제2형 당뇨병 환자의 치료에서 복약순응도가 혈당 조절에 미치는 영향

김경선,김민정,박소현,박영주,허정순,이은경,김선영,이수형,김상수,강양호,손석만,김인주,김용기 한국병원약사회 2009 병원약사회지 Vol.26 No.2

Abstract: As known in clinical trial like DCCT, UKPDS, tight glycemic control is essential to prevent complications from diabetes mellitus(DM). In type 2 diabetes taking multiple medication, nonadherence to medications is common problem. The aim of our study is to investigate adher-ence rate of patients with type 2 DM and to evaluate association between many factors including adherence rate and HbA_(1C). 441 patients with type 2 DM who visited Busan National University Hospital endocrine internal department from Aug 13 to Sep 2, 2008(3weeks) were enrolled. We conducted a man-to-man questionnaire survey about general knowledge about diabetes mellitus, medicine and adherence, and measured HbA_(1C). Among them, 305 patients taking oral hypo-glycemic agent(OHA) were analyzed to investigate correlation between adherence rate and glycemic control. We studied 305 patients(male 126, female 179, average age 61.2±9.8 years, DM duration 8.6±6.4 years, average adherence 88.8±16.2%, average HbA_(1C) 7.03± 1.18%). HbA_(1C) showed significant relation with DM duration(r=0.137, p=0.017), number of aHA in regimen (r=0.135, p=0.018), dosage frequency(r=0.132, p=0.026), Medication Refill Adherence(MRA)(r=-0.124, p=0.030) and adherence(r=-0.168, p=0.003). Adherence had significant relation with MRA(r=0.148, p=0.010) but didn't have statical corelationship with DM duration, number of aHA and dosage frequency. Patients that their adherence rate exceed 90% took fewer OHA(p=0.011) and went on a better dietary treatment(p=0.007). In patients controlling diabetes mellitus with aHA, when adherence rate and MRA was higher, HbA_(1C) was lower. As a result, to improve adher-ence rate, it is necessary to enhance patient education, do careful consideration about prescrip-tion medicine number and dosage frequency

한약재료(단삼, 도인, 당귀미, 솔잎) 추출물이 지방산화에 미치는 영향

김수민,김은주,조영석,배만종 경산대학교 생명자원개발연구소 1998 생명자원과 산업 Vol.2 No.-

지방산화 촉진인자인 활성산소종 (Hydrogen peroxide, Superoxide, Hydroxyl radical)과 Iron sources 들이 고혈압 치료제로 사용되고 있는 한약재료추출물들과의 반응효과를 in vitro 상에서 검토한 결과 oil emulsion 상태에서 활성산소종은 OH, H₂O₂, KO₂ 순으로 지방산화 촉진작용이 나타났으며, 한약재료추출물 자체도 산화반응을 어느정도 촉진시키는 경향이었다. 한약재료추출물의 활성산소 포집능은 KO₂에 비해 H₂O₂와 OH은 나타내지 않는 경향이었다. 그러나, 전반적으로 지방산화를 촉진시키는 ?? ion binding 능력은 추출물 모두 탁월하였다. ?? ion의 함량은 도인, 솔잎에 비해 단삼, 당귀미가 높은 수치를 나타내었으며, total iron 함량 역시 같은 경향이었다. 항산화작용을 하는 ascorbic acid 함량은 솔잎이 26.97ppm으로 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 단삼과 당귀미는 19.74, 22.14ppm으로 유사하며, 도인이 5.50ppm으로 낮은 값을 나타내었다.(P<0.05). 전자공여능은 솔잎, 단삼이 각각 79.54%,77.11%로 도인, 당귀미보다 높게 나타났고, SOD 유사활성측정에서는 도인이 0.16으로 가장 낮은 흡광도 수치를 나타내어, pyrogallol의 자동산화를 억제하는 SOD 유사활성이 다른 추출물에 비해 높은 것으로 나타났다(P<0.05). 아질산염소거작용은 pH에 따라 소거능이 다르게 나타났으며, 솔잎과 당귀미가 pH 1.2에서 각각 99.8%, 98.6%의 강한 소거능을 나타내었고, pH의 증가에 따라 전반적으로 감소하는 경향이었으며, 특히, pH6.0에서는 단삼과 도인의 경우 아질산염 소거작용이 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 한약재료 추출물 4종의 기능성은 솔잎 추출물이 가장 우수한 것으로 사료된다. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of herb extracts on lipid oxidation and free radical reaction in iron sources reacted with active oxygen species. The results were summarized as follow; The catalytic effects of active oxygen on lipid oxidation in oil emulsion tended to be showed OH, H₂O₂ and KO₂ in order. At the same time, herb extracts itself were tended to be showed a little catalytic effects. Active oxygen scavenging ability of herb extracts didn't show, but herb extracts played role as a strong chelating agents to bind iron ion if ?? ion exist in oil emulsion. The content of ?? ion Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, and also, the content of total iron was the same persica Stokes and Pinus strobus. And also, the content of total iron was the same tendancy. The content of ascorbic acid of Pinus strobus showed the highest amounts as 26.97ppm among all herb extracts, but Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., Angelica gigas Nakai and Prunus persica Stokes were 19.74ppm, 22.14ppm and 5.50ppm, respectively(P<0.05). Electron donating ability of Pinus strobus and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. were 79.54% and 77.11%, respectively, which was showed higher content than those of Prunus persica Stokes and Angelica gigas Nakai. The SOD-like activity of Prunus persica Stokes was showed optical density(O.D.) 0.16, compared to other berb extracts which means the most strong antioxidant reaction. The nitrite scavenging effects were tended to be different, depending on pH value as pH value was increased. They were decreased overall. Especially, they didn't show the nitrite scavenging effect in pH 6.0. In conculsion, the Pinus strobus extract among herb extracts were the most effective by evaluation as functional sources.

