentation measurement were tested through evaluation of these components. The accuracies of load application for various loading conditions were within the limit of ISO and KS specifications. Errors in the indentation measurement due to the difference in personnel characters were successfully removed by utilising automatic indentation measurement system. In overall. the tester and the indentation measuring system were found to be eligible as a national standard of Brinell hardness.

고전문학 : 우탁 시조 작품의 창작 맥락과 함의

임주탁 ( Ju Tak Yim ) 배달말학회 2015 배달말 Vol.56 No.-

이 연구는 우탁(1262-1342) 시조 작품의 창작 맥락을 추론하여 창작 의도 를 새로이 해석한 것이다. 우탁의 시조 작품을 3편으로 비정한 다음, 3편의 작품이 다루고 있는 늙음의 문제를 인간이면 누구나 사유하는 상으로 환 원하여 접근했던 방법을 지양하고 작가의 정치적 행보와의 연관성 속에서 창작 맥락을 추론하는 방법을 적용하다. 언어 텍스트 분석을 통해 세 작품 이 사뭇 다른 정서를 아울러 함축하고 있으면서도 상호 연관성을 지니고 있 음을 확인하고, 우탁의 정치적 행보에서 각 작품에 함축된 정서를 가졌을 법한 시기를 추정하다. 그 결과 실제로 늙음의 문제가 보편적 사유의 상 이 아니라 우탁이 자신의 정치적 행보의 결정에 매우 중요하게 고려하던 문제음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 자기의 정치적 행보를 결정하고 그 결정에 한 타자의 공감이 필요할 때마다 시조 작품을 통해 사회적 소통을 시도하음을 추론해 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 확인과 추론을 바탕으로 3편의 작품에 함축된 작가의 창작 의도를 새로이 해석했다. 첫째, 시조 <훈 손에>는 “한 손에 도끼들 들고 한 손에 상소를 들고” 충선왕의 폐행을 극간(極諫)했던 우탁이 늙음을 명분으로 내세 워 관직에서 물러나고 또 충숙왕의 재소환에도 응하지 않은 정치적 행보를 합리화하려는 의도를 함축하고 있다. 젊은 시절의 행동에 한 자기 패러디 를 통해 극명하게 비되는 늙은 시절의 무기력한 모습을 자기 패러디를 통 해 우스꽝스럽게 표현함으로써 자신의 정치적 행보를 합리화하는 의도에서 창작되었다는 것이다. 둘째, 시조 <춘산(春山)에>는 연로(年老)를 관직에 나 가지 않는 명분이라고 천명했던 우탁이 다시 관직에 나가고자 결심했던 시 기에 사회적으로 소통하는 차원에서 창작되었다. 이전과는 상반되는 자신의 정치적 행보를 합리화하고 그 선택에 해 타자들도 공감할 수 있도록 하는 의도에서 창작되었다는 것이다. 셋째, 시조 <늙지>는 시조 <춘산(春山)에> 에서 나타낸 자신의 의지 표명에 한 자기 패러디를 통해 늘그막에 의리지 학의 실천을 추구했던 정치적 행보가 실제적으로 부적절한 판단이었음을 솔 직히 인정하고 젊은이들에게 부끄러운 태도를 드러냄으로써 자기 합리화를 꾀하는 의도를 함축하고 있다. 이러한 해석 결과는 작가 문제를 확정적으로 해결할 만큼 관련 정보가 충 분하지 않고 우탁의 행적이 연기적으로 온전하게 복원할 만한 정보가 충 분하지 않아 상당한 전제를 안고 있기는 하지만 작가 문제와 우탁의 연기 적 행적에 한 논의가 실상에 다가가는 데 기여할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 3편의 시조 작품에서 다루고 있는 늙음의 문제가 인간 보편의 사유 상이 아니라 우탁에게 각별한 의미를 가지는 문제이었음과, 3편의 시조 작품의 함의가 우탁이라는 인물의 정치적 행보와의 관련 속에서 유기적으로 해석될 수 있음을 확인함으로써 작품에 한 논의를 확대·심화하는 데 기여할 것이다. The purpose of this study was to provide new insights into the life of U Tak (1262-1342) by interpreting the context in which he wrote his Sijo works. Three works were selected which linked the issue of aging and U Tak’s political life and actions. The first poem “ Han Sone Gasi Deulgo ” (Taking a thorn in one hand), a self-parody, implies U-Tak’s intention to rationalize his early retirement from political office. He once had been faithfully devoted to King Chungseon, “holding an ax in one hand and an appeal in the other hand” but he resigned from his government service by declining the next King’s request for reinstatement on the basis of his old age. The second poem “ C h u n s a n e N u n N o g i n e u n B a r a m ” (The wind melting snow of mountains in the spring) restates U-Tak ’s reason of old age for not reentering into government service however it also implies he later changed his mind and wanted to return to his position but by that time he was too old. The third poem “ N e u l kji M a l r e o i g o ” (Trying not to get older) contains U Tak’s admission that practicing Neo-Confucianism was not appropriate and expresses a sense of guilt through self-parody in “ C h u n s a n e N u n N o g i n e u n Baram ”. Based on the text analysis, the author expresses different feelings at different stages in his political life and it is possible to assume that U-Tak tried to communicate with readers in the form of poetry when he needed some social sympathy to justify his political actions. Although this study does not provide sufficient evidence to accurately plot U Tak’s life chronologically it does provide a new interpretation of his writing through his issues surrounding aging. This study also provides contributions to the literary discussion by interpreting these three poems in more multilateral view in the way of connecting the undertones with the author’s political actions.

