Prognostic factors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with bone metastases

Sungmin Kim,Youngmin Choi,Dong-Won Kwak,Hyung Sik Lee,Won-Joo Hur,Yang Hyun Baek,Sung Wook Lee 대한방사선종양학회 2019 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.37 No.3

Purpose: To identify the prognostic factors that could influence survival and to compare prognoses of the patients with the number of the risk factors that might assist in the adequate management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with bone metastases that showed a heterogeneous range of survival. Materials and Methods: A total of 41 patients, treated with radiotherapy (RT) for bone metastases from HCC from 2014 to 2017, were enrolled retrospectively. Survival was determined by the Kaplan–Meier method from the start of the RT for metastatic bone lesions. Pre-RT clinical features were evaluated and their influences on survival were analyzed. The significant factors were considered to compare survivals according to the number of prognostic factors. Results: Median follow-up was 6.0 months (range, 0.5 to 47.0 months). The median overall survival was 6.5 months, and the 1-year and 2-year survival rates were 35.5% and 13.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the Child-Pugh class A group, alpha-fetoprotein increased more than 30 ng/mL, and HCC size of more than 5 cm were associated with worse overall survival. The median survivals in HCC with none, 1, 2, and 3 of the aforementioned risk factors were 19.5, 9.0, 2.5, and 1.0 months, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results show that the overall survivals were significantly different according to the number of the risk factors among HCC patients with bone metastases who showed various lengths of survival.

Prognostic factors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with bone metastases

Kim, Sungmin,Choi, Youngmin,Kwak, Dong-Won,Lee, Hyung Sik,Hur, Won-Joo,Baek, Yang Hyun,Lee, Sung Wook The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2019 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.37 No.3

Purpose: To identify the prognostic factors that could influence survival and to compare prognoses of the patients with the number of the risk factors that might assist in the adequate management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with bone metastases that showed a heterogeneous range of survival. Materials and Methods: A total of 41 patients, treated with radiotherapy (RT) for bone metastases from HCC from 2014 to 2017, were enrolled retrospectively. Survival was determined by the Kaplan-Meier method from the start of the RT for metastatic bone lesions. Pre-RT clinical features were evaluated and their influences on survival were analyzed. The significant factors were considered to compare survivals according to the number of prognostic factors. Results: Median follow-up was 6.0 months (range, 0.5 to 47.0 months). The median overall survival was 6.5 months, and the 1-year and 2-year survival rates were 35.5% and 13.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the Child-Pugh class A group, alpha-fetoprotein increased more than 30 ng/mL, and HCC size of more than 5 cm were associated with worse overall survival. The median survivals in HCC with none, 1, 2, and 3 of the aforementioned risk factors were 19.5, 9.0, 2.5, and 1.0 months, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results show that the overall survivals were significantly different according to the number of the risk factors among HCC patients with bone metastases who showed various lengths of survival.

Wavelength Interrogation System for Quasi-Distributed Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature Sensors Based on a 50-GHz Array Waveguide Grating

Moon, Hyung-Myung,Kwak, Seung-Chan,Im, Kiegon,Kim, Jin-Bong,Kim, Sungmin IEEE 2019 IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL Vol.19 No.7

<P>We present a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) interrogation system equipped with a 50-GHz, 96-channel array waveguide grating (AWG), which was developed for temperature measurement. We have studied the linearity of the FBG-AWG system, in which the Bragg wavelength of one FBG was shifted over several AWG channels. We investigated the dependence of the linearity both on the FBG bandwidth and on the spectrum restoring algorithm. Packaging of FBG using epoxy-resin was tested in the range of −25 °C ~ 85 °C in order to increase the temperature sensitivity. A standard deviation error of 7 pm or 0.2 °C was obtained for 0.3 nm bandwidth epoxy-packaged FBG.</P>

저전력 모바일 장치를 위한 TCP 헤더 압축 기술

김성민(Sungmin Kim),신용재(Yongjae Shin),노재연(Jae Yeon No),한경식,김문기,유재황,김형석(Hyung Seok Kim) 한국통신학회 2010 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.2

Searching method through biased random walks on complex networks.

Lee, Sungmin,Yook, Soon-Hyung,Kim, Yup Published by the American Physical Society through 2009 Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and so Vol.80 No.1

<P>Information search is closely related to the first-passage property of diffusing particle. The physical properties of diffusing particle is affected by the topological structure of the underlying network. Thus, the interplay between dynamical process and network topology is important to study information search on complex networks. Designing an efficient method has been one of main interests in information search. Both reducing the network traffic and decreasing the searching time have been two essential factors for designing efficient method. Here we propose an efficient method based on biased random walks. Numerical simulations show that the average searching time of the suggested model is more efficient than other well-known models. For a practical interest, we demonstrate how the suggested model can be applied to the peer-to-peer system.</P>

