Pollen metabarcoding reveals the floral resources and niche overlap of honeybees in forest areas

Do Yuno,Park Woong‐Bae,Park Jun‐Kyu,Kim Chang‐Jun,Kim Il‐Kwon,Choi Moon Bo 한국곤충학회 2022 Entomological Research Vol.52 No.12

We investigated the floral resources of the honeybee (Apis mellifera)bypollenDNA metabarcoding as the first step in honeybee conservation. We attempted to identify as many floral resources and as wide resource availability as possible in areas and compared the richness of floral resources between forests and national parks. We found that both forest and national parks can sufficiently support honeybee floral resources; however, national parks were more stable habitats with more complex vegetation structure than those of forests. Also, honeybee’s preferences for floral resources were determined using niche breadth, niche overlap, and network analysis among the floral resources in forest areas. Quercus and Actinidia were the most frequently detected taxa of pollen resources in both forests and national parks by pollen metabarcoding. Even though we anticipated that more various pollen resource taxa would be found in national parks than forests, no differences in the number pollen resource taxa were detected between them. According to the niche overlap analysis result, the honeybee preferred the pollen resources in both forests and national parks, and the co-occurrence pattern analysis of pollen resource taxa in both forests and national parks showed a simple network. Altogether, our findings suggested that DNA metabarcoding of pollen collected by the honeybee can provide useful information on the flowering plants in a given area. As the use of floral pollen resources varies spatially and temporally, periodic monitoring of pollen resources can identify which pollen is required to maintain the health of honeybee colonies.

Post mortem insect colonization and body weight loss in rabbit carcasses

Park Jun‐Kyu,Kim Chang‐Jun,Do Yuno 한국곤충학회 2020 Entomological Research Vol.50 No.12

This study considers the impact of various treatments of rabbit carcasses on post mortem insect colonization and weight loss. A statistically accurate time for the change in carcass weight and insect access time was determined using time series analysis depending on different carcass treatments that determined insect access. The decomposition stage was relatively short. Fifteen freshly killed white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) weighing between 2.5 kg and 4.5 kg were used as animal models in this study. Three carcasses were treated in each of five ways: normal, burnt, wrapped, hung, and immersed. A total of thirteen insect species were attracted to normal, burnt, and hung carcasses. Insects were not collected from sealed and immersed carcasses. The normal and burnt carcasses had a higher number of species and abundance compared to hung carcasses. The present study found no difference in insect colonization in normal and burnt carcasses. The determination of the weight of remaining carcass was clearly divided into the insect‐accessible (i.e., normal, burnt, and hung carcasses) and insect‐inaccessible carcasses (i.e., sealed and immersed carcasses), although no difference was found in the decrease in the rate of the remaining carcass in insect‐inaccessible carcasses.

Effect of Impact Velocity on Interface Characteristics of HT‑9 Steel Joints Fabricated by Magnetic Pulse Welding

Jun‑Woo Song,Jin‑Ju Park,Gyoung‑Ja Lee,Min‑Ku Lee,Kyu‑Hyun Park,Soon‑Jik Hong,Jung Gu Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.3

The weldability window in magnetic pulse welding (MPW) is proposed for the end-closure joining of HT-9 steel tubularworkpieces. Based on both theoretical and experimental investigations, the impact velocity of the flyer tube at the momentof collision had a dominant effect on the bonding characteristics of the resultant joints and the optimal impact velocity wasestimated to be in the range of 265–290 m/s in this alloy system. Under the optimal process conditions, no leak was detectedduring helium leak testing. Moreover, the integrity of the joint interface was preserved until the tube section ruptured duringinternal pressure burst testing. For HT-9 steel, the ductile δ-ferrite phase produced by the localized interfacial melting duringMPW acted as an effective obstacle to crack propagation, thereby enhancing the fracture resistance of the joint interface. Allof the results demonstrated the high integrity and durability of the HT-9 steel tube assembly fabricated by the MPW process.

