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Yang, Huai,Liu, Shirong,Li, Yide,Xu, Han Springer Japan 2018 Ecological research Vol.33 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Accurate estimations of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in tropical montane rainforests are critical for assessing the role of tropical forests in influencing global climate change. This research aimed to determine the diurnal variation in soil GHG fluxes and understand the effects of forest canopy gaps on GHG fluxes, and their major controlling factors. The diurnal fluxes of soil carbon dioxide (CO<SUB>2</SUB>), nitrous oxide (N<SUB>2</SUB>O) and methane (CH<SUB>4</SUB>) inside and outside three forest canopy gaps in a tropical montane rainforest were measured with a closed static chamber system in June 2015. The main results are as follows. (1) There was an obvious single‐peak daily variation of soil GHG fluxes. (2) The averaged soil CO<SUB>2</SUB>, N<SUB>2</SUB>O and CH<SUB>4</SUB> fluxes of the whole day were closest to the daily average emission fluxes at 9:00 and 12:00 for CO<SUB>2</SUB>, 6:00 and 9:00 for N<SUB>2</SUB>O, and 9:00 and 12:00 for CH<SUB>4</SUB>, respectively. (3) Soil CO<SUB>2</SUB> and N<SUB>2</SUB>O emissions (positive values) and CH<SUB>4</SUB> uptake (negative values) were higher inside gaps than outside. (4) There were stronger exponential relationships between soil CO<SUB>2</SUB> and N<SUB>2</SUB>O emissions and temperature inside gaps than outside, and there was a stronger quadratic relationship between CH<SUB>4</SUB> uptake and temperature outside gaps than inside. However, significant relationships between soil CO<SUB>2</SUB> (or CH<SUB>4</SUB>) and soil moisture only occurred inside gaps (<I>P</I> < 0.01). There were clear diurnal variations and significant effects of gaps on soil CO<SUB>2</SUB>, N<SUB>2</SUB>O and CH<SUB>4</SUB> fluxes. Our study indicated that understanding the different diurnal variations of soil CO<SUB>2</SUB>, N<SUB>2</SUB>O and CH<SUB>4</SUB> fluxes inside and outside canopy gaps could improve the accurate evaluation of soil GHG fluxes in tropical montane rainforests under a changing climate.</P>
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Jiangping Wang,Shirong Liu,Botao Zhang,Changbin Yu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.3
In this paper, an efficient and probabilistic complete planning algorithm called Composite-space RRT is presented to address motion planning with soft constraints for spherical wrist manipulators. Firstly, we propose a novel configuration space termed Composite Configuration Space (“Composite Space” for short), which is composed of the joint space and the task space. Then, collision-free paths are generated in the composite space by the Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT) algorithm. Finally, the planned paths in the composite space are mapped into the corresponding joint-space paths by a local planner. As the analytical inverse kinematics (IK) of the spherical wrist is used in the local planner, the proposed Composite-space RRT algorithm is characterized by high efficiency and no numerical iteration. Moreover, this approach can effectively improve the smoothness of the end-effector orientation path. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated on the Willow Garage’s PR2 simulation platform with two typical orientation-constrained cases.
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Enhanced Cold Wall CVD Reactor Growth of Horizontally Aligned Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Wei Mu,곽은혜,Bingan Chen,Shirong Huang,Michael Edwards,Yifeng Fu,Kjell Jeppson,Kenneth Teo,정구환,Johan Liu 대한금속·재료학회 2016 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.12 No.3
Synthesisof horizontally-aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (HA-SWCNTs) bychemical vapor deposition (CVD) directly on quartz seems very promising for thefabrication of future nanoelectronic devices. In comparison to hot-wall CVD, synthesisof HA-SWCNTs in a cold-wall CVD chamber not only means shorter heating, coolingand growth periods, but also prevents contamination of the chamber. However, sincemost synthesis of HA-SWCNTs is performed in hot-wall reactors, adapting this wellestablishedprocess to a cold-wall chamber becomes extremely crucial. Here, in orderto transfer the CVD growth technology from a hot-wall to a cold-wall chamber, asystematic investigation has been conducted to determine the influence of processparameters on the HA-SWCNT’s growth. For two reasons, the cold-wall CVDchamber was upgraded with a top heater to complement the bottom substrate heater;the first reason to maintain a more uniform temperature profile during HA-SWCNTsgrowth, and the second reason to preheat the precursor gas flow before projecting itonto the catalyst. Our results show that the addition of a top heater had a significanteffect on the synthesis. Characterization of the CNTs shows that the average density ofHA-SWCNTs is around 1 - 2 tubes/μm with high growth quality as shown by Ramananalysis.