The Diagnostic Performance of the Length of Tumor Capsular Contact on MRI for Detecting Prostate Cancer Extraprostatic Extension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kim Tae-Hyung,Woo Sungmin,Han Sangwon,Suh Chong Hyun,Ghafoor Soleen,Hricak Hedvig,Vargas Hebert Alberto 대한영상의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.21 No.6

Objective: The purpose was to review the diagnostic performance of the length of tumor capsular contact (LCC) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting prostate cancer extraprostatic extension (EPE). Materials and Methods: PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched up to March 24, 2019. We included diagnostic accuracy studies that evaluated LCC on MRI for EPE detection using radical prostatectomy specimen histopathology as the reference standard. Quality of studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. Sensitivity and specificity were pooled and graphically presented using hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) plots. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore heterogeneity. Results: Thirteen articles with 2136 patients were included. Study quality was generally good. Summary sensitivity and specificity were 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73–0.83) and 0.67 (95% CI 0.60–0.74), respectively. Area under the HSROC was 0.81 (95% CI 0.77–0.84). Substantial heterogeneity was present among the included studies according to Cochran’s Q-test (p < 0.01) and Higgins I2 (62% and 86% for sensitivity and specificity, respectively). In terms of heterogeneity, measurement method (curvilinear vs. linear), prevalence of Gleason score ≥ 7, MRI readers’ experience, and endorectal coils were significant factors (p ≤ 0.01), whereas method to determine the LCC threshold, cutoff value, magnet strength, and publication year were not (p = 0.14–0.93). Diagnostic test accuracy estimates were comparable across all assessed MRI sequences. Conclusion: Greater LCC on MRI is associated with a higher probability of prostate cancer EPE. Due to heterogeneity among the studies, further investigation is needed to establish the optimal cutoff value for each clinical setting.

Maximum diameter versus volumetric assessment for the response evaluation of vestibular schwannomas receiving stereotactic radiotherapy

Youngmin Choi,Sungmin Kim,Dong-Won Kwak,Hyung-Sik Lee,Myung-Koo Kang,Dong-Kun Lee,Won-Joo Hur 대한방사선종양학회 2018 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.36 No.2

Purpose: To explore the feasibility of maximum diameter as a response assessment method for vestibular schwannomas (VS) after stereotactic radiosurgery or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (RT), we analyzed the concordance of RT responses between maximum diameters and volumetric measurements. Materials and Methods: Forty-two patients receiving curative stereotactic radiosurgery or fractionated stereotactic RT for VS were analyzed retrospectively. Twelve patients were excluded: 4 did not receive follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and 8 had initial MRI scans with a slice thickness >3 mm. The maximum diameter, tumor volume (TV), and enhanced tumor volume (ETV) were measured in each MRI study. The percent change after RT was evaluated according to the measurement methods and their concordances were calculated with the Pearson correlation. The response classifications were determined by the assessment modalities, and their agreement was analyzed with Cohen kappa statistics. Results: Median follow-up was 31.0 months (range, 3.5 to 86.5 months), and 90 follow-up MRI studies were analyzed. The percent change of maximum diameter correlated strongly with TV and ETV (r(p) = 0.85, 0.63, p = 0.000, respectively). Concordance of responses between the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) using the maximum diameters and either TV or ETV were moderate (kappa = 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.85) or fair (kappa = 0.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.05-0.59), respectively. Conclusions: The percent changes in maximum diameter and the responses in RECIST were significantly concordant with those in the volumetric measurements. Therefore, the maximum diameters can be used for the response evaluation of VS following stereotactic RT.

Maximum diameter versus volumetric assessment for the response evaluation of vestibular schwannomas receiving stereotactic radiotherapy

Choi, Youngmin,Kim, Sungmin,Kwak, Dong-Won,Lee, Hyung-Sik,Kang, Myung-Koo,Lee, Dong-Kun,Hur, Won-Joo The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2018 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.36 No.2

Purpose: To explore the feasibility of maximum diameter as a response assessment method for vestibular schwannomas (VS) after stereotactic radiosurgery or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (RT), we analyzed the concordance of RT responses between maximum diameters and volumetric measurements. Materials and Methods: Forty-two patients receiving curative stereotactic radiosurgery or fractionated stereotactic RT for VS were analyzed retrospectively. Twelve patients were excluded: 4 did not receive follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and 8 had initial MRI scans with a slice thickness >3 mm. The maximum diameter, tumor volume (TV), and enhanced tumor volume (ETV) were measured in each MRI study. The percent change after RT was evaluated according to the measurement methods and their concordances were calculated with the Pearson correlation. The response classifications were determined by the assessment modalities, and their agreement was analyzed with Cohen kappa statistics. Results: Median follow-up was 31.0 months (range, 3.5 to 86.5 months), and 90 follow-up MRI studies were analyzed. The percent change of maximum diameter correlated strongly with TV and ETV (r(p) = 0.85, 0.63, p = 0.000, respectively). Concordance of responses between the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) using the maximum diameters and either TV or ETV were moderate (kappa = 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.85) or fair (kappa = 0.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.05-0.59), respectively. Conclusions: The percent changes in maximum diameter and the responses in RECIST were significantly concordant with those in the volumetric measurements. Therefore, the maximum diameters can be used for the response evaluation of VS following stereotactic RT.