The effect of neuropeptides on secretion of Interleukin-8(IL-8)

Kim, Kyung-Jun,Park, Sang-Hyuk,Choi, Kyoung-Kyu,Park, Sang-Jin 大韓齒科保存學會 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.3

본 연구는 치수조직, 치은, 치주인대로부터 배양된 조직을 SP (Substance P)로 4시간, SP, CGRP (Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)로 8시간 자극 후 RNase Protection Assay를 시행하고, IL-8의 분비량을 측정해 다음 결과를 얻었다. 1. IL-8 mRNA는 모든세포에서 발현됐다. 2. IL-8 mRNA 발현은 SP (10^(-5)M)와 SP (10^(-8)M)로 4시간 자극 시 증가되지 않았다. 3. IL-8 mRNA 발현은 SP (10^(-4)M)와 CGRP (10^(-6)M)로 8시간 자극 시 증가되지 않았다. 4. TNF-α (2 ng/㎖) 자극 시, IL-8 mRNA 발현이 증가됐다. 5. 치은 세포를 CGRP (10^(-6)M)로 8시간 자극 시, IL-8 분비량이 증가했다 (p < 0.05). 6. 치주인대 세포를 SP (10^(-4)M)로 8시간 자극 시 IL-8 분비량이 증가했다 (p < 0.05). We investigated the secretion of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) from ginviva and periodontal ligament stimulated with Substance P (SP) and Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP). Gingiva (GF), periodontal ligament (PDLF) and pulp (PF) tissues were collected from extracted instact 3rd molars. Cultured cells were stimulated with different concentrations of SP for 4 hrs, and stimulated with SP, CGRP and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) for 8 hrs. Then RNase Protection Assay was carried out. ELISA was performed using supernatants of stimulated cells for quantitative analysis of IL-8. Results were assessed using supernatants of stimulated cells for quantitative analysis of IL-8. Results were assessed using student t-test with significance of P < 0.05. According to this study, the results were as follows: 1. IL-8 mRNA was detected in all type of cells studied (PF, GF and PDLF). 2. IL-8 mRNA expression was not increased after stimulating 4 hrs with SP (10^(-5)M) and SP (10^(-8)M) compared with Mock stimulation in all type of cells studied. 3. IL-8 mRNA expression was not increased after stimulating 8 hrs with SP (10^(-4)M) and CGRP (10^(-6)M) compared with Mock stimulation in all type of cells studied. 4. TNF-α (2 ng/㎖) increased the expression of IL-8 mRNA in all kind of cells studied. 5. The secretion of IL-8 from GF was increased 8 hrs after the stimulation with CGRP (10^(-6)M) (p < 0.05). 6. The secretion of IL-8 from PDLF was increased 8 hrs after the stimulation with SP (10^(-4)M) (p < 0.05). Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP) increased Interleukin-8 (IL-8) which plays an important role in chemotaxis of neutrophil in Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP) gingival tissue, whereas Substance P increased the secretion of IL-8 from periodontal ligament.

S-344 : The Role of Skeletal Muscle Mass in Development of Metabolic Syndrome

( Byung Sam Park ),( Jun Sung Moon ),( Ji Sung Yoon ),( Kyu Chang Won ),( Hyoung Woo Lee ) 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Introduction: It has been well known that abdominal adiposity is related with insulin resistance and greater risk of metabolic disorder. Skeletal muscle plays central role in insulin mediated glucose disposal of whole body, but we only know a little about the association between skeletal muscle mass and MetS (MetS). The aim of this study is to clarify the clinical role of skeletal muscle mass in developing MetS through using skeletal muscle parameters by body impedance analysis (BIA). Methods: 1,042 healthy adults aged from 20 to 75 years who visited Yeungnam university health promotion center from Jun. 2008 to Jun. 2010 were enrolled. 204 subjects who had prior MetS or chronic disease that can affect to skeletal muscle mass were excluded. After 24 months from baseline, the metabolic parameters were assessed and the development of MetS was diagnosed using modified NCEP-ATP III criteria. From the BIA (Inbody 720), we obtained skeletal muscle mass (SMM, Kg), body fat mass (BFM, Kg), and visceral fat area (VFA, cm2). Then, we had defined as follows; percent of skeletal muscle mass (SMM%, %): SMM (kg)/weight (Kg), skeletal muscle index (SMI, Kg/m2): SMM (Kg)/height (m)2, skeletal muscle to body fat ratio (MFR): SMM (kg)/BFM (Kg) and skeletal muscle to visceral fat ratio (SVR, Kg/cm2): SMM (Kg)/VFA (cm2) Results: Mean follow up periods were 28.7±5.4 months. Among total 838 subjects (46.9±9.9 years, M:F=477:361), 88 (10.5%) were newly diagnosed MetS. 5th quintile of the SMM%, MFR and SVR was associated with decreased risk of development of MetS after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion: Decreased skeletal muscle mass may play critical role in development of the MetS and not absolute amount of skeletal muscle mass but relative ratio to body composition may be more important.