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Qinfang Lu,Byung-gon Jeong,Ping Yan,Sohee Kim,Shirong Lai,Jiancheng Liu 대한환경공학회 2020 대한환경공학회지 Vol.42 No.11
Objectives : Wastewater produced by fatty acid production contains high concentration of organic substances and high concentration of salts (mainly sodium sulfate), causing great pollution to water resources and environment. The pollution prevention and control of this type of wastewater are very necessary. The key to treating this type of wastewater is to remove salts and COD to achieve harmless treatment. This is a problem in wastewater management that has plagued the industry for a long time. This paper proposed a technique suitable for fatty acid high salinity organic wastewater. Methods : First, the industrial treatment technology of organic wastewater with high salinity was introduced and analyzed. Combined with the principle of industrial wastewater treatment, the process route for the treatment of fatty acid high salinity organic wastewater was analyzed and selected. In addition, the key technology and process for anaerobic desalination and COD removal were analyzed and selected. Results and Discussion : According to the unique nature of this type of wastewater mainly containing sulphate salts and the feasibility of industrial production, a special technology combination was proposed to treat this wastewater at this stage. Since this wastewater has a B/C ratio of 0.4 to 0.45, it is easier to use biological treatment method. Thus, the conventional treatment method is pretreatment + biological treatment. Biological enhancement and reactor process optimization can be studied for better efficiency. Conclusions : Considering the high COD and sulphate concentration characteristics of fatty acid high-salinity organic wastewater, high-efficiency anaerobic biochemical treatment is mainly considered. Combined with modern high-efficiency anaerobic suspended sludge granule technology, it was concluded that pretreatment + high efficiency IC anaerobic + secondary biological treatment can achieve industrialized treatment of such wastewater in a targeted, low-cost and reliable way. In the later stage, bio-enhancement of the anaerobic process as well as structural and process optimization of the reactor can be carried out to obtain better technical and economic results in production practice.
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Wenjie Li,Huijun Guo,Yongbin Wang,Yongdun Xie,Linshu Zhao,Jiayu Gu,Shirong Zhao,Baocun Zhao,Guangjin Wang,Luxiang Liu 한국유전학회 2017 Genes & Genomics Vol.39 No.4
To identify novel allelic variations in key genes of wheat quality, the present study used the targeting induced local lesions in genomes platform to detect point mutations in target genes. The wheat variety Longfumai 17 was treated by the mutagen ethyl methanesulfonate to produce a bulk M2 generation, and the population included 1122 plants. A total length of 3906.80 kb nucleotides was analyzed, and the average mutation density was 1/244.17 kb. The identified mutations included G>A substitutions (43.75%), C>T substitutions (31.25%), A insertions (12.50%), T insertions (6.25%), and deletions (6.25%). These point mutations led to changes in amino acids and thus the encoded protein sequences, ultimately producing 18.75% of missense mutations, 12.50% of frame shift mutations, 6.25% of nonsense mutations, 25.00% of silent mutations and 37.50% of non-coding region mutations. In the kernel hardness gene Pinb and 3 starch synthesis genes waxy, Agp2 and SSIIa-A, we detected 16 different point mutations in 25 mutant lines. The Pinb gene harbored two missense mutations and a nonsense mutation; the C>T missense mutation resulted in a novel allele, this novel allele and the nonsense mutation alerted protein 3D structure; the waxy gene presented missense and frame shift mutations; the Agp2 gene carried a missense mutation; the SSIIa-A incurred a missense mutation and a frame shift mutation that resulted in premature protein termination. All the frame shift mutations, nonsense mutations and the Pinb novel allele resulted in allelic variation of their corresponding genes, which in turn affected their gene functions. The identified mutant lines can be used as intermediate materials in wheat quality improvement schemes.
