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Eucalyptus: phytochemical composition, extraction methods and food and medicinal applications
Surbhi,Ashwani Kumar,Sarabjit Singh,Pooja Kumari,Prasad Rasane 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.2
Eucalyptus is a large tree belonging to the family Myrtaceae. It is a tree of multiple uses and benefits. The essential oil extracted from its leaves, branch tips and fruits is rich in phytochemicals like eucalyptol, 1,8-cineole, limonene, citronellal, citral, eudesmol, α and β-pinene, p-cymene, terpinen-4-ol, terpineol, α–phellanderene and 9β-sitosterol etc. These compounds can be extracted by various methods like solvent extraction method, hydro-distillation and supercritical fluid extraction. The essential oil from the eucalyptus possesses anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal, antioxidant, antimalarial, analgesic, antiseptic, anti-diabetic, anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties. The historical records of the food and medicinal applications of eucalyptus are available and the recent studies on its phytochemical composition further strengthen its claim for application in the modern food and pharmaceutical industry.
Dentin Hypersensitivity: Etiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Recent Trends in Management
Surbhi Agarwal 대한예방치과학회 2019 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.15 No.2
Dentin hypersensitivity is dental pain which is sharp in nature and persist for short duration, a comes from exposed dentin surfaces in response to stimuli, mainly thermal, tactile, osmotic, chemical or electrical. The main cause of sensitivity is receding gums with exposure of root surfaces, loss of the cementum layer and smear layer, and tooth wear. Theoretically noticed, the reported incidence is usually higher than when clinical examination is used. Overall, it is estimated to affect about 20% of the general population to some degree. The diagnosis of dentin hypersensitivity may be challenging. It is a diagnosis of exclusion, reached once all other possible explanations for the pain have been ruled out. There is no universally accepted, gold-standard treatment which reliably relieves the pain of dental hypersensitivity in the long term, and consequently many treatments have been suggested which have varying degrees of efficacy when scientifically studied. Generally, they can be divided into in-office, or treatments which can be carried out at home, available over-the-counter or by prescription. Non-invasive, simple treatments which can be carried out at home should be attempted before in-office procedures are carried out.
( Surbhi Aggarwal ),( Vineet Ahuja ),( Jaishree Paul ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2018 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.24 No.3
Background/Aims Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a prevalent functional bowel disorder. Abdominal pain, discomfort and altered intestinal habits are the salient features of IBS-D. Low grade inflammation and altered neurotransmitters are the 2 recently identified factors contributing to the pathogenesis of IBS-D, but their role and interactions has not been elucidated in detail. Here we investigate the potential role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in regulating gut inflammation during IBS-D. Methods Blood samples and colonic mucosal biopsies from clinically diagnosed IBS-D patients and controls were collected. Levels of GABA were measured in serum samples through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of GABAergic system and proinflammatory cytokines were analyzed in biopsy samples by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Effect of GABA and its antagonist on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated HT-29 cells was examined through RT-PCR. Results ELISA data revealed diminished level of GABA in IBS-D patients as compared to controls. RT-PCR analysis showed altered GABAergic signal system in IBS-D patients as compared to controls. GABA reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in LPS stimulated HT-29 cells, whereas bicuculline methiodide (GABA antagonist) upregulated the expression of same cytokines in LPS stimulated HT-29 cells. Conclusions Our sets of data indicate that diminished level of GABA and altered GABAergic signal system contributes to pathogenesis of IBS-D by regulating inflammatory processes. These results provide novel evidence for anti-inflammatory role of GABA in IBS-D patients by altering the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;24:422-430)
An Optimised Fuzzy Approach to Remove Mixed Noise from Images
Sweety Deswal,Surbhi Singhania,Shailender Gupta,Pranjal Garg 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.4
Mixed noises can be defined as a combination of different types of noises acting on a single carrier. There has been a mention of various mechanisms used to restore images corrupted with mixed noise in the past. This paper proposes a simple method based on fuzzy set theory and Bilateral Filter to remove mixed noises and compares it with previously mentioned techniques such as: Vector Median Filter(VMF), Vector Direction Filter (VDF), Fuzzy Peer Group Averaging (FPGA), Fuzzy Vector Median Filter (FVMF), Bilateral Filter (BF), Adaptive Bilateral Filter (ABF), Switching Bilateral Filter (SBF), Joint Bilateral Filter (JBF), and Trilateral Filter (TF) on the basis of performance metrics such as Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Square Error (MSE) and Normalised Colour Difference (NCD). For the purpose of a detailed analysis, the performance of each method is evaluated by varying the image size and the noise density by implementing them in MATLAB-09. The mixed noise used in this paper is a combination of three noise i.e. poisson, impulse and Gaussian noise. The simulation and result shows that the proposed method provides better PSNR and hence better image quality than almost all the methods mentioned above.
