Effect of incorporating roasted sesame (Sesamum indicum) seeds on the quality parameters of chicken nuggets

Shan Randima Nawarathne(Shan Randima Nawarathne ),Dinesh Darshaka Jayasena(Dinesh Darshaka Jayasena ),Prabhathma Yasasvi Rathnayake(Prabhathma Yasasvi Rathnayake ),Manjula Senavirathna(Manjula Senavir 한국축산식품학회 2021 Food and Life Vol.2021 No.2

The present study was aimed to develop a value-added chicken nugget by incorporating roasted sesame seeds (RSS) and elucidate its sensory and quality parameter changes during a 28-d frozen storage. Chicken nugget samples were processed to have four treatments as; 1) Nuggets with 0% RSS (w/w) [Control], 2) Nuggets with 5% RSS (w/w) [SN5], 3) Nuggets with 10% RSS (w/w) [SN10] and 4) Nuggets with 15% RSS (w/w) [SN15] with six replications per treatment. The two best nugget samples with RSSs were selected by a sensory panel and tested for physicochemical and microbial quality changes with the control sample during a 28-d frozen storage. Results revealed that SN10 had the highest (p<0.05) crude fat (8.84%), crude protein (14.24%) and ash (3.15%) contents compared to SN5 and the control. During the 28-d frozen storage, the pH of nuggets diminished gradually (p<0.05) in all treatments. SN10 had the highest (p<0.05) thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value compared with its counterparts throughout the 28-d frozen storage. The TBARS values and total plate count values increased (p<0.05) in all treatments during the frozen storage, but within the acceptable limits. The water holding capacity of nuggets in all treatments decreased (p<0.05) and cooking loss increased (p<0.05) during the frozen storage. In conclusion, RSSs could be mixed up to 10% to the nugget mixture to prepare nuggets with improved proximate composition, and physicochemical and sensory properties.

Poultry Coccidiosis-A Concurrent Overview on Etiology, Diagnostic Practices, and Preventive Measures

Shan Randima Nawarathne,Myunghwan Yu,Jung Min Heo 한국가금학회 2021 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.48 No.4

Coccidiosis is a major parasitic disease in the poultry industry, with great economic implications worldwide. It is a ubiquitous protozoan infection caused by several species of the genus Eimeria (host-specific) that colonize and reproduce in the intestine of birds, ultimately altering the health and performance of the flock. At present, several methods are used to diagnose coccidiosis in poultry, including field and laboratory techniques (intestinal lesion scoring, oocyst counting in feces, and biochemical and molecular diagnosis). Traditionally, diagnosed flocks have been treated either by vaccination to improve the active immunity of the birds against coccidiosis or supplementation of prophylactic anticoccidials to ameliorate the deleterious effects of coccidiosis. However, these methods has certain drawbacks such as vaccine-induced coccidiosis, drug resistance, and residual drug accumulation in the host. Consequently, alternative safe anti-coccidial agents, including the use of phytogenic compounds, have been explored for preventing coccidiosis. Here, we provide a simple overview of the literature on poultry coccidiosis by focusing on the etiology, diagnostic practices, and preventive measures.

Effect of different ratios of calcium and available phosphorous on growth performance, laying performance, and egg quality in layer chickens

Shan Randima Nawarathne,Myunghwan Yu,Jun Seon Hong,Elijah Ogolah Oketch,Nuwan Chamara Chathuranga,Bernadette Gerpacio Sta. Cruz,Venuste Maniraguha,Jung Min Heo 한국가금학회 2022 한국가금학회 정기총회 및 학술발표회 Vol.2022 No.11

Determination and comparison of growth performance parameters between two crossbred strains of Korean native chickens with a white semi broiler chicken for 84 days post-hatch

Shan Randima Nawarathne,이수기,조현민,Samiru Sudharaka Wickramasuriya,홍준선,김유빈,허정민,이영주 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2020 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.47 No.2

The aim of this study was to investigate the growth performance between two different crossbred strains of Korean native chickens denoted as 1E and 2E with a white semibroiler (LL) from hatch to d-84 post-hatch. A total of 450 one-day-old chicks were randomly distributed into cages which included 15 replicate cages each for 1E and 2E with 9 replicate cages for LL. A three phase feeding program was used as a starter (Day 1 - 35; crude protein [CP] 20.3%; metabolizable energy [ME] 3,059 kcal·kg-1), grower (Day 36 - 56; CP 18.6%; ME 3,123 kcal·kg-1) and finisher (Day 57 - 84; CP 16.7%; ME 3,187 kcal·kg-1). The results revealed that LL had a higher (p < 0.05) BW during d-8 to d-84 compared with the other two cross breed groups. A higher (p < 0.05) ADG was observed from the LL during the entire period except from d-1 to d-14 and d-71 to d-84 when compared with 1E and 2E. Shank length did not vary (p > 0.05) between the strains, despite LL having a SL that was 2.86% higher (p < 0.05) when compared with the other strains from d-15 to d-21 post-hatch, and 1E had a SL that was 2.28% (p < 0.05) higher when compared with the other strains during the first week of the experiment.

