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Sharable Content Collection(SCC)를 이용한 학습객체의 구조화 방안 연구
김선경,강정배 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2012 情報通信硏究 Vol.9 No.1
Even though the standard model (SCORM) has been prepared for the efficient operation and development of e-Learning, the learning object currently suggested of SCORM is defined mainly focusing on its re-use in terms of operation and development. Therefore, it does not reflect the perspective of the learner's selection. This study intends to suggest Sharable Content Collection (SCC) which is the improved version of Sharable Content Object (SCO) presented in SCORM to enable the learners to select by themselves and attend a variety of lectures. Also this study builds a SCORM-based system that contains the SCC and verifies the effectiveness through the system. e-Learning의 효율적인 운영과 개발을 위해 표준안(SCORM)이 마련되었으나, 현재 제시되고 있는 SCORM의 학습객체는 개발과 운영적 측면의 재사용성을 중심으로 정의되어 있다. 때문에 학습자의 학습 선택적 측면을 반영하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 학습자가 다양한 강의를 선택하고 수강할 수 있도록 SCORM에서 제시한 Sharable Content Object(SCO)를 개선한 Sharable Content Collection(SCC)를 제시한다. SCC가 포함된 SCORM을 기반으로 시스템을 구축해 보고, 구축된 시스템을 통해 효율성 검증 한다
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백서 뇌에서 전기경련 충격에 의해 발현이 조절되는 새로운 유전자
정선주,박정은,강웅구,구영진,박주배,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.5
연구목적: 이 연구는 백서 뇌에서 전기경련 충격(Electroconvulsive shock, ECS)에 의해 발현이 조절되는 새로운 유전자를 검색하고, 발달단게 및 뇌 조직에 따른 발현양상을 관찰하기 위하여 시행되었다. 방법: 생후 7일, 21일된 어린 웅성 백서에 전기경련 충격을 가한 후 mRNS differential display-PCR(DD-PCR) 기법을 시행하여 발현의 차이를 나타내는 유전자를 검색한 후 서열분석을 실시하였다. 생후 7일 및 21일된 백서의 뇌와 성년 백서의 대뇌피질, 해마를 이용한 Northern blot 분석을 시행하여 검색된 유전자의 ECS 처치 후 시간경과에 따른 유전자 발현양상을 관찰하였다. 결과: ECS 처치군과 위충격군간에 발현의 차이를 나타낸 유전자 4개를 검색할 수 있었으며, 이중 ECS에 의해 발현이 증가되는 1개의 유전자를 선정하여 서열분석을 실시한 결과 EST 서열만이 보고된 새로운 유전자임이 밝혀졌다. 이 유전자는 생후 7일된 백서의 뇌에서는 ECS 처치 후 180분에 발현양의 증가가 최고치에 도달하였으나, 생후 21일된 백서의 뇌와 성년백서의 대뇌피질 및 해마에서는 360분 경과시까지 지속적으로 발현 양이 증가하였다. 결론: 이같은 결과는 ECS에 의해 생체 내에서 유전자 발현의 조절이 이루어짐을 시사하며, 향후 이러한 유전자의 세포 내 기능에 관한 연구를 시행함으로써, ECS에 의한 생체의 반응과 치료기전에 대한 이해를 넓힐 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 중심단어:전기경련 충격·DD-PCR·유전자·백서 뇌. Objectives: This study was performed to identify genes regulated by electroconvulsive shock (ECS) and to observe the pattern of expression of genes according to different developmental stages and brain regions. Method: ECS(130V, 0.5 sec) was given to male Sprague-Dawley rats with age of postnatal day 7 and 21(P7, P21 respectively). After screening genes regulated by ECS with mRNA diffe-rential display-PCR(DD-PCR), we selected one clone among them and observed the induction of this gene after ECS by time-dependent Northern blot analysis of rat brain of P7, P21 and adult rat cortex and hippocampus. Results: By DD-PCR method, we have identified four clones whose expression was regulated by ECS. Among them, one(CP 10-2) was proved to be a new gene by sequencing and BLAST search. Its expression was increased after ECS in P7, P21, and adult rat brain. The expression of CP 10-2 reached peak level at 180 minutes after ECS in P7 rat brain, but was further increased until 360 minutes after ECS in P21 and adult rat brain. Conclusion: In this study, a new gene was identified in rat brain which showed up-regulated expression in response to ECS. Cloning and characterization of this new gene would be helpful to elucidate the effect of ECS in rat brain. KEY WORDS:Electroconvulsive shock·Differential display-PCR·Gene·Rat brain.
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이강순,배선익 순천향대학교 1991 논문집 Vol.14 No.2
This study was performed to develop for korean product of culture media which favors the growth of various kinds bacteria from the extract of sea mussel(Mytilus crassitesta). The new medium was tested for the growth of salmonella, shigella, proteus, E, coli, enterobacter, vibrio, pseudomonas, staphylococcus and their ability to form colonies, compared with S-S, MacConkey and TCBS agar media. The following results were obtained. 1. All the bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae family grow well on sea mussel agar media, and shigella dysenteriae grow best especially. 2. Most bacteria of Vibrionaceae family were inhibited on sea mussel agar media. 3. Sea mussel agar was the best media for the isolation and selection of pseudomonas aeruginosa. 4. The growth of Staphylococcus aureus were highly inhibited on sea mussel agar media.