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Zhang, Yuandong,Guo, Mingming,Wang, Xiaochun,Gu, Fengxue,Liu, Shirong Springer Japan 2018 Ecological research Vol.33 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>An anomalous reduction in tree growth indices has been detected in tree ring records from many circumpolar northern latitude sites in recent years, which was known as the divergence phenomenon. In order to understand whether the divergence phenomenon appeared at altitudinal treelines in east edge of Tibetan Plateau, we analyzed the correlation coefficients between tree growth and climate variables before and after recent climate warming, respectively. The results showed that divergence phenomenon took place and varied with sites. Compared with those in 1955–1982, the correlation coefficient of growth to mean temperature in June declined during 1983–2012. In Songpan site, more than half of the sampled trees showed an increasing positive correlation with temperature from July to September, while others turned to be a negative correlation. The positive responses to the mean temperature in previous‐year November and December declined in Markang site. Only in Miyaluo site, the positive correlation between tree ring index and temperature from July to September increased. Both the anomalous reduction or disappearance of the responses to the mean temperature and the divergent growth responses suggested that the divergence phenomenon was universal at altitudinal treelines in east edge of Tibetan Plateau, which had potentially significant influences on the estimation of forest productivity and climatic reconstructions based on tree ring.</P>
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An Oligonucleotide Microarray Bait for Isolation of Target Gene Fragments
( Shi Rong ),( Ma Wen Li ),( Liu Cui Hua ),( Song Yan Bin ),( Mao Xiang Ming ),( Zheng Wen Ling ) 생화학분자생물학회 2004 BMB Reports Vol.37 No.2
A new molecular-baiting method was studied by retrieving targeted gene fragments from an oligonucleotide microarray bait after hybridization. To make the microarray bait, 70-mer oligonucleotides that were designed to specifically represent the SSAl gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were printed on the slide. Samples of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mRNA were extracted and labeled by the RD-PCR (Restriction Display PCR) method using the CyS-labelled universal primer, then applied for hybridization. The sample fragments that hybridized to the microarray were stripped, and the eluted cDNAs were retrieved and cloned into the pMD 18-T vector for transformation, plasmid preparation, and sequencing. BLAST searching of the GenBank database identified the retrieved fragments as being identical to the SSAl gene (from 2057-2541bp). A new method is being established that can retrieve the sample fragments using an oligo-microarray-bait.
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An Oligonucleotide Microarray Bait for Isolation of Target Gene Fragments
Shi, Rong,Ma, Wen-li,Liu, Cui-Hua,Song, Yan-Bin,Mao, Xiang-Ming,Zheng, Wen-Ling Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2004 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.37 No.2
A new molecular-baiting method was studied by retrieving targeted gene fragments from an oligonucleotide microarray bait after hybridization. To make the microarray bait, 70-mer oligonucleotides that were designed to specifically represent the SSA1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were printed on the slide. Samples of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mRNA were extracted and labeled by the RD-PCR (Restriction Display PCR) method using the Cy5-labelled universal primer, then applied for hybridization. The sample fragments that hybridized to the microarray were stripped, and the eluted cDNAs were retrieved and cloned into the pMD 18-T vector for transformation, plasmid preparation, and sequencing. BLAST searching of the GenBank database identified the retrieved fragments as being identical to the SSA1 gene (from 2057-2541bp). A new method is being established that can retrieve the sample fragments using an oligo-microarray-bait.
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