「국민건강보험법」상 의사결정구조의 문제와 개선방안

권오탁(Kwon, Oh?Tak) 한국사회보장법학회 2016 사회보장법학 Vol.5 No.1

현행 「국민건강보험법」 제4조에 의한 건강보험정책심의위원회는 요양급여 기준과 보험료율 그리고 상대가치 점수와 약제 · 치료재료별 요양급여비용, 그리고 부가급여와 가입자의 적용부분에 이르기까지 실질적으로 보험사업의 모든 주요 사항을 결정하고 있다. 국민의 건강보장이라는 헌법적 요청을 성실히 수행하는 방법으로 보험을 선택했음에도 불구하고 그 구체적이고 중요한 사안을 보험자가 아닌 건강보험정책심의위원회가 결정함으로써 사업운영에 대한 책임이 모호해진다. 따라서 건강보험 사업의 주체 간 역할을 명확히 하고 그 기능에 맞는 권한과 책임을 부여하여 보다 충실한 국민 건강보장이 이뤄질 수 있는 체계로의 개편이 필요하다. 정부는 건강보험 사업에 대한 정책을 수립함으로써 향후 건강보험 사업에 대한 예측이 가능하도록 해야 할 것이다. 그리고 그 과정에서 발생되는 문제해결을 위한 조정자의 역할을 수행하고 건강보험 사업이 국민의 건강보장을 위한 제도로 적절하게 운영될 수 있도록 해야 한다. 보험자는 가입자의 의료비 충격을 최소화하기 위해 보험재정 운영의 기술적인 문제를 해결하는 전문가의 역할을 수행해야 한다. 따라서 보험재정 운영에 대한 권한을 부여하고 그에 따른 책임을 져야 한다. 국민건강보험정책심의위원회는 정부의 건강보험 사업을 심의하고 자문하고 건강보험 제도의 발전과 방향, 그리고 원칙에 대한 사회적 논의를 기반으로 구체적인 제도개선 과제들에 대한 전략을 도출하는 기능으로 변경되어야 한다. Under Article 4 of the current National Health Insurance Act, the “Health Insurance Policy Deliberative Committee” is responsible for making all major decisions related to Medical Care Benefit Standards and Insurance Premium Rates, including the determination of the Resource-Based Relative Value Scale, Drug and Medical Supply Benefit Prices, Additional Benefits, and Application for Insurance Coverage. One issue that arises is that this responsibility can become obscured through the operations it carries out in fulfilling its legally mandated duty to ensure the health protection of the public. As a result, it is necessary to reform the current system in order to ensure the health security of the public. This reform should assign clear roles and functions to each of the main actors involved and give each of them authority and responsibility over the respective functions. The government should, by establishing health insurance-related policies, make it possible to predict future health insurance-related activities. The government should also function as a mediator in this process, ensuring that the health insurance service operates appropriately in order to ensure national health security. The insurer should function as technical expert who can solve problems related to the management of insurance financing in order to minimize the impact of medical expenditure of the insured. It follows that the authority of managing health insurance financing should be granted to insurer. The Health Insurance Policy Deliberative Committee’s functions should be changed. Its functions should be to deliberate and provide counsel about the development and future directions of the national health insurance system’s activities, drawing upon current social discussions, in the development of a basic fundamental system.