Comparison of meat quality traits of scalded and non-scalded broiler breast meat

( Tharindra Iromi ),( Shan Randima Nawarathne ),( Sethukali Anand Kumar ),( Maleeka Nadeemale Nambapana ),( Amila Adhikari ),( Jung Min Heo ),( Dinesh Darshaka Jayasena ) 한국축산학회 2021 축산기술과 산업 Vol.8 No.2

The objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical and sensory attributes of scalded (SBC) and non-scalded (NSBC) broiler chicken breast meat. Ten carcasses from each type of chicken were randomly selected from the processing line of a commercial broiler processing plant. After dissecting the breast meat, physiochemical parameters such as pH, color, cooking loss, and proximate composition and sensory characteristics were examined. SBC contained higher protein but a lower fat content in breast meat compared to NSBC (p < 0.05). CIE L*, CIE a*, and CIE b* values of breast meat have not differed (p > 0.05) between NSBC and SBC. Higher pH values were shown by NSBC (p < 0.05) and no difference in cooking loss of breast meat from NSBC and SBC was observed (p > 0.05). Results of the sensory analysis showed a difference (p < 0.05) in the overall acceptability of breast meat between SBC and NSBC. Further studies are suggested to compare the levels of taste active compounds between SBC and NSBC.

동물복지를 고려한 육계 운송 시 운송 밀도와 계절에 따른 행동, 체표면 온도, 호흡수 평가

이제석,유명환,Shan Randima Nawarathne,Elijah Ogola Oketch,허정민 한국가금학회 2023 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.50 No.4

본 연구는 적재 차량 내 어리장의 크기(1.00 m × 0.78 m × 0.26 m) 내 출하 수수 조정을 통해 동물복지를 고려한 육계의 사육밀도(30 kg/m2 이하)를 토대로 운송밀도를 설정하였고, 계절 및 운송밀도에 따른 육계의 행동, 체표면 온도 및 호흡수를 조사하였다. 총 600수의 35일령 육계를 두 계절(여름, 겨울)과 다섯 가지 운송밀도(10.3, 11.5, 12.8, 14.1, 15.4수/m2)에 따라 10개의 처리구로 나누어 6반복으로 실험을 진행하였다. 실험결과, 운송 중 육계의 서기 행동은 여름보다 겨울에 더 많이(P<0.05) 발현되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 운송 밀도가 높을수록 타 처리구에 비해 앉기 행동이 유의미하게 더 많이(P<0.05) 관찰되었다. 서기 행동의 경우, 계절과 운송밀도의 상호작용 효과에 따라, 겨울에 운송밀도가 낮을수록 더 많이(P<0.05) 나타났다. 운송 이후 육계 표면온도의 변화는 겨울보다 여름에 더 큰 값이 관찰되었다(P< 0.05). 그러나 운송 후 표면 온도의 경우, 운송밀도 또는 계절과 운송밀도 간 상호작용 효과에는 영향을 받지 않았다(P>0.05). 호흡수의 경우, 겨울보다 여름에 더 많이(P<0.05) 관찰되었다. 그러나 운송밀도에 따른 호흡수 또는 계절과 운송밀도 간 상호작용에는 영향을 받지 않았다(P>0.05). 본 연구의 행동학적 분석에 따라, 육계 운송 시 여름보다는 겨울이 권장된다. 또한 육계 운송 시 행동학적 분석에 따른 최적의 운송 밀도를 규명하기 위한 추가적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다. This study aimed to investigate the effects of seasonal differences and crating densities on the behavior, surface temperature, and respiration rate of broilers during transportation. A total of 600 broilers aged 35 days were divided into 10 treatment groups based on five crating densities (10.3, 11.5, 12.8, 14.1, 15.4 birds/m2) with two seasons (i.e. summer and winter) to give six replicates. Broilers were allocated to the crates (1.00 m × 0.78 m × 0.26 m) in a randomized design. The transportation distance was 20 km for 40 minutes (average 30−50 km/h) during the early morning. The results revealed that standing behavior of broilers during transportation was shown more frequently (P<0.05) in winter. Moreover, sitting behavior was significantly shown (P<0.05) more at densities of 14.1 birds/m2 and 15.4 birds/m2 compared to other treatments. Standing behavior was significantly shown more (P<0.05) in winter and lower crating density. Changes in broilers surface temperature after transportation were higher (P<0.05) in summer. However, surface temperature after transportation was not affected (P>0.05) by crating density, and interaction between seasonal differences and crating density. Respiration rate was higher (P<0.05) in summer. But there were no effects (P>0.05) on respiration rate based on crating density, and interaction between seasonal differences and crating density. Based on the results of the present study, broilers transportation is recommended in winter rather than summer to minimize the climatic stress, but further research is required to identify proper crating densities to improve the broilers welfare during transportation.