한국 정신장애의 역학 조사 연구[I] : 각 정신장애의 유병률

조맹제,함봉진,김장규,박강규,정은기,서동우,김선욱,조성진,이준영,홍진표,최용성,박종익,이동우,이기철,배재남,신정호,정인원,박종한,배안,이충경 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This study aims to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI). Methods : Subjects were selected by taking multi-stage, cluster samples of 7,867 adult household residents, 18 to 64 years of age, in ten catchment areas. Total 78 trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents, from June 1 to November30,2001. Results : Total 6,275 respondents completed the interview. Some 33.5% of respondents reported at least one lifetime disorder, 20.6% reported at least one-year disorder, and 16.7% reported at least one-month disorder. The most common lifetime disorders were alcohol abuse/dependence (17.24%), nicotine dependence/withdrawal (11.19%), specific phobia (5.16%), and major de-pressive disorder (4.25%). The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse/dependence (0.25%) and schizophrenia (0.16%) was very low. Nicotine and alcohol use disorder showed very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among female than male. Conclusion : The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in distributions of psychiatric disorders across the areas and times were observed.

여름철 계룡산국립공원 탐방로의 열쾌적성 및 어메니티 관리 연구

안시옥(Siok An),송도윤(Doyun Song),정다워(Dawou Joung),박범진(Bum-Jin Park),심규원(Kyu-Won Sim),박준효(Jun-Hyo Park) 국립공원연구원 2022 국립공원연구지 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구는 산악환경의 기상 특징과 계룡산국립공원 탐방로의 열쾌적성을 파악하고 열쾌적성이 높은 활동 시간 정보, 활동 공간 정보, 활동량 정보를 제공하기 위해 시행되었다. 탐방로의 열쾌적성 분석을 위해 여름철 도심 기온, 국립공원 방재기상관측장비(AWS, Automatic Weather System), 탐방로인 숲길의 평균 기온을 비교하였다. 또한, 계룡산 국립공원의 주요 탐방로 4개 구간의 미기후 요소와 수관울폐도 측정을 위해 총 240개 지점을 조사 후 열쾌적성을 파악 하였다. 도심과 국립공원AWS, 탐방로의 평균 기온을 비교하였을 때, 도심, 갑사AWS, 동학사AWS, 갑사 탐방로, 동학사 탐방로 순으로 평균 기온이 높게 나타났다. 이 결과, 탐방객이 직접 체감하는 탐방로의 열쾌적성을 고려해야 함을 의미한다. 주요 탐방로 4개 구간 조사 결과, 평균 수관울폐도는 동학사~남매탑 구간, 동학사~관음봉 구간, 갑사~연천봉 구간, 갑사~금잔디고개 구간 순으로 높았다. PMV(예상평균온열감)는 활동량이 2.8MET 일 때, 갑사~금잔디고개 구간, 갑사~연천봉 구간, 동학사~남매탑, 동학사~관음봉구간 순으로 높았다. 조사를 통하여, 열쾌적성이 높은 시간 정보, 공간 정보, 활동량 정보를 제시할 수 있었다. 탐방로의 열쾌적성 특성을 파악하여, 탐방로의 어메니티를 높일 수 있는 숲길 관리 방안의 기초를 마련하고자 한다. This study was conducted to understand the weather characteristics of the mountain environment and the thermal comfort of Gyeryongsan National Park trail and to provide information on activity time, activity space, and activity amount. For the analysis of the thermal comfort of the trail, the temperature of the city center in summer, the average temperature of the National Park Disaster Prevention Weather System (AWS), and the trail. Also, Microclimate elements and canopy closure were also measured in four major trails in Gyeryongsan National Park. After investigating a total of 240 points, thermal comfort was identified. When comparing the average temperature of the city center, National Park AWS, and trail, the average temperature was higher in the order of the city center, Gabsa AWS, Donghaksa AWS, Gabsa Trail, and Donghaksa Trail. As a result, it means that the thermal pleasure experienced by visitors should be considered. According to a survey of four major trails, the average canopy closure is Donghaksa~nammaetop route was high in the order of Donghaksa~Gwaneumbong route, Gabsa~Yeoncheonbong route and Gabsa~Geumjandigogae route. When PMV(Predicted Mean Vote) is 2.8MET, The PMV was highter in the order of Gabsa~Geumjandigogae route, Gabsa~ Yeoncheonbong route, Donghaksa~nammaetop route, Donghaksa~Gwaneumbong route. Through the survey, time information, spatial information, and activity information with high thermal comfort could be presented. By grasping the thermal comfort characteristics of the trail, we intend to lay the foundation for forest trail management measures that can increase the amenity of the trail.

