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Kim, Soo-Yeon,Kim, Eun-Kyung,Moon, Hee Jung,Yoon, Jung Hyun,Koo, Ja Seung,Kim, Sungheon Gene,Kim, Min Jung Elsevier 2018 Magnetic resonance imaging Vol.54 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>To determine whether T2 signal intensity, necrosis, and ADC values are associated with Ki-67 in patients with Estrogen Receptor (ER)-positive and Human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-negative invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).</P> <P><B>Materials and methods</B></P> <P>Between March 2012 and February 2013, one hundred eighty seven women with ER-positive and HER2-negative IDC who underwent breast MRI and subsequent surgery were included. Intratumoral signal intensity was evaluated based on a combination of T2-weighted (low or equal, high, or very high) and contrast-enhanced MR images (enhancement or not). Necrosis was defined as very high T2 and no enhancement. Using the analysis of variance and pairwise <I>t</I>-test, a model based on intratumoral signal intensity was developed to assess Ki-67 of the surgical specimen. Inter-observer agreement for the developed model was analyzed. Conventional mean and minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements were performed and correlated with Ki-67.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>As the grade of the developed model increased (Grade I: low or equal T2, Grade II: high T2, or necrosis < 50%, Grade III: necrosis ≥ 50%), mean Ki-67 significantly increased (Grade I to III: 12.5%, 17.6%, 45.0%, respectively; <I>P</I> < 0.001). Good inter-observer agreement was found for the model (κ = 0.846, <I>P</I> < 0.001). ADC did not show significant correlations with Ki-67 (Pearson's correlation coefficient, 0.140 [<I>P</I> = 0.057] for mean ADC; −0.079 [<I>P</I> = 0.284] for minimum ADC).</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Intratumoral signal intensity but not ADC was associated with Ki-67 in patients with ER-positive and HER2-negative IDC.</P>
Controller scheduling for continued SDN operation under DDoS attacks
Sungheon Lim,Seungnam Yang,Younghwa Kim,Sunhee Yang,Hyogon Kim IET 2015 Electronics letters Vol.51 No.16
<P>There exists a way that attackers can identify software defined networks (SDNs). Knowing the vulnerabilities of a SDN, the attackers can mount a saturation attack on the SDN controller with the aim of incapacitating the entire SDN. Therefore, the controller should have an architecture to weather out such an attack while continuing operation. A scheduling-based architecture is proposed for the SDN controller that leads to effective attack confinement and network protection during denial of service (DoS) attacks.</P>
특허 분석을 통한 해변가 미세플라스틱 수거 장비 기술 분류 및 설계
정성헌(Sungheon Jung),손우현(Woohyun Son),김무현(Moohyun Kim),김영식(Yeongshik Kim),김상호(Sangho Kim) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2021 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
본 연구는 국제 문제로 주목받고 있는 해양 플라스틱 쓰레기 저감 문제 해결과 미세플라스틱에 의한 국민 건강불안 요소의 완화를 위해 현행 기술로 수거되지 않는 해안가 미세플라스틱의 직접 수거를 위한 ‘자가 이동형 해변모래 미세플라스틱 수거장비’와 ‘개인 휴대형 해안가 미세플라스틱 수거장비’ 기술개발을 목표로 한다. ‘자가 이동형 해변 모래 미세플라스틱 수거장비’는 해수욕장 등 국민 생활과 직접 연관되는 해변 모래에 함유된 미세플라스틱(스티로폼 계열, 크기 1~5mm)과 일반 쓰레기(매크로플라스틱, 크기 5mm 이상, 캔, 병 등)를 모래로부터 분리하여 수거하는 이동형 미세플라스틱 수거장비이다. ‘개인 휴대형 해안가 미세플라스틱 수거장비’는 양식장이 밀집된 지역의 해안으로 지속해서 밀려오는 미세플라스틱(스티로폼 계열, 크기 1~5mm)을 모래, 돌, 해수가 섞여 있는 조건에서 분리하여 직접 수거할 수 있으며, 이동형 장비가 수거하기 힘든 지역의 미세플라스틱을 수거할 수 있는 장비이다. ‘자가 이동형 해변 모래 미세플라스틱 수거장비’ 및 ‘휴대형 해안가 미세플라스틱 수거장비’의 공통된 연구개발 핵심 기술로는 모래+미세플라스틱 상태에서의 미세플라스틱을 분리하는 기술과 최근 가장 이슈가 되는 환경적인 부분을 고려하여, 친환경 전원 공급기술이 적용된다. 미세플라스틱 만을 모래속에서 분류하기 위한 기존 특허의 분석을 통해 최적의 분리 기술을 적용하여 설계에 반영한다. 또한, 이동형 수거장비의 경우 해변 경로추적을 통한 자가운행 기술이 적용되며, 휴대형 장비의 경우 장비의 휴대성을 위한 소형화 및 경량화 과정을 거쳐 최적의 수거장비를 제안한다. 연구개발을 통해 기존에 처리하지 못했던 미세플라스틱을 이동형 및 휴대형 장비를 통해 직접 수거함으로써 효율적이고 공백 없는 해양 플라스틱 쓰레기 관리가 가능해질 것으로 판단되며, 결과물인 수거장비는 국내 지자체 및 해양쓰레기 수거 관련 사업에 직접 활용할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to solve the problem of reducing marine plastic waste, which is attracting attention as an international problem, and to alleviate the public health anxiety factors caused by micro-plastic, the ‘self-moving beach sand micro-plastic collection Equipment’ and ‘personal portable beach micro-plastic collection equipment’ aims to develop technologies. The ‘Self-moving beach sand micro-plastic collection equipment’ is a mobile micro-plastic collection equipment that separates and collects micro-plastics(styrofoam size, 1~5mm) and general garbage(micro-plastics, 5mm or more, cans, bottles, etc.) contained in beach sand directly related to national life such as beaches from sand. The "personal portable micro-plastic collection equipment for the seashore" can collect micro-plastics (Styrofoam type, size 1~5mm) that are continuously pushed to the shore of an area where aquaculture farms are densely separated from sand, stone, and seawater in a mixed condition, it is a device that can collect micro-plastics in areas where it is difficult to collect by mobile equipment. The core R&D core technologies of "self-mobile beach sand micro-plastic collection equipment" and "portable beach micro-plastic collection equipment" include the technology to separate micro-plastics from sand + micro-plastics and the most recent environmental issues. Taking this into account, eco-friendly power supply technology is applied. Through the analysis of existing patents for classifying only micro-plastics in sand, the optimal separation technology is applied and reflected in the design. In addition, in the case of mobile collection equipment, self-driving technology through beach route tracking is applied. Through research and development, it is judged that efficient marine plastic waste management will be possible by collecting micro-plastics that have not been processed before through mobile and portable equipments, and the resulting collection equipment will be able to be directly used for domestic local governments and marine garbage collection related projects.
