저장 기간에 따른 사과의 품질특성과 항산화 활성 변화

진소연,심기현,이은지,구혜진,김명현,한영실,박정수,김용훈,Jin, So-Yeon,Sim, Ki Hyeon,Lee, Eun Ji,Gu, Hae Jin,Kim, Myung Hyun,Han, Young Sil,Park, Jung Su,Kim, Yong-Hoon 한국식품영양학회 2014 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.27 No.6

$20^{\circ}C$에서 15일 동안 저장기간별 사과의 변화를 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. 사과의 중량과 수분은 저장기간 경과에 따라 점차적으로 감소하는 결과를 보였으며, 사과의 저장 중 가용성 고형물 함량은 저장 4일차까지 최고치로 증가하였다가 서서히 낮아지는 경향을 나타냈다. 사과의 저장 중 유기산 산도는 저장 5일차에 급격히 감소하다가 완만히 감소하였으며, pH는 저장기간에 따라 완만히 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 저장 중 사과 껍질의 색상을 측정한 결과, L값은 저장기간에 따라 서서히 증가하였으며, a값은 저장 3일까지 감소하였고, 저장 5일에 증가되었다가 그 이후 점진적으로 감소하였다. b값은 저장 6일에 최저치를 보인 후 서서히 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 사과의 조직감을 측정한 결과, 저장기간이 증가됨에 따라 사과의 경도는 전반적으로 감소하였다. 저장 기간에 따른 사과의 총 페놀과 총 플라보노이드 함량을 측정한 결과, 총 페놀 함량은 저장 기간이 길어질수록 감소하는 경향이 나타났으며, 저장 3일차에서 저장 4일차에 큰 폭 감소하였다. 총 플라보노이드의 변화 결과, 1일차에 비교적 크게 감소하였고, 실험 7일차에서 8일차 사이에 급격히 감소하였다. 저장 기간에 따른 사과의 DPPH 전자공여능 측정결과, 저장기간이 증가할수록 DPPH 전자공여능은 감소하였으며, Vit. C 함량의 경우 저장 기간이 길어질수록 감소하였는데, 특히 저장 4일차에 비교적 크게 감소하였다. 사과의 관능평가 수행 결과, 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 외관의 좋은 정도는 0일차에 6.75에서 15일차 2.83으로 크게 감소하였으며, 신맛의 좋은 정도는 저장 기간에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 전반적으로 감소하는 경향이었다. 단맛의 좋은 정도와 아삭함의 좋은 정도에서는 0일차에 각 6.25, 5.33으로 가장 높았으며, 15일차에 각 3.92, 2.83으로 유의적으로 감소하였다. 종합적인 기호도에서는 7일차와 8일차 사이에 5.00에서 3.50으로 비교적 큰 폭 감소하였으며, 15일차에 2.00으로 저장 기간에 지남에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였다. 이상의 실험결과, 사과 저장 시 3~4일차에 유의적인 차이를 보였으며, 저장 8일 이후에는 모든 항목에 있어 측정감이 크게 변화하는 경향을 나타내었다. 따라서 $0{\sim}1^{\circ}C$에서 장기 저장한 사과를 $20^{\circ}C$ 전후에서 저장 및 판매할 경우, 최고의 품질을 위해서는 3일 내에 판매할 것을 권장하며, 8일 이내에 재고를 소진할 수 있도록 유통 기간을 조정하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 사료된다. This study was performed in order to compare the changes in Korean apples' qualities and antioxidant activity when stored at room temperature, $20^{\circ}C$, for fifteen days. The results showed that the weight, moisture content, soluble solid content, acidity, and hardness levels decreased as the storage period increased. However, pH and color value L increased as the storage period increased. Total phenol contents, total flavonoids contents, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, and vit. C contents of apples significantly decreased with increased storage period. Sensory parameters, such as appearance, sweetness, sourness, crunchiness, and overall acceptability of apples, also decreased as the storage period increased. Based on these results, if, the apple are being stored around $20^{\circ}C$, then, to have the highest quality, the apples should be sold within three days, We also suggested that it is desirable not to store the apples fore more than eight days.