Polyester Satin 經編布의 칫수特性에 관한 硏究

金碩根,孫榮滿,崔在佑 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1991 연구보고 Vol.19 No.1

According toa various relaxed states, the changes in dimensional properties such as course density, wale density, loop length, run-in and shrinkage of the satin warp knitted polyester fabrics were studied. The results are as follows; Behavior in dimensional properties of the satin warp knitted fabric with different loop length showed similar tendency, a fully relaxed state was reached after dry heating at 170℃ and then K₁ value was 909.98. Experimental run-in was similar to the result of Grosberg's study. Area shrinkage ratio under fully relaxed state was reached to 17%. With proceeding of relaxation, the thickness and weight per unit area were increased and the bulkiness was decreased. But the thickness and weight per unit area were decreased and the bulkiness was increased with loop length.

남자 고등학교 세팍타크로 경기의 공격기술에 관한 분석 연구

김영호,고문석,제임스전,이영익,차정훈,현종건,김범수,임종만,이석인 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

This research aims at analysis of attack technique in sepaktakraw games. For this purpose, 3 high school coaches observed and recorded each game Five times in videos of high school male players' thirty games in 2003. The conclusion from the analysis of the recorded data are as follows. 1. Scissors spike was the most popular (favorite) attack technique. Rolling spike, tapping spike and heading spike was popular in order. 2. Heading spike showed the highest success rate (73.5%) in attack technique. And tapping spike (69.5%), scissors spike (57.8%) and rolling spike (67.11) showed a lower success rate in order. In failure rate, heading spike (5.5%), tapping spike (36.5%), scissors spike (32.2%) and rolling spike (32.9%) had a higher percentage in order. 3. When receive was stable, the success rate in attach technique was 47.1%, the failure rate was 20.1%. On the other hand, when receive was unstable, the success rate in attach technique was 16.5%, the failure rate was 14.3%.

다결정 실리콘 태양전지의 상부 전극용 금속 박막 적용

김상수,임동건,이준신,심경석,김홍우,이만근 성균관대학교 1997 학술회의지원논문목록집 Vol.1997 No.-

We investigated grain boundary effect for terrestrial applications of solar cells with low cost, large area, and high efficiency. Grain boundaries are known as potential barriers and recombination centers for the photo generated charge carriers, which make it difficult to achieve a high efficiency cell. To reduce these effects of grain boundarues, we investigated various influencing factors such as thermal treatments various grid patterns selective wet etchings for grain boundarues, buried contact metallizations along grain boundaries, and use of metallic thin films. From the various grid patterns we learned that the series resistance of solar cell reduced open circuit voltage and consequently decreased the cell efficiency. This paper describes the effect of various grid patterns and the employment of metallic thin films for a top electrode.

