약물의 폐 전달을 위한 염화 벤제토늄 기반 리포좀의 제조 및 평가

문용현, 유소열, 안지선, 이한솔, 김혜림, 이은주, 이재영 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2021 藥學論文集 Vol.36 No.-

Benzethonium chloride-containing egg phosphatidylcholine-based liposomes (BC/EPC-LIPOs) were developed for lung-targeted drug delivery. BC/EPC-LIPOs were fabricated via thin-film hydration method with various BC-to-EPC molar ratios of 1:4 (F1), 1:1 (F2), and 4:1 (F3). Cyanine5.5 (Cy5.5) was loaded as a fluorescent probe for the biodistribution study during the film-forming step. BC/EPC-LIPOs were evaluated by using dynamic light scattering analysis, where the mean diameter and zeta-potential values of F1, F2, and F3 were observed to be 69.5 ± 3.1 nm and 50.06 ± 1.00 mV, 59.0 ± 2.3 nm and 51.30 ± 2.98 mV, and 694.2 ± 243.3 nm and 55.01 ± 3.16 mV, respectively. To evaluate the lung distribution efficiency of the developed liposomes, F1 and F2, which possess suitable particle sizes for the intravenous administration, were injected into the tail vein of ICR mice. At 6 h post-injection, the lung, liver, kidney, heart, spleen, and brain were dissected, and the radiant efficiency (RE) values of the or- gans were measured using the near-infrared fluorescence imaging method. The lung RE value of F2 was 1.69-fold higher than that of F1, indicating a more efficient lung targetability of F2. This phenomenon can be attributed to the higher content of BC in F2 than F1. Considering the lung-targetability, as well as the biocompatible natures of BC and EPC, the developed BC/EPC-LIPOs can be used as an efficient lung-targeted drug delivery system.

경사진 트레드밀에서 후방보행운동을 통한 넙다리네갈래근 강화와 요통의 관계

박주완,김경,김형욱,김재우,배솔희,서정표,이정구,정하영 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2010 再活科學硏究 Vol.28 No.1

목적: 본 연구에서는 경사진 트레드밀에서의 후방 보행 훈련을 통한 넙다리네갈래근의 강화가 요통 환자의 치료에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상: 만성 요통을 호소하는 16명의 환자를 대상으로 연구를 실시 하였다. 방법: 트레드밀을 10° 경사로 맞춰놓은 상태에서 대상자들은 하루 20분, 일주일에 3회의 빈도로 2주 동안 훈련을 하였다. 표면 근전도를 가지고 넓다리 곧은근, 안쪽 넓은근, 가쪽 넓은근, 척추 세움근의 %MVIC를 측정하였고, KODI와 VAS를 통해 대상자들의 통증정도를 측정하였다. 결과: 넓다리 곧은근은 훈련전에 비해 훈련을 하고 난 후 상대적으로 높은 근전도를 보였고, 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<.05). 안쪽 넓은근과 가쪽 넓은근 또한 높은 근전도율을 보였지만 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 척추 세움근은 훈련전에 비해 훈련을 하고 난 후 높은 근전도율을 보여주었고, 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<.05). VAS와 KODI의 평균값은 명백하게 감소되었고, 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<.05). 결론: 이상의 결론을 종합하면, 후방보행을 통한 넙다리네갈래근의 강화는 요통의 감소에 효과적이라고 사료되며, 더불어 넙다리네갈래근으로 접근하여 요통을 경감하는 중재방법이 효과적인 치료 방법이 될 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. Purpose: This study was to investigate the influence of strengthening the Quadriceps femoris through backward walking treadmill training in the patients who have lower back pain. Subjects: Sixteen subjects with chronic lower back pain were included. Method: In the training, the treadmill was set to have a inclination of 10 degrees, and the subjects were trained for 20 minutes a day, 3 times a week, for 2 weeks. %MVIC(muscle power) of rectus femoris, vastus medialis oblique, vastus lateralis and erctor spinae were measured with surface EMG, and KODI and VAS were used to measure the subject's level of pain. Results: Quadriceps femoris showed relatively higher average electromyogram rates than that before training(p<.05). Vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis also showed higher average electromyogram rates, but no significant change in them was noted. Erector spinae showed higher average electromyogram rates than that before training(p<.05). The average points of VAS and KODI clearly decreased(p<.05). Conclusion: Strengthening Quadriceps femoris seems to be efficient for relieving lower back pain in this study.