온라인 강의에서 내용제시유형이 인지적 실재감과 학습효과에 미치는 영향

강명희 ( Myung Hee Kang ),구한나 ( Han Na Gu ),문소영 ( So Young Moon ),정지윤 ( Ji Yoon Jung ),김지심 ( Ji Sim Kim ) 한국교육정보미디어학회(구 한국교육정보방송학회) 2007 교육정보미디어연구 Vol.13 No.4

본 연구는 온라인 강의의 효과적인 설계 전략을 제시하기 위하여, 내용제시 유형을 동영상, 나레이션 그리고 텍스트로 제공하여 이에 따른 인지적 실재감과 학습효과의 차이를 규명하고자 하였다. 온라인 강의를 6주 동안 수강한 94명의 성인학습자를 대상으로 내용제시유형에 따른 인지적 실재감과 성취도, 만족도로 나타난 학습효과의 차이를 분석한 결과, 내용제시유형에 따라 인지적 실재감은 학습활동과 학습관리 측면에서 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 동영상 유형이 가장 높은 인지적 실재감을 창출한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 지각된 성취도와 학업성취도로 측정된 성취도는 내용제시유형의 영향을 받는 것으로 분석되었으며, 나레이션 유형이 지각된 성취도에서 가장 높은 점수를, 텍스트 유형이 학업성취도에서 가장 낮은 점수를 낸 것으로 분석되었다. 마지막으로, 만족도 역시 제시유형에 따라 유의미한 차이를 보였고, 만족도 점수는 동영상이 가장 높았으며, 다음으로 나레이션, 텍스트 순이었다. The purpose of this study is to investigate learning effects by tutor delivery modes in online lectures for effective design strategies using multimedia. In order to examine he learning effects depending on tutor delivery modes, three types of web-based contents were designed and developed. The participants of this study were 94 undergraduates who was enrolled in an online course. They were randomly assigned to three groups and each group was given with different delivery modes of learning content. For six weeks, the delivery modes of each group were changed after every other two weeks. To prevent order effect caused by repeated measurements, latin square design was employed. Learning effects by tutor delivery modes was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicate that participants in video-based tutor mode demonstrated highest cognitive presence and satisfaction, followed by the narration-based tutor mode, and the character-based tutor mode; participants in the narration-based tutor mode showed higher perceived achievement than those in other modes; participants in the character-based tutor mode showed higher academic achievement than those in other modes. In conclusion, this study will contribute to provide more certain answers about the correlation between multimedia design strategies and its effectiveness. Furthermore, in an online learning environment, cognitive presence has an influence on deep learning, facilitating engagement to learning. In addition, the results of this study suggest design strategies to enhance cognitive presence. Further research is at stake to examine the effect of multimedia design strategies regarding its relationship with other factors in the entire learning process.

Prednisolone- and sirolimus-eluting stent: Anti-inflammatory approach for inhibiting in-stent restenosis

Lee, So-Youn,Bae, In-Ho,Sung Park, Dae,Jang, Eun-Jae,Shim, Jae-Won,Lim, Kyung-Seob,Park, Jun-Kyu,Sim, Doo Sun,Jeong, Myung Ho SAGE Publications 2016 Journal of biomaterials applications Vol.31 No.1