Feeding a calcium-enriched fatty acid could ameliorate the growth performance of broilers under the chronic heat stress

( Yu Bin Kim ),( Shan Randima Nawarathne ),( Hyun Min Cho ),( Jun Seon Hong ),( Jung Min Heo ),( Jiseon Son ) 한국축산학회 2022 한국축산학회지 Vol.64 No.1

The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of calcium-enriched fatty acid supplementation on the growth performance, blood metabolites, intestinal morphology, carcass traits, and nutrient digestibility of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress. A total of 210 one-day-old broiler chicks (40.12 ± 0.25 g) were randomly allocated to one of five dietary treatments, to obtain six replicates per treatment. Broilers were subjected to chronic heat stress from day 21 to day 35, post-hatching, at 34℃ for 9 h per day. The body weight (BW) and feed intake of the experimental broilers were recorded weekly, and the average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated accordingly. Rectal temperature was measured to compare the basal body temperatures between individuals, and blood samples were collected on days 21 and 35 to evaluate basal body temperature, serum total cholesterol, and the triglyceride content of the broilers. On days 21 and 35, one broiler from each cage (n=6) was euthanized to measure carcass trait parameters, nutrient digestibility in digesta, and intestinal morphology. On days 14, 28, and 35, the broilers fed 2.0% calcium-enriched fatty acids had higher BW (p < 0.05) than those fed the other diets. However, no differences (p > 0.05) were found in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) between dietary treatments over the 35 experimental days. On the other hand, on day 21, post-hatching, the broilers fed the 2.0% calcium-enriched fatty acid diet had improved (p < 0.05) dietary feed efficiencies compared to the other treatments. On day 28, the broilers fed the 5.0% of calcium-enriched fatty acid diet also had higher (p < 0.05) dietary feed efficiencies than those fed with the other dietary treatments. No effects (p > 0.05) on carcass weight, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, or blood parameters were found between broilers fed with dietary treatments. This study demonstrated that the inclusion of an additive, containing 2.0% calcium-enriched fatty acid, to broiler diet could ameliorate the negative growth performance of broilers; and no interaction (p > 0.05) was observed between the calcium-enriched fatty acid and nutrient digestibility, digestive anatomy, blood metabolism, and carcass traits of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress conditions for 35 days post-hatching.

Determination of mixed or gender-separated feeding on the growth performance of Korean native chickens when compared with white semi-broilers and commercial broilers at 35 days after hatching

유명환,홍준선,김유빈,Shan Randima Nawarathne,Oketch Elijah Ogola,허정민,이영주 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2021 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.48 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of mixed and separate gender feeding on the growth performance and carcass traits of Korean native chickens (KNC) compared to white semi-broilers (WSB) and a commercial broiler (CB) from hatching to 35 days. Here, 240 chicks were used with eight birds per cage in a randomized design with six replicates per breed. For the KNC lines, three groups of males (KNC-M), mixed-gender birds (KNC-FM) and females (KNC-F) were used. The two-phase feeding program used here consisted of a starter phase (days 1 - 21: crude protein [CP] 20% and metabolizable energy [ME], 3,050 kcal·kg-1) and a grower phase (days 22 - 35: CP 18%, 3,100 kcal·kg-1) for a commercial broiler. The WSB and CB were fed the only starter commercial diet. Fresh water and feed were provided ad-libitum. The results revealed that the KNC group had a lower (p < 0.05) body weight (BW) from day 7 and day 35 compared to that of the CB. Furthermore, the KNC group showed a lower (p > 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) relative to that of the CB during the entire experimental period. No difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the shank length among the treatments. There were also no significant differences in the growth performance or carcass traits between the KNC-M and WSB groups or in the genders of the KNC group.