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李性寬,姜福秀,金玉培,宋善祐 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1980 慶北醫大誌 Vol.21 No.2
幼兒保健에 영향을 미치는 母의 특성중 年齡과 敎育程度를 中心으로 이에 따른 幼兒登錄時期, 豫防接種, 健康相談回數 및 健康相談期間 등의 실태를 알기 위해 1980年 5月 15日부터 同年 10月 20日까지 1970年度 大邱 母子保健센타에 登錄된 幼兒 2,635名을 對象으로 조사 분석하였다. 성적을 要約하면 다음과 같다. 幼兒保健管理를 위한 登錄時期는 2個月以內 早期登錄率은 1,690名中 73.1%이며, 母의 年齡이 젊은 群이 40才以上 高齡群에 比하여 早期에 登錄한 것으로 나타났고, 高等學校以上 高學歷群이 中卒以下 低學歷群보다 出生後 早期에 登錄한 것으로 나타났다. 「디 피·티」와 「폴리오」의 완전 3回 接種者는 各各 53.8%와 61.5%로 完全한 接種이 이루어지지 않고 있으며, 兩者 모두 母의 年鈴이 젊을수록 敎育程度가 높을수륵 3回 完全 接種率이 높게 나타났으나 統計的으로는 有意한 差異를 인정할 수 없었다. 「디·피·티」와 「폴리오」의 豫防接種時期에 있어 適期豫防接種者는 各各 40.6%와 39.8%로 나타나 과반수 이상이 適期接種을 하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 「디·피·티」의 適期 接種率은 母의 年齡이 젊을수록 그리고 學歷이 높을수록 그 接種率이 높게 나타났으며, 「폴리오」의 경우도 年齡이 젊을수록 適期 接種率이 有意하게 높고 高學歷群이 低學歷群보다 適期 接種率이 有意하게 높았다. 「비시지」 適期接種은 生後 1個月以內로 되어 있으나 全體約으로 불과 22% 程度가 適期接種을 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 「비시지」接種時期에 있어서도 母의 年齡이 젊을수록 그리고 敎育水準이 높을수록 1個月以內 適期 接種率이 높게 나타났다. 幼兒 保健營理를 위하여 健康相談을 실시한 회수에 있어서는 전대상에서는 平均相談回數가 3.9回로 나타났고 70% 以上이 4回以內로 中斷하였으며, 6回以上 실시한 경우는 母의 年齡이 젊을수록 相談回數의 빈도가 높았고 敎育程度가 높을수록 相談回數가 增加하는 경향을 나타내었다. 영·幼兒健康相談期間과 豫防接種과의 比較 調査에서 대체로 50%정도는 「디·피·티」을 3回 最終 接種과 동시에 相談을 中斷한 것으로 나타났고, 母의 年齡이 젊을수록 그리고 敎育水準이 높을수록 최후접종과 동시에 中斷한 率이 낮았으며, 相談期間도 연장된 경향을 나타내었다. 이상의 成續을 종합하면 母의 年齡이 젊을수록 그리고 敎育水準이 높을수록 幼兒保健에 더 有利한 영향을 주었음을 알 수 있지만 본 硏究에서 젊은 年齡群이 대체로 學歷이 높은 것을 勘案할 때 敎育程度가 幼兒保健에 더 有關하게 영향을 미칠 것으로 사료되는 바이다. The present study was conducted to investigate the status of child health care and the relationship between child health and mother's characteristics such as age and educational level on 2,635 children registered at Daegu MCH Center in 1978, during the period of 5 months from May to October 1980. Analysis of the study was infant registration time, vaccination times, begining time of vaccination, consultation times for child health, and health consultation period since complete vaccination of D.P.T. Of the 1,690 infants in the study, 73.1 percent were registered within 2 months after birth for child health care at MCH Center. The rate of early registration increased with younger groups and higher educational levels of mothers (p<0.005). The rates of complete vaccination of D.P.T. and Polio revealed 53.8 percent and 61.5 percent, respectively. The rates of two kinds of vaccination showed increasing tendency with younger and higher educational groups of mothers. The rates of D.P.T. and Polio vaccination given properly within 2 months after birth revealed 40.6 percent and 39.8 percent, respectively. The percent of polio vaccination given properly increased with younger groups and higher educational levels of mothers (p<0.05). Only ene-fifth of infants(22%) were given BCG vaccination properly within the first month after birth. Overall, average number of visits for health consultation was 3.9. More than 70 percent of the infants had 1-4 visits of health consultation. Frequency of visits for health consultation increased with younger group of mothers (p<0.05). More than half of the Infants had no visit for health consultation after vaccination of 3 complete doses of D.P.T. The period of health consultation showed prolonging tendency with frequent visits among yonger groups and higher educational groups of mothers.