STUDY OF ROTATIONAL BAND STRUCTURE OF EVEN-EVEN 132;134SM NUCLEI
ARUN GUPTA,SURBHI GUPTA,SIMI GUPTA,SURAM SINGH,ARUN BHARTI 장전수학회 2021 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.24 No.4
The study of neutron-decient nuclei in the A130 mass region has been an interesting subject in nuclear structure physics as this region is considered to be transitional region. In the present work, the positive parity rotational band structure of even-even 132,134Sm up to the high spin states has been studied in a microscopic frame work of calculations known as Projected Shell Model (PSM). Yrast spectra for 132,134Sm have been obtained from the PSM calculations and has been found to be in good agreement with the available experimental data. Besides this, the present calculations have also reported the occurrence of back bending at the same spins at which experimental data shows in both the nuclei.
( Niharika Jain ),( Surbhi Goyal ),( Puja Sakhuja ),( Sundeep Saluja ) 대한소화기학회 2021 대한소화기학회지 Vol.78 No.3
Schmincke described lymphoepithelioma as an undifferentiated carcinoma with abundant lymphoid stroma in the nasopharynx. Tumors with a similar histomorphology in extrapharyngeal areas have been referred to as lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC). The association of an Ebstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection with lymphoepithelioma is well established in the nasopharynx but not so well at the extrapharyngeal sites. Only four cases of LELC have been reported in the gall bladder, of which all were negative for the EBV. This paper reports the first case of an EBV-associated mixed gall bladder carcinoma exhibiting a distinct phenotype of LELC and adenocarcinoma with mucinous differentiation. The EBV was confirmed by the strong granular membranous and cytoplasmic expression of LMP-1 (latent membrane protein-1) on immunohistochemistry and nuclear EBER RNA on chromogen in-situ hybridization in the tumor. This is the first case of LELC positive for EBV in the gall bladder. LELC has a more favorable prognosis than conventional adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma, irrespective of the site. Although a higher T stage and nodal metastasis were exceptional in the present case in contrast to the previous cases, the EBV-associated lymphocytic response might limit the disease spread and confer better overall survival and prognosis in these patients. Nevertheless, more prospective studies with a larger cohort will be needed to understand the pathogenesis, biological behavior, and prognosis of this rare entity. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2021;78:188-194)
Anjana Solanki,Jaya Shrivastava,Sumant Upadhyay,Surbhi Choudhary,Vidhika Sharma,Poonam Sharma,Pushpendra Kumar,Praveen Kumar,Sheryl Ehrman,Vibha R. Satsangi,Rohit Shrivastav,Sahab Dass 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.2
The effects of high electronic energy deposition on the structure, surface topography, optical property and photoelectrochemical behavior of barium titanate thin (BaTiO3) films have been investigated by irradiating films with 120 MeV Ag9+ ions at different ion fluences in the range of 1 x 1011-3 x 1012 ions cm-2. Barium titanate thin films were deposited on indium tin oxide-coated glass substrate by solegel spin coating method. The structure of the film was crystalline with tetragonal phase. Surface topography was studied by atomic force microscopy detailing the values of roughness of the films. Maximum photocurrent density of 1.78 mA cm-2 at 0.4 V/SCE and applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE) of 0.91% was observed for BaTiO3 film irradiated at 1 x 1011 ions cm-2.