Internal quality attributes of chicken eggs coated with Hik (Lannea coromandelica) and Mango (Mangifera indica) wax stored at room temperature

( Perummunnalage Udayanga Pushpakumara ),( Shan Randima Nawarathne ),( Herath Mudiyanselage Jagath Chaminda Pitawala ),( Edirisinghe Dewage Nalaka Sandun Abeyrathne ) 한국축산학회 2022 축산기술과 산업 Vol.9 No.2

Eggshell coating is a common practice used to improve the shelf-life of table eggs while mineral oils have been widely utilized as an effective coating material. Hik (Lannea coromandelica) and Mango (Mangifera indica) are tropical trees grown in the dry zone of Sri Lanka and their wax has film-forming properties. However, information on using Hik and Mango wax as a surface coating material on egg quality attributes is scarce and yet to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to check the effect of Hik and Mango tree waxes as external coating materials and to evaluate the internal qualities and shelf life of eggs during storage. A total of 408 freshly laid, white, medium-sized (55-60 g), clean eggs were purchased, individually weighed, and arranged under a completely randomized design to obtain four different coating treatments as; 1) Negative control (non-coated eggs, NC), 2) Positive control (mineral oil-coated eggs, PC), 3) Hik Wax coated eggs (HW), and 4) Mango Wax coated eggs (MW) and stored at room temperature (27 ± 2℃) for five wks. Weight losses and internal quality parameters (Haugh unit [HU], albumen and yolk pH values, and microbial analysis) of eggs were measured weekly. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was conducted to analyze the structural changes of egg albumen. Results revealed that HW and MW eggs had low weight loss (p < 0.05) than NC eggs. Compared with NC, PC, and HW eggs had significantly higher HU (p < 0.05) during the storage. Both plant wax coatings effectively reduced (p < 0.05) the albumen and yolk pH when compared to non-coated eggs. The egg yolk color did not change (p > 0.05) upon the coating treatment. All eggs were negatively performed for the Salmonella test. FTIR analysis confirmed that no chemical changes occurred in wax-coated eggs during the storage. In conclusion, coating eggs with Hik and Mango wax are not as effective as mineral oil, however, it was still effective in enhancing the shelf-life and improving the internal qualities of eggs rather than non-coating.

Partial or complete replacement of fishmeal with fermented soybean meal on growth performance, fecal composition, and meat quality in broilers

Kumudu Thakshila Premathilaka,Shan Randima Nawarathne,Maleeka Nadeemale Nambapana,Shemil Priyan Macelline,Samiru Sudharaka Wickramasuriya,Li Ang,Dinesh Darshaka Jayasena,Jung Min Heo 한국축산학회 2020 한국축산학회지 Vol.62 No.6

The current study was aimed to examine the effect of partial or complete replacement of fishmeal (FM) with fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on growth performance, fecal composition, and meat quality in broiler chickens. A total number of 240 one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly allotted into four dietary treatments with six replications and ten birds per one pen. Dietary treatments were followed as; 1) Diet incorporated with 4% FM without FSBM (Control), 2) Diet incorporated with 3% FM and 2% FSBM (FSBM2), 3) Diet incorporated with 2% FM and 3% FSBM (FSBM3) and 4) Diet incorporated with 4% FSBM without FM (FSBM4). Body weight and feed intake were recorded weekly for 35 days of the experimental period. Moreover, fecal samples were collected to evaluate moisture, ash, nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus content on day 21 post-hatch. On day 35, two birds were sacrificed from each pen to measure meat quality parameters and visceral organ weights. Results revealed that, no dietary treatment effect (p > 0.05) was observed either in both body weight or average daily gain of broilers within the entire experimental period while broilers fed FSBM2 increased (p < 0.05) average daily feed intake by 10.07% whereas FSBM4 improved (p < 0.05) feed efficiency ratio by 8.45% compared to birds fed other dietary treatments on day 7 post-hatch. Besides, birds fed FSBM3 obtained the improved (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio over the birds fed control diet by 7.51% from hatch to day 35 post-hatch (1.60 vs. 1.73). Nevertheless, no difference (p > 0.05) was detected on visceral organ weight, proximate composition and physicochemical characteristics of meat while broilers offered FSBM4 obtained the lowest (p < 0.05) calcium and phosphorous in faces (2.27% and 1.21% respectively) over those offered control feed and other FSBM treatments. In conclusion, FSBM would be a better replacement for ousting FM partially or completely in broiler diet as it did not impair the growth performance and meat quality while reducing the calcium and phosphorous excretion in broilers for 35 days post-hatch.