만성폐쇄각녹내장 환자에서 백내장 단독수술의 효과

김연희,형성민,Younhui Kim,Sungmin Hyung,Ph,D 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.4

Purpose: To investigate the effects of cataract extraction in chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG) patients. Methods: Sixteen eyes from 14 patients with CACG underwent phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCL) implantation (group A), and 19 eyes from 17 patients with CACG underwent cataract surgery and additional trabeculectomy (combined surgery, group B) were evaluated for visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), number of glaucoma medications and surgical complications. All patients had patent peripheral iridotomy holes before cataract surgery, and a minimum 6 month follow-up period was needed. Results: The mean postoperative follow-up period was 15.6 months in group A, and 21.7 months in group B. After surgery, the IOP was significantly reduced in both groups [from 16.1 mmHg to 13.8 mmHg in group A (P=0.013), and from 16.7 mmHg to 13.2 mmHg in group B (P=0.005)], but the amount of IOP reduction was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.401). The relative decrease in the mean number of postoperative glaucoma medications was 0.9 in group A and 1.8 in group B, but these were not significantly different (P=0.060). Conclusions: Simple cataract surgery was effective in reducing IOP as much as combined surgery in CACG patients. These results affirm that phacoemusification with PCL implantation may be considered as the first treatment in cataract and CACG patients.

Feasibility of Interstitial CT Lymphography Using Optimized Iodized Oil Emulsion in Rats

Chung, Yong Eun,Hyung, Woo Jin,Kweon, Soonjae,Lim, Soo-Jeong,Choi, Junjeong,Lee, Myun Hee,Kim, Hoguen,Myoung, Sungmin,Lim, Joon Seok Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2010 Vol. No.

OBJECTIVES:: To formulate an iodine-based contrast agent with an oil-in-water emulsion and to evaluate the feasibility of the agent for use as an interstitial computed tomographic (CT) lymphographic agent in a normal rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: The effect of iodized oil (lipiodol) content and the type of surfactant/cosurfactant on the resultant emulsion size and polydispersity was investigated to obtain an optimized lipiodol emulsion for CT lymphography. Optimized emulsions (144 mg/mL) were injected in the hind paws of 6 rats, using 0.5 mL per paw. As control groups, iopamidol solution and lipiodol diluted with squalene to adjust the injection volume with iodine concentration equivalent to the emulsions were used. Precontrast and postcontrast CT images up to 1 week after contrast agent injection were obtained. Time-enhancement curves of the popliteal lymph nodes were obtained. Analysis of variance and post hoc analysis with the Dunn procedure were used for comparing mean peak enhancement, time to peak enhancement, and sustained duration of contrast enhancement. RESULTS:: Optimized emulsion formulations composed of 30% lipiodol and 282 mg/mL of 9:1 surfactant mixture (Tween 80:TPGS [alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate], Tween 80:Kollidon 12 PF, or Tween 80:Span 85) exhibited mean particle size less than 120 nm, and they were stable without significant particle size change up to 1 month. Targeted lymph nodes in all emulsion groups showed continuously increasing enhancement until 4 or 8 hours after injection, followed by continuous washout. Peak enhancement (time to peak enhancement) was 172.4 ± 54.5 HU (Hounsfield unit) (384.0 ± 131.5 minutes) for Tween 80:TPGS; 172.8 ± 28.0 HU (432.0 ± 107.3 minutes) for Tween 80:Kollidon 12 PF, and 177.2 ± 68.9 HU (294.0 ± 190.2 minutes) for Tween 80:Span 85. For iopamidol, peak enhancement of 153.0 ± 46.1 HU (0.5 ± 0.5 minutes) occurred early with rapid washout. For lipiodol as a reference agent, contrast enhancement continuously increased even 1 week after injection without washout (peak enhancement, 486.0 ± 97.4 HU). Peak enhancement among the emulsion groups and the iopamidol group was not statistically different (P = 0.95). All emulsion groups showed more prolonged enhancement than the iopamidol group; enhancement duration for the emulsion groups was 534.0 ± 481.1 minutes for Tween 80:TPGS; 957.0 ± 524.8 minutes for Tween 80:Kollidon 12 PF; and 750.0 ± 566.0 minutes for Tween 80:Span 85, and enhancement duration for iopamidol was 8.2 ± 12.3 minutes (all P < 0.05 in multiple comparisons). However, there was no significant difference in enhancement duration among the 3 emulsion groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:: Iodized oil emulsion made with a surfactant mixture (Tween 80 as the main surfactant and TPGS, Kollidon 12 PF, or Span 85 as the cosurfactant) provided sufficient and sustained contrast enhancement on CT of targeted lymph nodes with washout on delayed phase.