문자영상 紬線化에서의 雜音除去 알고리즘에 관한 연구

전병민,박규태,김상운,이기돈 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1984 논문집 Vol.16 No.2

In this paper, we study thinning algorithms which are peeling off successive contours of the character image to be thinned while keeping the connectivity of the skeleton in the process. Noise rejection algorithm is proposed for the purpose of removing the common short-comings of thinning algorithms when applied to hand-printed data. The algorithm consists of the three processings: preprocessing, thinning, and postprocessing. The preprocessing smooths down the originally-thick image and the postprocessing leads to the well-groomed skeleton. The noise rejection algorithm is implemented with FORTRAN language and tested through a CYBER170-825 computer system.

수돗물염수액 전기분해에 의한 살균소독

박준오, 김완석, 최영기, 이영민, 김형규, 차은종, 김석용 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2008 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.9 No.2

본문참고

한국 초파리집단의 선택불리에 관한 지구 자기장의 5배인 자기장의 영향

박은규,정승문,김중현,최오목 圓光大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.29 No.2

본 연구에서는 한국 선유도의 자연집단 야생형 초파리와 가시돌연변이형 황색체-소시 초파리를 Helmholtz coils 장치를 이용해서 유도한 지구 자기장의 5배인 자기장내의 집단과 비교 집단인 지구 자기장내의 집단에서 발생율 변동과 성적 선택빈도를 조사하여, 선택불리에 관한 유전적 행동을 관찰해서 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.야생형 유전자(+)를 운반하는 염색체의 선택빈도는 15세대까지 평균 빈도가 지구 자기장의 5배인 자기장내의 초파리 집단, 지구 자기장내의 초파리 집단이 각각 0.6489, 0.6553으로 관찰되었다. 이 결과는 지구 자기장의 5배인 초파리 집단에서 더 강한 선택불리 행동을 보여 주었다. 2.초파리 집단의 발생율 변동은 지구 자기장의 5배인 자기장내의 초파리 집단 3세대(13.60%), 지구 자기장내의 초파리 집단 6세대(22.35%), 8세대(22.30%)에서 아주 낮은 발생율의 변동을 보여주었으며, 2개의 상이한 자기장내 초파리 집단의 전체 평균 발생율은 지구 자기장의 5배인 자기장내의 초파리 집단, 지구 자기장내의 초파리 집단에서 각각 58.07%, 41.93%로 관찰되었으며, 후자보다 전자에서 발생율이 증가함을 보여 주었다. 3.돌연변이형 황색체-소시 유전자(ym)를 운반한 염색체의 선택빈도는 각각의 자기장내의 초파리 집단에서 0.0542, 0.0646으로 관찰되었다. 이 결과는 지구 자기장의 5배인 자기장내의 초파리 집단에서 0.0542로 상대적으로 강하게 선택불리 행동을 보여 주었다. 4.돌연변이형 황색체 유전자(y)를 운반한 염색체의 선택빈도는 각각의 초파리 집단에서 0.0185, 0.0144로 관찰되었다. 이 결과는 비교 집단인 지구 자기장내의 초파리 집단에서 0.0144로 더 강한 선택불리 행동을 보여 주었다. 5.돌연변이형 소시 유전자(m)을 운반한 염색체의 선택빈도는 각각의 조절된 자기장내의 초파리 집단에서 0.0328, 0.0190으로 관찰되었다. 이 결과도 지구 자기장내의 초파리 집단에서 0.0190으로 상대적인 강한 선택불리 행동을 보여 주었다. 6.수컷이 가지고 있는 Y-염색체의 선택빈도는 각각의 초파리 집단에서 0.2457, 0.2467로 관찰되었다. 이 결과는 지구 자기장의 5배인 초파리 집단에서 0.2457로 더 높은 선택불리 행동을 보여 주었다. 7.Duncan's multiple range test의 LSD값으로 유의 차이 유무 검정을 하였던 바 야생형 유전자의 A 그룹과 돌연변이형 유전자들의 B 그룹사이에서 고도의 유의 차이가 있음이 밝혀졌다. To elucidate the genetic behavior of selective disadvantage among visible mutants of Drosophila melanogaster bred and kept by the genetic study laboratory room. Wonkwang University and the wild type collected at Sunyoudo island in Korea, and reared under the influence of two different