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오선미,김종학,황평주,구영선,강민규,나기량,김종섭,김성숙,이강욱,신영태,설종구,배진선,손기섭 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.2
To investigate the prognostic factors for the survival of transplanted kidney in patients with end-stage renal failure, 59 cases of renal transplantation from September 1986 to Feburary 1997 in Chungnam National University Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. The results were as follows: 1)The mean age of recipients was 33.8 years and that of doners was 38.9 years. The male to female ratio of recipients was 2.5:1, and that of donors was 1.03:1 2) Living related donore(LRD) were 79.6% and living non-related donors were 20.3%. The HLA-identical donors(ID) in LRD were 18.7% and HLA-haploidentical donors(HID) were 61.0%. In living non-related donors(LNRD), mean matched HLA-AB antigens were 1.56 and mean matched HLA-DR antigens were 0.56. 3) The average 5-year patient survival fate was 94%, and average 5-year graft survival rate was 70%. The 5-year graft survival fate of HLA-ID was 100%, and those HLA-HID and LNR were 70% and 36% respectively. 4) Total 33 episodes of acute rejection were found in 45.8% of transplanted patients. The number of acute rejection episode did not show significant difference between LRD and LNRD(P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in MLC between two groups(p > 0.05). 5) In comparison between the 18 patients who lost their graft function in 5 years and 17 patients who are maintaining graft function for more than 5 years, MLC was significantly lower in patients with functioning graft than of patients with non-functioning graft (p < 0.05). The number of rejection episode was also lower in patients with functioning graft than that of the patients with non-functioning graft(p < 0.05). However, there were no significant difference in recepient and donor age and history of pre-transplantation donor specific transfusion between two groups. With the results above, we can speculate that adequate donor selection according to good matched HLA typing and low MLC is very important for graft survival in renal transplantation. Prevention and treatment of acute rejection in renal transplantation is also na important factor for graft survival.
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Kang, Moon Jung,Jung, Sun Min,Kim, Mi Ju,Bae, Jae Ho,Kim, Hak Bong,Kim, Joo Young,Park, Soo Jung,Song, Hye Soon,Kim, Dong Wan,Kang, Chi Dug,Kim, Sun Hee Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2008 The FEBS journal Vol.275 No.23
<P>Hypoxic preconditioning may afford protection against subsequent lethal hypoxia. As hypoxic tolerance induces changes in the expression of genes involved in DNA damage and repair response pathways, we investigated whether DNA‐dependent protein kinase (DNA‐PK), one of the DNA double‐strand break repair proteins, could be involved in hypoxic preconditioning‐induced protective signaling cascades. We showed that induction of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α expression during hypoxic preconditioning by repeated hypoxic exposure was associated with increased mRNA and protein levels of DNA‐PK catalytic subunit (DNA‐PKcs) and Ku70/Ku80, the DNA‐PK components, in human hepatoma HepG2 cells, followed by upregulation of Hsp70/Hsp90 and Bcl‐2 and concurrent downregulation of Bax. Additionally, loss of DNA‐PKcs led to attenuated expression of Hsp70/Hsp90, accelerated hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α degradation, and increased susceptibility to hypoxia‐induced cell death. We also found that the mRNA and protein levels of heat shock factor‐1 (HSF1) were progressively increased with DNA‐PK activation during hypoxic preconditioning, and inhibition of HSF1 function by KNK437 resulted in a significant decrease in the level of protein kinase Akt as well as of DNA‐PKcs, with downregulation of Hsp70/Hsp90 and HIF‐1α. Our results suggest the possibility that DNA‐PK‐mediated signaling pathway is required for the increase in HIF‐1α expression through activation of HSF1 and subsequent upregulation of heat shock proteins after hypoxic reconditioning.</P>
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Kang, Sun Kyoung,Bae, Hyun Joo,Kwon, Woo Sun,Che, Jingmin,Kim, Tae Soo,Chung, Hyun Cheol,Rha, Sun Young Korea Genome Organization 2020 Genomics & informatics Vol.18 No.4
BET inhibitor, as an epigenetic regulator inhibitor, reduces the expression of oncogenes such as Myc and Bcl-2, which affects cancer growth and development. However, it has modest activity because of the narrow therapeutic index. Therefore, combination therapy is necessary to increase the anti-tumor effect. Paclitaxel, an anti-mitotic inhibitor, is used as second-line therapy for gastric cancer (GC) as a monotherapy or combination. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing of GC cells treated with iBET-151 and/or paclitaxel to identify the differentially expressed genes associated with possible mechanisms of synergistic effect. We also performed Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses to determine the most enriched terms and pathways of upregulated and downregulated genes. We found 460 genes in which iBET-151 and paclitaxel combination treatment changed more than single-treatment or no-treatment. Thus, additional functional studies are needed, but our results provide the first evidence of the synergistic effect between iBET-151 and paclitaxel in regulating the transcriptome of GC cells.
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