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Minho Moon,Seong Gak Jeon,Kyoung Ah Kim,Hyunju Chung,Junghyun Choi,Eun Ji Song,Seung-Yun Han,Myung Sook Oh,Jong-Hwan Park,Jin-il Kim 한국분자세포생물학회 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.8
Recently, an increasing number of studies have focused on the effects of CD4+ T cell on cognitive function. How-ever, the changes of Th2 cytokines in restricted CD4+ T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire model and their effects on the adult hippocampal neurogenesis and memory are not fully understood. Here, we investigated whether and how the mice with restricted CD4+ repertoire TCR exhibit learning and memory impairment by using OT-II mice. OT-II mice showed decreased adult neurogenesis in hippocampus and short- and long- term memory impairment. Moreover, Th2 cytokines in OT-II mice are significantly increased in peripheral organs and IL-4 is significantly increased in brain. Finally, IL-4 treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation of cultured adult rat hippocampal neural stem cells. Taken together, abnormal level of Th2 cytokines can lead memory dysfunction via impaired adult neurogenesis in OT-II transgenic.
Moon, Minho,Huh, Youngbuhm,Park, Chan Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2006 NEUROREPORT - Vol.17 No.11
Voluntary exercise such as running induces a dramatic increase in adult stem cell proliferation within the dentate gyrus, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase helps regulate cell proliferation. The role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in exercise-induced cell proliferation in the brain, however, has not been examined. In the present study, exercise for 1 week increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase immunoreactivity in the microvessels of the dentate gyrus. In addition, blocking endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity (via a daily injection of 20 mg/kg L-nitroimidazole ornithine) during exercise reduced the number of cells within the dentate gyrus that were immunoreactive for Ki-67 protein and doublecortin. This study provides the first evidence that endothelial nitric oxide synthase upregulation may modulate exercise-induced granule cell proliferation within the dentate gyrus.
문민호(Minho Moon),박찬(Chan Park) 대한해부학회 2006 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.39 No.1
본 연구는 신경세포재생이 증가하는 자발적인 달리기 운동중에 연접 후 신호전달 분자인 post synaptic density-95 (PSD-95)와 neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)의 변화를 면역조직화학을 이용하여 관찰하였다. 6주간의 운동조건에서 약 2주에 달리기 운동의 정도가 안정화되었다. 치아이랑의 과립세포의 분화를 관찰하기 위하여 phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (pCREB)와 polysialylated-neural cell adhesion molecules (PSA-NCAM)에 대한 면역조직화학을 시행하여, 1주와 2주 자발적인 운동군에서 과립세포의 분화가 증가하고 있음을 관찰하였다. 또한 6주 자발적인 운동군에서는 증가한 과립세포의 분화 양상이 대조군의 수준으로 감소하였다. 한편, PSD-95와 nNOS에 대한 면역염색성은 1주와 2주 자발적인 운동군에서는 치아이랑의 속분자층에서 감소하는 양상을 보였으며, 6주 자발적인 운동군에서는 대조군의 정도로 증가하였다. 속분자층의 nNOS의 발현 변화를 확인하기 위하여 nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-diaphorase)의 활성을 측정한 결과, nNOS의 발현양상과 같은 변화를 보였다. 이상의 결과는 운동에 의해 연접 후 신호전달 분자의 감소가 유도되며, 이는 운동에 의한 과립세포의 분화의 양상과 시간적 상관 관계가 있음을 보여준다. Here, we investigated the temporal change of post synapse signaling molecules, post synaptic density-95 (PSD-95) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) using immunohistochemistry during voluntary running with upregulated neurogenesis. Rate of running was stabilized after two weeks of the six week trial. By using immunohistochemsitry for phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (pCREB) and polysialylatedneural cell adhesion molecules (PSA-NCAM), we observed that the differentiation in dentate granule cells of adult mouse hippocampus increased at 1 and 2 weeks of voluntary running. We found that, at 6 weeks of voluntary running, the differentiation in dentate granule cells of adult mouse hippocampus returned to sedentary control levels. On the other hand, PSD-95 and nNOS immunoreactivity decreased in the inner molecular layer in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus after 1 and 2 weeks of voluntary running. At 6 weeks of voluntary running, the density of the PSD-95 and nNOS in the inner molecular layer was returned to the sedentary control level. The reactivity of nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH-diaphorase), the marker of nitric oxide synthase activity, confirmed the change of nNOS in the inner molecular layer during voluntary running. These results demonstrate that the differentiation and the synaptic activity of granule cells during voluntary running are changed reciprocally once the rate of running has stabilized. These granule cell changes during voluntary running suggest an adaptation response to the new environment.