The Evolving Policy Debate on Border Closure in Korea

Su-Jin Kang,Jihyun Moon,Heewon Kang,Heekyoung Nam,Sangwoo Tak,Sung-Il Cho 대한예방의학회 2020 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.53 No.5

302 Copyright © 2020 The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine J Prev Med Public Health 2020;53:302-306 • https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.213 The Evolving Policy Debate on Border Closure in Korea SuJin Kang1, Jihyun Moon2, Heewon Kang1, Heekyoung Nam3, Sangwoo Tak1, Sung-il Cho1,3 1Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; 2Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea; 3Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Brief Report Objectives: In this paper, we aimed to investigate the evolving debate over border closure in Korea during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, to address the main themes associated with border closure, and to discuss the factors that need to be considered when making such decisions. Methods: We collated and reviewed previously conducted review studies on border closures during infectious disease outbreaks to derive relevant themes and factors. Results: According to our systematic review on border closures and travel restrictions, the effects of such containment efforts are limited. We suggest considering the following factors when determining whether to impose border closure measures: (1) disease characteristics, (2) timeliness of implementation, (3) transmission delay and the basic reproduction number, (4) globalization and pandemics, and (5) social and economic costs. Conclusions: Our assessment indicates that the effects of border closures are at best temporary and limited. Alternative measures must be contemplated and implemented to suppress the spread of COVID-19 in particular and infectious diseases more broadly.

Biochemical Characteristics and Antimicrobials Susceptibility of Salmonella gallinarum Isolated in Korea

Ki-seuk Kim,Young-ju Lee,Yong-kuk Kwon,Ryun-bin Tak 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Characteristics and Antimicrobials Susceptibility of Salmonella gallinarum Isolated in KoreaYoung-ju Lee, Ki-seuk Kim1,*, Yong-kuk Kwon and Ryun-bin Tak1Avian Disease Division, National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Anyang 430-824, Korea1College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, KoreaReceived February 13, 2003 / Accepted April 30, 2003J. Vet. Sci. (2003), 4(2), 161-166JOURNAL OFVeterinaryScience*Corresponding author: Ki-seuk Kim College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea Tel: 82-53-950-5962, Fax: 82-53-950-5955 E-mail: kimkiseuk@knu.ac.kr

Diprosopus, craniorachischisis, arthrogryposis, and other associated anomalies in a stillborn lamb

Cihan Kaçar,İsmet Takçı,Kutlay Gürbulak,Hasan Özen,Musa Karaman,Kadir Özcan 대한수의학회 2008 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.9 No.4

Congenital malformations with multiple anomalies have been described infrequently in the veterinary literature. A stillborn male crossbred lamb with diprosopus, craniorachischisis, and arthrogryposis was examined macroscopically and histopathologically in this study. The left head was smaller than the right head. Micrencephaly, agnathia, and a rudimentary tongue, which was adherent to the palate, were present in the left head. Micrencephaly, brachygnathia superior, and cleft palate were present in the right head. Cerebellar agenesis and spinal cord hypoplasia were observed. The cerebrums and the spinal cord were covered with a tapering membranous structure. Neural and dermal tissues were noted to intervene upon microscopic examination of this structure. Disorganization of neurons was observed in both cerebrums, though it was more severe in the left one. This case demonstrates many congenital defects occurring together in a lamb.

Learning the Communication Signals of Insects and How to Talk Back

Z. Jumean,M. Hart,S. Takács,J. P. Lafontaine,G. J. R. Judd,R. Gries,G. Gries 한국응용곤충학회 2005 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.05

Electron beam treatment for eliminating the antimicrobial activity of piperacillin in wastewater matrix

László Szabó,Orsolya Gyenes,Júlia Szabó,Krisztina Kovács,András Kovács,Gabriella Kiskó,Ágnes Belák,Csilla Mohácsi-Farkas,Erzsébet Takács,László Wojnárovits 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.58 No.-

Effluents of wastewater treatment plants represent critical control points for antibiotic resistancemanagement. To meet strict regulations coming into effect in the future advanced technologies need tobe implemented that can remove the factors contributing to the development of resistance in receivingnatural environments. By performing microbiological assays we show that electron beam treatment of acomplex synthetic effluent wastewater matrix is able to eliminate one of these factors, the antimicrobialactivity of the b-lactam antibiotic piperacillin present at environmentally relevant concentration. SinceOH governs the antibacterial inactivation the technology needs to be designed to the stoichiometricpresence of OH.