PM_(10) 개인노출과 공중이용시설내 농도에 관한 연구

김만구,정영림,임양석 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

PM_(10) concentrations were measured measured in underfround stores located in 4 major cities, Chuchon, Wonju, Donghae and Sockcho, in Kangwon-Do using scattering light integrated type digital dust indicator. Personal exposure to PM_(10) for two women(housekeeper and granduate stuent) and a man(undergraduate student were measured also. The dimensional conversion factors for mass concentrations(K) showed some difference among underground stores which were 2.0,2.7,3.4,2.6㎍/㎥·CPM in chunchon, Wonju, Donghae and Sockcho, respectively. Average PM(10) concentrations at underground stores were 178㎍/㎥ in Chunchon, 141㎍/㎥ in Wonju, 125㎍/㎥ in Donghe and 59㎍/㎥ in Sockcho. The portion of PM_(10) in total suspended particles was about 50~60 % as weight. The exposure of graduate student, housekeeer and undergraduate to PM_(10) during 12 hours were 1004.3(㎍/㎥)·hr, 907.0(㎍/㎥)·hr and 691.2(㎍/㎥)·hr, respectively. Personal exposure to PM_(10) showed very different according to their activity parttern and they had more than 90% of their PM_(10) exposure at indoor envirnment.

치과 임플란트용 순 Ti의 접촉부식 거동

김교한,허만수,김형일,황운석,高田 雄京,奧野 攻 대한치과기재학회 1999 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.26 No.4

One of the fields in which titanium(Ti) is becoming increasingly valuable is the field of biomaterials. Ti had shown its good corrosion resistance, high strength to weight ratio, and compatibility with human tissues. Such applications of Ti in this area involve replacing stainless steel and cobalt-chromium alloy implant which are used in skull, shoulder joint, spine, and dental implant. In dental field, titanium has been used as dental implant, so it becomes necessary to examine and estimate the anti-corrosion ability of Ti and its alloys at the severe conditions such as crevice corrosion and galvanic corrosion. The purposes of this study was to examine the corrosion mechanisms of the pure Ti showing good corrosion resistance under an oral corrosion environment when it is coupled with dental casting Type Ⅱ and Type Ⅳ gold alloys. These coupling corrosion mechanisms were studied in three conditions. First was by measuring the resting potential of pure Ti, when it was uncoupled and coupled with Type Ⅱ and Type Ⅳ alloys. Second was by measuring anode polarization behavior of pure Ti, Type Ⅱ and Type Ⅳ alloys, and third was by detecting dissolved ions from the pure Ti, uncoupled and coupled with Type Ⅱ and Type Ⅳ gold alloys which were immersed in 0.9% NaCl solution for 7 days. The resting potential showed a low potential value at the initial stage but increasing into a high value (to 0.18 V) with time elapse and reached a stable value. On the contrary, the potentials of Type Ⅱ and Type Ⅳ gold alloys were in their values at the initial stage of immersion, then decreased with the time and reached stable values, being higher than the value of pure Ti. When pure Ti coupled with Type Ⅱ and Type Ⅳ gold alloys, the resting potential of coupled one was between the values of each one. When Type Ⅱ and Type Ⅳ gold alloys were coupled with pure Ti, there was an increase in Ag, Cu, and Zn. Also, Zn ions released the high potential precious metal alloys, compared to the uncoupled case. Ti ion was not detected at any cases of pure Ti or coupled with gold alloys. It was thought that one of the causes of the increase in Ag, Zn, and Cu ions when Ti was coupled with dental gold alloys was that Ag, Zn, and Cu ions were selectively dissoluted from the Ag rich regions around grain boundary and the casting defects. In conclusions, the results of this study suggest that the pure Ti was very stable when coupled with the gold alloys in oral cavity.