<P>Glucocorticoids are powerful anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and anti-proliferative agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a prednisolone- (PDScs) and sirolimus-coated stent (SRLcs) in preventing artery vessel neointimal hyperplasia and inflammatory reactions invitro and invivo. PDS, a synthetic glucocorticoid, is a derivative of cortisol, which is used to treat a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. The stents were fabricated with PDS, SRL, or both agents using a layer-by-layer coating system (designated as PDScs, SRLcs, and PDSRLcs, respectively). The surface morphology of the PDScs showed an evenly dispersed and roughened shape, which was smoothened by the SRL coating. Half of the total drug amounts were released within seven days, followed by an additional release, which continued for up to 28 days. The proliferation of smooth muscle cells was inhibited in the SRLcs group (31.5 +/- 4.08%), and this effect was enhanced by PDS addition (PDSRLcs, 46.8 +/- 8.11%). Consistently, in the animal study, the restenosis rate was inhibited by the SRLcs and PDSRLcs (18.5 +/- 6.23% and 14.5 +/- 3.55%, respectively). Especially, fibrin expression and inflammation were suppressed in the PDS-containing group (PDScs, 0.6 +/- 0.12 and 1.4 +/- 0.33; PDSRLcs, 0.7 +/- 0.48 and 1.7 +/- 0.12, respectively) compared to PDS non-containing groups (BMS, 1.1 +/- 0.12, and 1.8 +/- 0.55; SRLcs, 1.6 +/- 0.32 and 2.0 +/- 0.62, respectively). Moreover, re-endothelialization was enhanced in the PDScs group as determined using immunohistochemistry with a cluster of differentiation (CD)-31 antibodies. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of SRLcs on anti-restenosis can be accelerated by additional coating with PDS, which has promising properties as a bioactive compound with useful anti-inflammatory effects.</P>

수부다한증에서 제3흉부교감신경 절단술 후 양수족부의 피부온도 변화

최인철,이소영,조명원,김태엽,박승일,심지연,박준형 대한마취과학회 1999 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.37 No.4

Background : Recently a report was published about the cross-inhibitory effect of post ganglionic neuron between upper extremities. We tried to find the existence of the same effect in all extremities by comparing the changes of skin temperature (ST) of all extremities during and after sympathicotomy for palmar hyperhidrosis. Methods : Twenty patients with palmar hyperhydrosis underwent bilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathicomy. Right side T3 sympathicotomy was performed first, then left side T3 sympathicotomy was done. The ST of both hands and feet were compared with the ST before the surgery at 2, 4, 6, 10 minutes after first (right) sympathicotomy, 10 minutes after second (left) sympathicotomy and 4 hours after both sympathicotomy in the post anesthetic care unit (PACU) of our one-day surgery center. Results : At 10 minutes after completion of first (right) sympathicotomy, ipsilateral increase of the ST (right hand, 2.73 ± 2.01oC) and contralateral decrease of the ST (left hand, - 0.65 ± 08oC) were observed (P < 0.05). After the second (left) sympathicotomy was done, the ST of both feet decreased (right, - 1.24 ± 0.81oC and left, - 1.31± 0.77oC, P < 0.05) and the ST of both hands increased (right, 3.34 ± 2.40oC and left, 2.11± 1.91oC, P < 0.05). There were increases of the ST in both hands (right, 4.93 ± 2.51oC and left, 4.63 ± 2.19oC) and decreases of the ST in both feet (right, - 3.38 ± 1.85oC and left, - 3.09 ± 2.03oC, P < 0.05) in the PACU. Conclusions: There may be a cross-inhibitory effect by the post ganglionic neurons innervating the blood vessels of the all extremities. Sympathicotomy causes the relief of the cross-inhibitory effect and result in vasoconstriction and a decrease of ST of contralateral hand and both feet. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1999; 37: 637∼642)

<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> evaluation of a novel polymer-free everolimus-eluting stent by nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide film deposition