자발적인 운동 중에 생쥐 뇌의 해마 치아이랑에서의 calbindin-D28k 면역염색성의 시간적 변화
문민호(Minho Moon),정주원(Joo-Won Jeong),허영범(Youngbuhm Huh),김정혜(Junghye Kim),안희경(Heekyung Ahn),박 찬(Chan Park) 대한해부학회 2006 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.39 No.2
자발적인 운동은 성체의 해마 (hippocampus) 내 치아이랑 (dentate gyrus)에서 신경세포생성(neurogenesis)의 급격한 증가를 유발한다. 본 연구에서는 자발적인 운동에 의해 유도되는 치아이랑의 신경세포생성의 증가에 따른 기존 과립세포의 활성 변화를 calbindin-D28k에 대한 면역조직화학법을 이용하여 관찰하였다. 먼저 운동 중에 변화하는 치아이랑의 신경줄기세포의 분열과 분화의 양상을 관찰하기 위하여 Ki-67과 doublecortin에 대한 면역염색을 시행하였다. 그 결과 Ki-67에 염색된 세포의 수는 1주 운동군에서 가장 많았고 6주 운동군에서는 1주 운동군에 비하여 감소하였으나, 대조군에 비하여 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 새로 형성된 과립세포를 보여주는 doublecortin에 대한 염색성은 1주 운동군에서 증가하고 6주 운동군에서는 1주 운동군에 비하여 감소하였다. 또한 치아이랑과 CA3 영역을 연결하는 mossy fiber에 염색된 doublecortin의 염색성도 1주 운동군에서 가장 높았다. 이는 운동에 의하여 새로운 과립세포의 형성이 운동 초기에 많이 일어나고 있음을 보여준다. 성숙한 과립세포의 활성을 보여주는 calbindin-D28k의 치아이랑의 과립세포층에서의 염색성은 1주 운동군에서 유의한 감소를 나타냈으며, 6주 운동군에서는 대조군의 염색정도로 회복하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 CA3 영역에서의 calbindin-D28k의 염색성도 운동 1주군에서 감소하였다. 이상의 결과는 운동에 의한 새로운 신경과립세포의 유입의 변화 양상과 기존 신경과립세포의 활성의 변화가 시기적으로 연관성이 있음을 보여준다. Voluntary running is known to dramatically increase the cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult mouse hippocampus. However, it is crucial to realize that adding excitatory neurons could result in serious maladaptive outcomes for hippocampal circuit function. To investigate the response of mature granule cells on the increase of cell proliferation during voluntary running, we investigated the temporal change of calbindin-D28k (a marker for mature granule cells) using immunohistochemistry during voluntary running with upregulated neurogenesis. By using immunohistochemsitry for Ki-67 and doublecortin (DCX), we observed that the cell proliferation and differentiation of granule cells increased at 1 week of voluntary running. We found that, at 6 weeks of voluntary running, the cell proliferation and differentiation of granule cells returned to sedentary control levels. On the other hand, calbindin-D28k immunoreactivity decreased in the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus and CA3 region of hippocampus after 1 week of voluntary running. At 6 weeks of voluntary running, the density of the calbindin-D28k in the granular cell layer and CA3 region was returned to the sedentary control level. These results demonstrate that the cell proliferation and differentiation are increased at early point of voluntary running, and the granule cell activity in the dentate gyrus is temporally changed for response to the increase of cell proliferation and differentiation during voluntary running.
Cha, Moon‐,Yong,Kwon, Yoo‐,Wook,Ahn, Hyo‐,Suk,Jeong, Hyobin,Lee, Yong Yook,Moon, Minho,Baik, Sung Hoon,Kim, Dong Kyu,Song, Hyundong,Yi, Eugene C.,Hwang, Daehee,Kim, Hyo‐,Soo,Mo John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017 Stem cells translational medicine Vol.6 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Transplantation of stem cells into the brain attenuates functional deficits in the central nervous system via cell replacement, the release of specific neurotransmitters, and the production of neurotrophic factors. To identify patient‐specific and safe stem cells for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD), we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from mouse skin fibroblasts by treating protein extracts of embryonic stem cells. These reprogrammed cells were pluripotent but nontumorigenic. Here, we report that protein‐iPSCs differentiated into glial cells and decreased plaque depositions in the 5XFAD transgenic AD mouse model. We also found that transplanted protein‐iPSCs mitigated the cognitive dysfunction observed in these mice. Proteomic analysis revealed that oligodendrocyte‐related genes were upregulated in brains injected with protein‐iPSCs, providing new insights into the potential function of protein‐iPSCs. Taken together, our data indicate that protein‐iPSCs might be a promising therapeutic approach for AD. S<SMALL>TEM</SMALL> C<SMALL>ELLS</SMALL> T<SMALL>RANSLATIONAL</SMALL> M<SMALL>EDICINE</SMALL><I>2017;6:293–305</I></P>
New Virulence Factors of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 in Dairy Food Processing
Moon, Yong-Il,Oh, Sangnam,Park, Mi Ri,Son, Seok Jun,Go, Gwang-woong,Song, Minho,Oh, Sejong,Kim, Sae Hun,Kim, Younghoon Korean Society of Dairy Science and Biotechnology 2015 한국유가공기술과학회지 Vol.33 No.1
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is well-characterized as an important food-borne pathogen worldwide and causes human diseases such as diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) by producing shiga-like toxin (Stx). It has been reported that a number of dairy foods, including cheese, can act as the source of EHEC O157:H7 infections. In addition to the toxicity of Stx, recently it has been indicated that EHEC O157:H7 possesses virulence factors related to attachment, quorum sensing, and biofilms. Moreover, these novel virulence factors might become critical points to be considered in the future production of food derived from animals. Here, we review the evidences that support these insights on new virulence factors and discuss the potential mechanisms mediating the pathogenesis of EHEC O157:H7 in the dairy food industry.