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Stearic Acid Potentiates the Effect of Conventional Antifibrotic Agents in Pulmonary Fibrosis
( Sujin Moon ),( Miae Kim ),( Sang Eun Lee ),( Gi Won Hwang ),( Hyun Ju Yoo ),( Jin Woo Song ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2020 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.128 No.0
Background Lipid metabolism dysregulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); however, the roles of most lipid metabolites in lung fibrosis remain unexplored. We aimed to investigate the role of stearic acid in the pathogenesis of IPF and the combined effect of stearic acid with conventional antifibrotic agents (pirfenidone or nintedanib). Methods Free fatty acids in the lung tissues of IPF patients and controls were quantified using a metabolomic approach. The efficacy of combination of stearic acid with pirfenidone or nintedanib on fibroblasts or epithelial cells treated with transforming growth factor- β1 (TGF-β1) was evaluated using fibrotic markers. The combined effect of stearic acid with antifibrotic agents was also assessed in a bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis mouse model. Results The level of stearic acid was significantly reduced in the lung tissues of patients with IPF compared with those of controls. Stearic acid significantly reduced TGF-β1-induced α-SMA and collagen type 1 expression in MRC-5 cells, and disrupted TGF- β1-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in Beas-2B cells. The combination of stearic acid with pirfenidone or nintedanib reduced the expression levels of α-SMA and collagen type-I more than alone (stearic acid, pirfenidone or nintedanib) in MRC-5 cells treated by TGF-β1. The combination treatment also reduced the protein expression level of fibronectin and increased E-cadherin level more than alone in BEAS-2B cells treated by TGF-β1. Moreover, The combination treatment further reduced the levels of bleomycin-induced hydroxyproline than alone in the mouse model. Conclusions Changes in the free fatty acid profile, including low levels of stearic acid, were observed in IPF patients. Stearic acid may exert antifibrotic activity, and potentiate the effect of conventional antifibrotic agents in pulmonary fibrosis.
A Survey on Teachers Perceptions of the Use of Advanced Science and Technology in Education
문수진(Sujin Moon),이지원(Jiwon Lee),김중복(Jung Bog Kim) 한국교원대학교 뇌기반교육연구소 2021 Brain, Digital, & Learning Vol.11 No.4
The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the perceptions of in-service teachers on the use of advanced science and technology in education by school, grade, major, and teaching career, and to provide implications for future policies related to advanced science and technology education. 409 elementary and secondary school teachers responded to a survey asking about their perception of the use of advanced science and technology in the education field, and the results of the analysis are as follows. First, it was found that elementary school teachers have a higher understanding of advanced science and technology than secondary school teachers and are using advanced science and technology more in the educational field. Second, as for the perception of secondary school teachers according to their major, engineering teachers had the most positive perception, and liberal art teachers had the lowest perception and the lowest frequency of use. Third, the perception of advanced science and technology by teaching career showed a generally positive as the teaching experience increased, and the awareness and frequency of use of low-experienced teachers was the lowest. In particular, the liberal art and low-career teachers had low current usage frequency and knowledge of cutting-edge science and technology, but perceived positively their belief in the educational effect of advanced science and technology and their intention to use it in the future. In order for the Ministry of Education to properly implement the policy to utilize advanced science and technology in education, we propose policies and support for various subjects, and the necessity of advanced science and technology education for pre-service teachers of teacher training institutions.
Effect of the accuracy of pH control on hydrogen fermentation
Moon, Chungman,Jang, Sujin,Yun, Yeo-Myeong,Lee, Mo-Kwon,Kim, Dong-Hoon,Kang, Won-Seok,Kwak, Seung-Shin,Kim, Mi-Sun Elsevier 2015 Bioresource technology Vol.179 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>pH, known as the most important parameter in H<SUB>2</SUB> fermentation, cannot be precisely controlled in a scaled-up fermenter as in a lab fermenter. In the preset work, to assess the effect of pH control accuracy on H<SUB>2</SUB> fermentation, the pH was controlled at 6.0±0.1, 6.0±0.3, 6.0±0.5, 6.0±0.7, and 6.0±0.9 during batch fermentation of food waste. Up to deviation of ±0.3, a high H<SUB>2</SUB> yield of 1.67–1.73molH<SUB>2</SUB>/mol hexose<SUB>added</SUB> was attained with producing butyrate as a major metabolite (>70% of total organic acids produced). A huge drop of H<SUB>2</SUB> production, however, was observed at deviation >±0.5 with lowered substrate utilization and increased production of lactate. Next generation sequencing results showed that <I>Clostridium</I> was found to be the dominant genus (76.4% of total number of sequences) at deviation of ±0.1, whereas the dominant genus was changed to lactic acid bacteria such as <I>Streptococcus</I> and <I>Lactobacillus</I> with increase of deviation value.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A significant effect of pH control accuracy on H<SUB>2</SUB> fermentation performance. </LI> <LI> High H<SUB>2</SUB> yield and substrate utilization at deviation of ±0.1 and ±0.3. </LI> <LI> Low H<SUB>2</SUB> production with lowered substrate utilization at deviation >±0.5. </LI> <LI> Lactic acid bacteria became dominant with increase of deviation value. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Sujin Kim,Yunkwon Nam,Min-jeong Kim,Seung-hyun Kwon,Junhyeok Jeon,Soo Jung Shin,Soyoon Park,Sungjae Chang,Hyun Uk Kim,Yong Yook Lee,Hak Su Kim,Minho Moon The Korean Society of Ginseng 2023 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.47 No.2
Background: The most common type of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), is marked by the formation of extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques. The impairments of axons and synapses appear in the process of Aβ plaques formation, and this damage could cause neurodegeneration. We previously reported that non-saponin fraction with rich polysaccharide (NFP) from Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) showed neuroprotective effects in AD. However, precise molecular mechanism of the therapeutic effects of NFP from KRG in AD still remains elusive. Methods: To investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of NFP from KRG on AD, we conducted proteomic analysis for frontal cortex from vehicle-treated wild-type, vehicle-treated 5XFAD mice, and NFP-treated 5XFAD mice by using nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS. Metabolic network analysis was additionally performed as the effects of NFP appeared to be associated with metabolism according to the proteome analysis. Results: Starting from 5,470 proteins, 2,636 proteins were selected for hierarchical clustering analysis, and finally 111 proteins were further selected for protein-protein interaction network analysis. A series of these analyses revealed that proteins associated with synapse and mitochondria might be linked to the therapeutic mechanism of NFP. Subsequent metabolic network analysis via genome-scale metabolic models that represent the three mouse groups showed that there were significant changes in metabolic fluxes of mitochondrial carnitine shuttle pathway and mitochondrial beta-oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Conclusion: Our results suggested that the therapeutic effects of NFP on AD were associated with synaptic- and mitochondrial-related pathways, and they provided targets for further rigorous studies on precise understanding of the molecular mechanism of NFP.