Park, Dae Sung,Bae, In-Ho,Jeong, Myung Ho,Lim, Kyung Seob,Sim, Doo Sun,Hong, Young Joon,Lee, So-Youn,Jang, Eun Jae,Shim, Jae-Won,Park, Jun-Kyu,Lim, Han Chul,Kim, Han Byul Elsevier 2018 Materials Science and Engineering C Vol.91 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Inflammation and thrombosis are linked to the use of polymer-based drug-eluting stents (DES). The aim of this study was to develop a polymer-free everolimus (EVL)-eluting stent using nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) and verify its efficacy by <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> assessment in a porcine coronary model. Various analytical approaches such as scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, electron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and contact angle measurement were employed for the characterization. As a part of biocompatibility assessment, platelet adhesion and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation were examined. Bare metal stent (BMS), N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> stent, everolimus-eluting N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL) stent, and commercialized EVL-eluting stent (EES) were randomly placed in forty coronary arteries in twenty pigs. After four weeks of implantation, the stents were subjected to histological and quantitative analysis. The N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film used in this study was well coated without any cracks or peeling. Surface hydrophilicity (88.8% of angle decrement) could be associated with the decrease in surface roughness post N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> deposition (37.0%). The platelet adhesion on the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surfaces was less than that on the BMS surface. The proliferation of SMC was suppressed in the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL group (30.2%) but not in the BMS group. In the animal study, the percent area restenosis was significantly decreased in the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL group compared to that in the BMS group. The results (BMS; 47.0 ± 11.00%, N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL; 31.7 ± 10.50%, and EES; 29.1 ± 11.21%, <I>n</I> = 10, <I>p</I> < 0.05) were almost at par with those of the commercialized EVL-eluting stent. The introduction of N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> deposition during fabrication of polymer-free DES may be an efficient accessorial process for preventing in-stent restenosis and thrombosis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surfaces can help to reduce the platelet adhesion. </LI> <LI> In porcine model, N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> everolimus decreased in-stent restenosis and fibrin deposition. </LI> </UL> </P>

닭에서 분리된 methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci의 동정 및 staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec(SCCmec) type

공신국 ( Shin Koog Kong ),육심용 ( Sim Yong Yook ),이건택 ( Geon Taek Lee ),김소연 ( So Yeon Kim ),홍영운 ( Young Un Hong ),정윤택 ( Yoon Taek Jung ),이정화 ( Jung Hwa Lee ),김희정 ( Hee Jeong Kim ),황수명 ( Soo Myung Hwang ),장 한국가축위생학회 2010 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.33 No.3

Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS) were isolated from the respiratory sites of chickens in 4 farms and slaughter house located in Chungnam provinces. Isolation of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) was positive for 61 (26.6%) of the 229 chickens tested, and isolation of MRCNS was positive for 17 (27.9%) of the isolated CNS. A total of 17 MRCNS isolates were selected and subjected to identification. Of the 17 MRCNS isolates selected, 6 were identified as Staphylococcus cohnii, 2 as S. saprophyticus, 3 as S. simulans, 3 as S. lentus, 2 as S. carnosus, and 1 as S. xylosus. The MRCNS isolates were resistant to many beta-lactam antibiotics, and some isolates were also resistant to macrolide and aminoglycoside antibiotics. The mecA gene was detected in some isolates of each MRCNS strains. The mecA-positive isolates were classified into five staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). SCCmec types I to IV were detected in isolates from chickens.

해수산 rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis의 유성생식유도에 관한 염분 및 기사용 배양수의 효과

이균우(Lee, Kyun-Woo),심소명(Sim, So-Myung) 한국산학기술학회 2016 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.17 No.4

