http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Shao-shuai Yu,Hai-yan Che,Sheng-jie Wang,Cai-li Lin,Ming-xing Lin,Wei-wei Song,Qing-hua Tang,Wei Yan,Wei-quan Qin 한국식물병리학회 2020 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.36 No.5
Areca palm yellow leaf (AYL) disease caused by the 16SrI group phytoplasma is a serious threat to the development of the Areca palm industry in China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence was utilized to establish a rapid and efficient detection system efficient for the 16SrI-B subgroup AYL phytoplasma in China by loopmediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The results showed that two sets of LAMP detection primers, 16SrDNA-2 and 16SrDNA-3, were efficient for 16SrIB subgroup AYL phytoplasma in China, with positive results appearing under reaction conditions of 64oC for 40 min. The lowest detection limit for the two LAMP detection assays was the same at 200 ag/μl, namely approximately 53 copies/μl of the target fragments. Phytoplasma was detected in all AYL disease samples from Baoting, Tunchang, and Wanning counties in Hainan province using the two sets of LAMP primers 16SrDNA-2 and 16SrDNA-3, whereas no phytoplasma was detected in the negative control. The LAMP method established in this study with comparatively high sensitivity and stability, provides reliable results that could be visually detected, making it suitable for application and research in rapid diagnosis of AYL disease, detection of seedlings with the pathogen and breeding of diseaseresistant Areca palm varieties.
Does Gender Play a Role in Divorce Mediation? : Working Pattern of Women Judges in China
WEI, Shuai,XIN, Xin 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2013 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.19 No.3
This study focuses on the contrast between the images of female Chinese judges in divorce mediation, as reported in newspapers and observed in practice. Based on the reports of the People’s Court Daily, we find that this newspaper agency portrays female Chinese judges as excelling in divorce mediations because of three feminine characteristics: patience, empathy, and motherly disposition. But from interviews with Chinese judges and our observations of divorce mediations presided over by Chinese women judges, we find that in practice they reject the stereotypical female characteristics as factors contributing to the settlement of divorce mediations. Instead, they follow mediator settlement strategies, similar to those observed by Silbey and Merry (1986), which do not differ between the two genders. The contrast indicates that Chinese women judges have a clear understanding of what they could do to settle divorce disputes. 本篇论文旨在揭示报纸报道中与司法实务中离婚调解案件中女法官的形象差异。我们通过对人民法院报的相关报道的分析发现,该报刊将女法官在离婚案件调解中的出色表现归结为三种女性特征,耐心,同情心以及母亲角色。但是我们通过对法官进行的访谈以及对女法官主持的离婚调解的实务观察发现,在实务中女法官是排斥这些类型化的描述的,她们并不认为这些因素是促成调解的有效因素。相反她们遵循了由Silbey和Merry在1986年的相关研究中总结出来的调解策略。这些调解策略并不会因为性别而有所区别。对这种报道和实务的差别描述说明了在中国女法官对离婚案件调解有其清晰的理解判断。
Shuai Wei,박병재,서건호,오덕환 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.5
An immunomagnetic separation method using antibody-coated Dynabeads® Protein G was developed for specific and efficient separation of Staphylococcus aureus in lettuce and whole milk. The amount of immunomagnetic beads (IMBs) and conjugation conditions were optimized. A high capture efficiency was obtained with 0.4 mg of IMBs, an immunoreaction time of 20 min, and a separation time of 1 min without wash. Under optimal conditions, the capture efficiency (CE) for 100-105 CFU/mL of S. aureus was higher than 91.46%. The IMBs showed high specificity even with a high constant number (107 CFU/mL) of Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus, and Lactobacillus plantarum. The CE of IMBs against S. aureus at concentrations from 102 to 105 CFU/mL ranged from 78.70 to 94.77% for lettuce and 60.0 to 73.27% for milk samples. This IMS can be an appropriate selection for combining with bacterial detection method or efficient isolation procedure for S. aureus from foods.
Shuai Wei,Fereidoun Forghani,Youn-Seo Park,박병재,서건호,오덕환 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.3
A modified brain heart infusion (MBHI) broth and a protocol of immunomagnetic separation (IMS) using antibody-coated Dynabeads® protein G were developed for the enrichment and separation of Bacillus cereus in artificially contaminated vegetable samples. The MBHI consisted of BHI and 0.34 g/L magnesium sulfate, 12.08 g/L sodium pyruvate, 1.82 g/L yeast extract, and polymyxin B. The amount of immunomagnetic beads (IMBs) and immunoreaction time were optimized. The capture efficiency was 58.32% with 0.4 mg IMBs when the immunoreaction time was 20 min. Capture of B. cereus by IMBs did not interfere with competing flora. Pre-enrichment IMS was validated with four B. cereus strains in artificially contaminated baby sprouts, bean sprouts, lettuce, and spinach at two levels (~0.1 and ~1 CFU/g). We were able to detect and isolate B. cereus in 40/40 samples of vegetables contaminated at 0.1 CFU/g with IMS after 6 h of enrichment in MBHI.