사무직 근로자의 수면의 질 및 직무스트레스와 우울과의 관련성

강미나,강수영,권수정,김현주,배재원,이보연,이예진,임의롬,정다영,조한솔 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2013 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.47

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the degree of depression, sleep quality, job stress and their association among office workers. Method: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 147 workers employed in 5 big enterprises, and 5 small and medium enterprises from October 21 to November 21, 2012. The questionnaires included socio-demographic and health-related characteristics, job-related characteristics, sleep quality, job stress (KOSS) and depression (CES-D). Result: Among all subjects, 23.1% was in the depression group (21 points and over in the CES-D score). Depressive level was positively correlated with job stress and quality of sleep. The adjusted odd ratio for the effects of sleep quality and job stress on depression significantly increased in the depression group compared to that of the normal group. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the following factors of influence had combined explanatory powers on depression: BMI, life satisfaction, quality of sleep, and job stress. Conclusion: The study revealed that complicated influences were exerted on the level of depression by variable factors, as well as socio-demographic characteristics, health-related characteristics, quality of sleep, and job stress. Specifically, the level of depression was influenced by the quality of sleep and job stress.

급성 대동맥 박리로 내원한 환자에서 발견된 갈색세포종의 1예

이솔재 ( Sol-jae Lee ),장호준 ( Ho-jun Jang ),이용훈 ( Yong-hoon Lee ),이정은 ( Jung-eun Lee ),이유창 ( Yu-chang Lee ) 대한내과학회 2017 대한내과학회지 Vol.92 No.3

본 증례에서는 급성 대동맥 박리에 대한 스텐트 시술을 시행한 이후 갈색세포종이 발견되어 수술적 치료를 진행하였고, 그 결과 혈역학적 안정이 확보됨과 함께 증상이 회복 되었다. 갈색세포종과 대동맥 박리가 동반되는 경우는 드물어 진단이 어렵고 치료 지침도 정립되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 따라서 대동맥 박리 환자에서 갈색세포종을 배제하기 위한 적극적인 노력이 필요하다 판단된다. Pheochromocytomas are neoplasms of the adrenal gland that are derived from chromaffin cells. One of the most important features of this tumor is that it can synthesize and release catecholamines such as norepinephrine and epinephrine. Due to this, arterial hypertension is one of the most common manifestations of the tumor. Although arterial hypertension is a substantial risk factor for aortic dissection, aortic dissection is actually a rare manifestation of pheochromocytoma. Here, we report a patient with pheochromocytoma who presented with acute type B aortic dissection. (Korean J Med 2017;92:286-290)

Unilateral Multifocal Type 2 Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma in Adolescence. A Case Report

Sol Yoon(윤솔),Jae Hwi Choi(최재휘),Sin Woo Lee(이신우),Seong Uk Jeh(제성욱),Jeong Seok Hwa(화정석),Jae Seog Hyun(현재석),Ky Hyun Chung(정기현),Hyun Oh Park(박현오),Jong Sil Lee(이종실),See Min Choi(최세민) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2019 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.17 No.1

Papillary renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) can be classified into 2 subtypes (types 1 and 2), depending on their characteristic cytogenetics, immunostaining profiles, and gene-expression profiles. Compared with type 1 papillary RCCs, type 2 papillary RCCs are relatively rare and show more aggressive features. For those reasons, they are associated with a worse prognosis. A 13-year-old patient was admitted to the hospital with right kidney mass. A laparoscopic radical nephrectomy was performed, and results of the histopathologic examination confirmed it to be type 2 papillary RCC. Type 2 papillary RCCs are rarely found in unilateral and multifocal forms, especially in adolescence. Here, we report the unique case of papillary RCC at a young age.

Three species of the genus Yponomeuta Latreille, [1796] (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae) new to Korea

Sol-Moon Na,Dong-June Lee,Jae-Ho Ko,Tak-gi Lee,Hyung-Kyu Kim,Yeong-bin Cha,Chang-Mun Jang,Yang-Seop Bae 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.04

The genus Yponomeuta Latreille belongs to the family Yponomeutidae, with over 75 described species worldwide. This genus is distributed mainly in the Palaearctic Region, comprising 42 species. In Korea, a total of 16 species have been reported from Korea. This genus is reported by Park (1983), with seven species in Illustrated Flora & Fauna of Korea Vol. 27. Bae & Byun (2003) reported four newly recorded species of this genus: Yponomeuta kanaiella, Y. montanatus, Y. sociatus, and Y. yanagawanus. Byun (2009) listed a Korean Micro-Lepidoptera, recording 12 Yponomeuta species, with a newly recorded species Y. solitariellus. Sohn et al. (2010) and Lee & Park (2016) added two species: Y. anatolicus and Y. cinefacta. In the present study, we reported three newly recorded species of Yponomeuta, including adults and genital photographs, host plants, distribution and short descriptions.