해수산 rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis의 내구란 대량생산을 위한 효과적인 유성생식자극요인을 구명하기 위해 염분 자극과 기사용배양수의 효과를 9일 동안 조사하였다. 각 염분에 노출된 후 모든 실험구에서 배양 3일째부터 유성생식률이 증가하기 시작했으며 이후 배양 4-5일째 이후 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 내구란은 10‰, 15‰, 20‰, 25‰ 실험구에서 배양 4일째에 출현하였으며 특히 20, 25‰ 실험구는 배양 6일째 수정률이 각각 33.3%와 31.3%로 다른 실험구에 비해 높게 나타났 다. 9일간 평균 유성생식률은 10‰와 20‰ 실험구에서 각각 25.3%와 20.2%로 높게 나타났다. 수정률은 25‰ 실험구에서 14.0%로 가장 높았다. 각 기사용배지농도에 노출된 후 모든 실험구의 유성생식률은 염분실험결과와 유사한 경향을 보였고 내구란은 0%과 25% 기사용배지에 노출되었을 때 만 출현하였다. 평균수정률은 모든 실험구가 차이를 보이지 않은 반면, 유성생식률은 25% 실험구가 22.3%로 대조구인 0%에 비해 높게 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 종합해보면, B. rotundiformis의 내구란 대량생산을 위한 효과적인 유성생식유발요인으로 기배양수자극보다 염분자극이 더 효과적이며 최적 염분은 비교적 높은 유성생식률과 수정률을 유도한 20-25‰로 판단된다. 본 연구결과는 차후 rotifer 내구란 대량생산을 위한 핵심적인 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study examined the effects of salinity and medium used on the induction of sexual reproduction for the mass production of the resting eggs in the marine rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis for 9 days. After exposure to various salinities, the mixis rate in all treatments began to increase on the third day and decreased after the 4th or 5th day. The resting eggs appeared on the 4th day at 10‰, 15‰, 20‰, 25‰. In particular, the fertilization rates with 33.3% and 31.3% at 20‰ and 25‰ on day 6 were higher than those of the others, respectively. Mean mixis rate for 9 day at 0‰ and 20‰ were the highest with 25.3% and 20.2%, respectively, and the fertilization rate (14.0%) at 25‰ was the highest. In the medium experiment used, the mixis rate in all treatments were similar to the results of the salinity experiment. The resting eggs were only found at 0% and 25% of the used medium treatments. While there were no significant differences in the mean fertilization rate of all treatments, the mean mixis rate (22.3%) in the 25% treatment was higher than that of the control (0% treatment). As a result, salt stress was more effective than using the used medium to induce sexual reproduction in B. rotundiformis. The optimal salinity was considered to be 20-25‰, which caused a high mixis and fertilization rate in the rotifer. These results provide basic data for the mass production of rotifer resting eggs.

제조방법에 따른 제호탕의 항산화 및 항당뇨 활성

정세현(Se Hyun Jeong),김순임(Sun Im Kim),심기현(Ki Hyun Sim),진소연(So Yeon Jin),김명현(Myung Hyun Kim) 한국조리학회 2012 한국조리학회지 Vol.18 No.5

Jehotang is a cold traditional Korean drink made with honey and several ingredients used in traditional Korean medicine. The ingredients include Fructus mume, Fructus amomi, Fructus tsaoko, Santalum album and honey. In this study, Jehotang and its ingredients were determined through the analysis of antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity. In addition, quality characteristics of Jehotang made by a traditional recipe(Yeonmil) and a modern recipe(double boiling and boiling) were also compared in terms of pH, color and sugar content. Total phenolic content of extract from Fructus ammomi was found to be 120.45 mg, and Yeonmil recipe was discovered 152.66 mg equivalent of gallic acid per g of extract. DPPH free radical scavenging activity were Feuctus amomi(93.13%) and Yeonmil recipe(56.44%). The Fructus amomi extract showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity(89.51%) at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity of boiled Jehotang were 52.38% and 72.52%, respectively. These results suggest that extract of Fructus amomi has an antioxidant activity and antidiabetic effects. Yeonmil recipe is useful for antioxidant effects more than the others. Also, the double boiling recipe has an excellent antidiabetic effect.

Effect of salinity and used medium on the induction of sexual reproduction in the rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis

Kyun-Woo Lee,Young-Ung Choi,Dae-Won Lee,So-Myung Sim,Yoon-Chil Kim 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2016 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.05

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