Wei, Shuai,Park, Byung-Jae,Seo, Kun-Ho,Oh, Deog-Hwan Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.5
An immunomagnetic separation method using antibody-coated Dynabeads$^{(R)}$ Protein G was developed for specific and efficient separation of Staphylococcus aureus in lettuce and whole milk. The amount of immunomagnetic beads (IMBs) and conjugation conditions were optimized. A high capture efficiency was obtained with 0.4 mg of IMBs, an immunoreaction time of 20 min, and a separation time of 1 min without wash. Under optimal conditions, the capture efficiency (CE) for $10^0-10^5CFU/mL$ of S. aureus was higher than 91.46%. The IMBs showed high specificity even with a high constant number ($10^7CFU/mL$) of Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus, and Lactobacillus plantarum. The CE of IMBs against S. aureus at concentrations from $10^2$ to $10^5CFU/mL$ ranged from 78.70 to 94.77% for lettuce and 60.0 to 73.27% for milk samples. This IMS can be an appropriate selection for combining with bacterial detection method or efficient isolation procedure for S. aureus from foods.
Wei, Shuai,Chelliah, Ramachandran,Park, Byung-Jae,Park, Joong-Hyun,Forghani, Fereidoun,Park, Youn-Seo,Cho, Min-Seok,Park, Dong-Suk,Oh, Deog-Hwan Elsevier 2018 Microbial pathogenesis Vol.115 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The aim of the study was to identify and evaluate specific biomarkers to differentiate within <I>Bacillus cereus</I> group species from contaminated food samples with the use of real-time PCR. A total of 120 strains, comprising of 28 reference, 2 type, 78 wild strains of <I>B. cereus</I> and <I>B. thuringiensis</I> along with 12 strains representing 2 bacterial groups – <I>B. mycoides, B. pseudomycoides, B. weihenstephanensis</I> (<I>B. cereus</I> group); <I>B. amyloliquefaciens, B. subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Micrococcus luteus, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes</I> (non-<I>Bacillus</I> sp.) were identified by applying valid biomarkers (<I>groEL</I> and <I>gyrB</I>). In addition, the presence of <I>B. cereus</I> group was determined in three different artificially contaminated vegetable samples (lettuce, spinach, and kimbap), using prominent biomarkers targeting on chaperonin protein (<I>GroEL</I>) and topoisomerase enzyme protein (<I>gyrB</I>). Direct analysis of samples revealed the specificity towards identification and characterization of the <I>B. cereus</I> group among wild, reference and type strains and the type strain inoculated in vegetables. Our results demonstrated two existing biomarkers <I>groEL</I> and <I>gyrB</I> with a high specificity of 98% and 96% respectively to analyze the total <I>B. cereus</I> group. Further, we also reported the detection limit of <I>groEL</I> and <I>gyrB</I> in food samples was 3.5 and 3.7 log CFU/g respectively. Thus, the developed real-time PCR approach can be a reliable and effective tool for the identification of <I>B. cereus</I> group strains present in environment and food samples. This does not require band isolation, re-amplification, sequencing or sequence identification, thus reducing the time and cost of analysis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Establishment of differentiating test method between species <I>B. cereus</I> group can be used as basic data. </LI> <LI> 120 types of <I>B. cereus</I> group strain were quantified using groEL and gyrB, qPCR specific primers for gene detectability. </LI> <LI> Applied as basic data for identification of contaminated sources and the degree of bacterial contamination in food samples. </LI> <LI> Further it is useful for distinguish <I>B. cereas</I> group based on the food safety management policy. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Yu-Shuai Wang,Yin-Ping Jin,Wei Gao,Sheng-Yuan Xiao,Yu-Wei Zhang,Pei-He Zheng,Jia Wang,Jun-Xia Liu,Cheng-He Sun,Ying-Ping Wang 고려인삼학회 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.3
Background: Ginsenosides are the major effective ingredients responsible for the pharmacological effects of ginseng. Malonyl ginsenosides are natural ginsenosides that contain a malonyl group attached to a glucose unit of the corresponding neutral ginsenosides. Methods: Medium-pressure liquid chromatography and semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography were used to isolate purified compounds and their structures determined by extensive one-dimensional- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Results: A new saponin, namely malonyl-ginsenoside Re, was isolated from the fresh flower buds of Panax ginseng, along with malonyl-ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd. Some assignments for previously published ¹H- and <SUP>13</SUP>C-NMR spectra were found to be inaccurate. Conclusion: This study reports the complete NMR assignment of malonyl-ginsenoside Re, Rb₁, Rb₂, Rc, and Rd for the first time.