고효율 n-TOPCon 선택적 에미터 구조 형성을 위한 반송자 수명 향상 p-poly 박막 특성 연구
김성헌(Sungheon Kim),Muhammad Quddamah Khokhar,Sanchari Chowdhury,주민규(Minkyu Ju),이준신(Junsin Yi) 한국신재생에너지학회 2021 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.7
고효율 n-TOPCon 태양전지를 위한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그 중에서도 전면 보론 에미터의 재결합 특성 향상을 위한 선택적 에미터 구조는 고효율을 위한 핵심적인 연구 주제이다. 본 연구에서는 n-TOPCon 태양전지의 전면에서 선택적 에미터 구조로 활용가능한 p-poly Si 박막에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition(PECVD)와 900℃에서의 thermal annealing을 이용하여 단일층 p-poly Si 구조와 다중층 p-poly Si구조를 형성하였다. 단일층 p-poly Si 구조를 증착한 경우 반송자의 수명은 급격히 감소하였으며, 진성 poly Si과 p-poly Si 구조를 다중층으로 형성한 구조에서는 단일층 p-poly Si 구조보다 반송자 수명은 150 ㎲, iVoc는 30 mV 향상되었다. 본 연구를 통해 다층 비정질 실리콘 박막을 이용한 p형 다결정 실리콘을 적용하여 n-TOPCon 태양전지의 선택적 에미터를 최적화함으로써 n-TOPCon 태양전지의 효율 향상을 기대한다.
이종접합 태양전지에서의 Bi-Layer 구조를 통한 향상된 개방전압특성에 대한 고찰
김홍래 ( Hongrae Kim ),정성진 ( Sungjin Jeong ),조재웅 ( Jaewoong Cho ),김성헌 ( Sungheon Kim ),한승용 ( Seungyong Han ),수레쉬쿠마르듄겔 ( Suresh Kumar Dhungel ),이준신 ( Junsin Yi ) 한국전기전자재료학회 2022 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.35 No.6
Passivation quality is mainly governed by epitaxial growth of crystalline silicon wafer surface. Void-rich intrinsic a- Si:H interfacial layer could offer higher resistivity of the c-Si surface and hence a better device efficiency as well. To reduce the resistivity of the contact area, a modification of void-rich intrinsic layer of a-Si:H towards more ordered state with a higher density is adopted by adapting its thickness and reducing its series resistance significantly, but it slightly decreases passivation quality. Higher resistance is not dominated by asymmetric effects like different band offsets for electrons or holes. In this study, multilayer of intrinsic a-Si:H layers were used. The first one with a void-rich was a-Si:H(I<sub>1</sub>) and the next one a-SiO<sub>x</sub>:H(I<sub>2</sub>) were used, where a-SiO<sub>x</sub>:H(I<sub>2</sub>) had relatively larger band gap of ~2.07 eV than that of a-Si:H (I<sub>1</sub>). Using a-SiO<sub>x</sub>:H as I<sub>2</sub> layer was expected to increase transparency, which could lead to an easy carrier transport. Also, higher implied voltage than the conventional structure was expected. This means that the a-SiO<sub>x</sub>:H could be a promising material for a high-quality passivation of c-Si. In addition, the i-a-SiO<sub>x</sub>:H microstructure can help the carrier transportation through tunneling and thermal emission.
Design Optimization of the Front Side in n-Type TOPCon Solar Cell
( Sungjin Jeong ),( Hongrae Kim ),( Sungheon Kim ),( Suresh Kumar Dhungel ),( Youngkuk Kim ),( Junsin Yi ) 한국전기전자재료학회 2022 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.35 No.6
Numerical simulation is a good way to predict the conversion efficiency of solar cells without a direct experimentation and to achieve low cost and high efficiency through optimizing each step of solar cell fabrication. TOPCon industrial solar cells fabricated with n-type silicon wafers on a larger area have achieved a higher efficiency than p-type TOPCon solar cells. Electrical and optical losses of the front surface are the main factors limiting the efficiency of the solar cell. In this work, an optimization of boron-doped emitter surface and front electrodes through numerical simulation using “Griddler” is reported. Through the analysis of the results of simulation, it was confirmed that the emitter sheet resistance of 150 Ω/sq along the front electrodes having a finger width of 20 μm, and the number of finger lines ~130 for silicon wafer of M6 size is an optimized technology for the front emitter surface of the n-type TOPCon solar cells that can be developed.