고온 유리의 프레스 성형 공정 시뮬레이션

지석만,최주호,김준범,하덕식 한국 항공대학교 항공산업기술연구소 2001 航空宇宙産業技術硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.11 No.-

This paper addresses a method for numerical simulation in the pressing process of hot glass. Updated Lagrangian finite element formulations are employed for the flow and energy equations to accommodate moving meshes. The model is assumed axi-symmetric and creep flow is assumed due to the high viscosity. Commercial software ANSYS is used to solve the coupled flow and energy equations. Moving contact points as well as free surface during the pressing are effectively calculated and updated by utilizing API functions of CAD software Unigraphics. The mesh distortion problem near the wall is overcome by automatic remeshing, and the temperatures of the new mesh are conveniently interpolated by using a unique function of ANSYS. The developed model is applied to the pressing process of TV glasses. In conclusion, the presented method shows that the pressing process accompanying moving boundary can be simulated by effectively combining general purpose softwares without resorting to special dedicated codes.

1996년 전남지역에서의 간접면역형광항체법에 의한 Rickettsia tsutsugamushi 항체가 분포조사

문홍만,김석홍 광주보건대학 1997 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Tsutsugamushi disease(scrub typhus), the major cause of febrile illness in Korea, is caused by Rickettsia tsutsugamushi. Since several U.N. army patients of tsutsugamushi disease in Korea were first reported in 1951, the case had not been reported for more than 30 years until 1985. The first Korean tsutsugamushi patients were recognized in 1986 and the disease has been found to be prevalent in all areas of Korea. R. tsutsugamushi was also isolated in Korean residents in 1987. Thereafter, tsutsugamushi disease has been shown to be widely spread throughout the country. Especially, the seropositive rate to R. tsutsugamushi among the patients with acute febrile episodes during October through November were 40-50%. To understand the seroepidemiological patterns of scrub typhus in Chollanam-do, 73 patients sera with acute febrile episodes from 24 local health centers were tested for the antibody to R. tsutsugamushi by indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique from January to December in 1996. Out of 73 patients, 45(61.6%) patients showed positive reaction to R. tsutsugamushi and the female outnumbered the male. 28.9% of seropositives to R. tsutsugamushi was in the age of the sixties and between the forties and sixties of the age were 75.6%. Among 24 local health center, 13 showed positive reaction to R. tsutsugamushi. Scrub typhus was the most prevalent in October and November, showing 93.3% of total. These results might provide the basic information for the management of scrub typhus in Chollanam-do, where the epidemiological studies on scrub typhus was not carried out enough.

急性骨髓性 白血症에서의 試驗管內 集落細胞 形成에 관한 연구

고석만,조덕연,박철신,강원권,김민범,김삼용,노흥규 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1991 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.1 No.1

To evaluate the in vitro granulocyte-macrophage colony formation in acute myeloblastic leukemia and the prognostic implications of these results, the author performed the in vitro agar culture of bone marrow cells in 10 patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and 5 control subjects. Culture medium was composed of 20% fetal calf serum(FCS), 50% Iscove's medium, 0.3% agar, 10% colony stimulation factor (CSF), and 2×105 cells/ml. Human placental conditioned medium (HPCM) and phytohemagglutinin-leukocyte conditioned medium (PHA-LCM) were used as colony stimulating factor. Colony counting was done on 7th day of culture. Colony was defined as containg 20 or more cells, and cluster was defined as containing 3 - 19 cells. The results were as followings, 1. In control subjects, the number of clusters formed was 3-47/2×10^(5) cells (20±19)and that of colonies was 5-24/2×10^(5) cells (14±9) when stimulated with HPCM. When stimulated with PHA-LCM, the number of clusters formed 5-39/2×10^(5) cells(18±16) and that of colonies was 6-13/2×10^(5) cells (9±3). 2. In AML patients, 3 groups were recognized according to pattern of colony formation : 1) non-forming 2) cluster forming 3) both cluster and colony forming. Of 10 cases, 5 cases were 'non-forming', 2 cases were 'cluster forming'; and 3cases wer cluster and 'colony forming'; 3. All 5 cases 'non-forming' cases, one of 2 cases of 'cluster forming'; and none of 3 cases of 'cluster and colony forming' achieved complete remission. So, there was significant difference in remission rate in the different growth types. These results suggest that granulopoiesis in AML patients is impaired and the pattern of in vitro CFU-L(colony forming unit-leukemia) formation has prognostic significance.