strength of magnetic fields, i.e. the quintuple and the ambient magnetic field, this study was carried out at the above indicated laboratory room. 1.The mean selective frequencies of wild gene(+)-carry chromosome up to 15th generation, affected by two different magnetic fields, showed 0.6489 and 0.6553 with the magnetic field strength as mentioned order before. The data explains that the population of Drosophila melanogaster reared in the quintuple magnetic field showed higher selective disadvantage. 2.The variations of emergence rates of the populations of Drosophila melanogaster altering by generation showed the drastic lowest values at the specified generation, for example, 13.60% under the quintuple magnetic field at the third generation and 22.35% and 22.30% under the ambient magnetic field at the 6th and 8th generation. The over-all mean emergence rates of the populations of Drosophila melanogaster reared in controlled magnetic fields, i.e. the quintuple and the ambient magnetic fields using Helmholtz coils, showed 58.07% and 41.93% respectively. Referring to these data, the population of flies raised in the quintuple magnetic field showed a relatively higher emergence rate than the ambient magnetic field. 3.The mean selective frequencies of the individual of ym gene-bearing chromosomes showed 0.0542 and 0.0646 by the same order of magnetic field strength indicated above. It was shown that the population of flies reared in the quintuple strength generated by Helmholtz coils cleared the relatively strong selective disadvantage being 0.0542. 4.The mean selective frequencies of the mutant that carries y gene-bearing chromosome showed 0.0185 and 0.0144 from the two different magnetic fields in the same magnetic order. The results indicated that the population of flies from the ambient magnetic field showed higher selective disadvantage frequency, 0.0144. 5.The mean selective frequencies for the mutant carrying m gene-bearing chromosome were calculated as to be 0.0328 and 0.0190 for the same order of magnetic field strength. The found from this results is that the selective disadvantage behavior for the mutant rearing m gene chromosome in the ambient magnetic field was stronger than the one, being 0.0190. 6.The mean selective frequencies of the male flies which carries Y-chromosome showed 0.2457 and 0.2467 respectively. The results indicated that the male flies from the quintuple magnetic field showed higher selective disadvantage being 0.2457. 7.Through Duncan's multiple range test and LSD value, the highly significant differences between A group of the wild type and B group of the other three mutants were calculated.