Retrograde-Mask Processed Polysilicon TFT for High Performance, Planar Structure, and Stable Operation

Jae Hyo Park,Hyung Yoon Kim,Ki Hwan Seok,Kiaee, Zohreh,Sol Kyu Lee,Hee Jae Chae,Yong Hee Lee,Jae Ho Lee,Seung Ki Joo IEEE 2015 IEEE electron device letters Vol.36 No.8

<P>We fabricated polysilicon thin-film transistors (TFTs) using a retrograde-mask process (RMP) showing high electrical performance, planar geometry, and stable driving characteristics. The electrical performance of RMP polysilicon TFT was compared with conventional metal-induced laterally crystallized (MILC) polysilicon TFTs. The fabrication process changed the masking steps of the conventional pattern, but did not require an additional mask. It was found that the conventional MILC poly-Si TFT typically showed a hump current, and had a serious reliability problem due to the NiSi<SUB>2</SUB> contamination at the corner edges and geometry effect. One the other hand, an RMP poly-Si TFT improved the hump and the TFT's reliability due to the absent of NiSi<SUB>2</SUB> at the edges and the large effective channel length and width.</P>

The protective role of multixenobiotic resistance (MXR)-mediated ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in biocides-exposed rotifer <i>Brachionus koreanus</i>

Lee, Young Hwan,Kang, Hye-Min,Kim, Min-Sub,Lee, Jin-Sol,Jeong, Chang-Bum,Lee, Jae-Seong Elsevier 2018 Aquatic toxicology Vol.195 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) are ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters that confer multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) via their efflux activity, which enables a variety of xenobiotics to be expelled from cells. MXR has been proposed as the first line of defense against xenobiotics. In this study, the protective roles of P-gp and MRP in the rotifer <I>Brachionus koreanus</I> were examined in response to four biocides (alachlor, chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, and molinate) using fluorescent substrates and inhibitors specific to P-gp and MRP. Exposure of rotifers to the four biocides resulted in increased P-gp and MRP activity. Moreover, the rotifers became more sensitive to the biocides with a reduced tendency in survival and slower population growth rates, when P-gp or MRP was inhibited. These findings suggest that P-gp and MRP are involved in the defense system in response to biocide exposure. Furthermore, the transcriptional levels of the genes encoding P-gp and MRP were examined to uncover the mechanism by which MXR is regulated. Our results demonstrate a crucial role of the MXR efflux system in the defense response to biocides, thereby providing a better understanding of rotifer defense mechanisms on the molecular level.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Conserved function of P-gp and MRP in the rotifer <I>B. koreanus</I> was verified. </LI> <LI> Inhibitory effects of P-gp and MRP were investigated in response to biocide exposures. </LI> <LI> This study provides a better understanding of synergistic toxicity of environmental pollutants. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Effects of Fused Thiophene Bridges in Organic Semiconductors for Solution-Processed Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells

Lee, Jae Kwan,Lee, Sol,Yun, Suk Jin Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.7

Three push-pull organic semiconductors, TPA-$Th_3$-MMN (1), TPA-ThTT-MMN (2), and TPA-ThDTT-MMN (3), comprising a triphenylamine donor and a methylene malononitrile acceptor linked by various ${\pi}$-conjugated thiophene units were synthesized, and the effects of the ${\pi}$-conjugated bridging unit on the photovoltaic characteristics of solution-processed small-molecule organic solar cells based on these semiconductors were investigated. Planar bridging units with extended ${\pi}$-conjugation effectively facilitated intermolecular ${\pi}-{\pi}$ packing interactions in the solid state, resulting in enhanced $J_{sc}$ values of the SMOSCs fabricated with bulk heterojunction films.

Reusable Polybenzimidazole Nanofiber Membrane Filter for Highly Breathable PM_2.5 Dust Proof Mask

Lee, Sol,Cho, A Ra,Park, Daehoon,Kim, Jae Kyeom,Han, Kyung Seok,Yoon, Ick-Jae,Lee, Min Hyung,Nah, Junghyo American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.3

<P>Ultrafine particulate matters (PMs) are an imminent threat to the human respiratory system, as their sizes are comparable to and even smaller than human tissues. To cope with this situation, researchers have developed and commercialized various personal dust proof masks. However, because of the relatively thick filter membrane to guarantee filtering efficiency, a huge pressure drop across the active filter layer is inevitable and breathing through it becomes uncomfortable. In this work, we investigated the performance of electrospun polybenzimidazole (PBI) nanofiber membrane filters that can potentially be used for dust proof masks or other high-performance filters. Thanks to its high dipole moment (6.12) as confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculation, the surface potential of the PBI nanofiber air filter, measured by KPFM, was higher than that of other commercially available mask filters. The filter developed in this work provides high PM filtering efficiency of ∼98.5% at much reduced pressure drop (130 Pa) in comparison to those used in commercially available masks (386 Pa) with similar filtering efficiencies. Consequently, an approximately 3-fold higher quality factor (∼0.032), evaluated for PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>, in comparison to that of commercial ones (∼0.011) was achieved by using PBI nanofiber. Furthermore, we developed a cleaning method effective for the filter contaminated by both inorganic and organic PMs. Even after several cycles of cleaning, the PBI filter membrane demonstrated negligible damage and retained its original performance because of its mechanical, thermal, and chemical durability.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>