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Seonhee Ahn,Tae Jong Son,Yoonsuk Jang,Jihyun Choi,Young Joon Park,Jiseon Seong,Hyun Hee Kwon,Muk Ju Kim,Donghyok Kwon 질병관리본부 2023 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.14 No.3
Objectives: Healthcare facilities are high-risk sites for infection. This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in a tertiary hospital after COVID-19 vaccination had been introduced in Republic of Korea. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) and shared anti-infection strategies are also assessed.Methods: The risk levels for 4,074 contacts were evaluated. The epidemiological characteristics of confirmed cases were evaluated using the chi-square test. The “1 minus relative risk” method was used to determine VE in preventing infection, progression to severe disease, and death. In the largest affected area (the 8th floor), a separate relative risk analysis was conducted. A multivariate logistic regression analysis (with 95% confidence interval [CIs]) was used to identify transmission risk factors with a significance level <10% via the backward elimination method.Results: In total, 181 cases of COVID-19 were confirmed, with an attack rate of 4.4%. Of those cases, 12.7% progressed to severe disease, and 8.3% died. In the cohort isolation area on the 8th floor, where 79.0% of the confirmed cases occurred, the adjusted odds ratio was 6.55 (95% CI, 2.99–14.33) and 2.19 (95% CI, 1.24–3.88) for caregivers and the unvaccinated group, respectively. VE analysis revealed that 85.8% of the cases that progressed to severe disease and 78.6% of the deaths could be prevented by administering a second vaccine.Conclusion: Caregiver training for infection prevention and control is necessary to reduce infection risk. Vaccination is an important intervention to reduce the risk of progression to severe disease and death.
산란계 평사 사육시 육성기 홰 재질에 따른 생산성, 혈액성상, 깃털 손상도에 미치는 영향
김희진 ( Kim¸ Hee-jin ),손지선 ( Son¸ Jiseon ),홍의철 ( Hong¸ Eui-chul ),강환구 ( Kang¸ Hwan Ku ) 한국유기농업학회 2021 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.29 No.4
The present study investigated the effect of perch material type (wood and steel) on performance, blood characteristics, and feather pecking. A total of 1,700, one-day-old female Hy-Line brown chicks were evenly assigned to two treatments (wood and steel). The body weight and uniformity of birds were investigated over a 10-week experimental period. Blood characteristics and feather pecking was conducted at week 10. The wood perch treatment (WP) and steel perch treatment (SP) did not differ in their body weight, uniformity, and serum biochemical profile (except inorganic phosphorus) of pullets. Inorganic phosphorus on serum in WP significantly higher than that in SP (P<0.05). Blood corpuscle composition (leukocyte, erythrocyte, and Heterophil / Lymphocyte ratio) of pullets did not show any significant differences among treatments at week 10. Serum corticosterone and feather score that is stress and welfare indices were not affected by the type of perch material. In conclusion, our results suggest that performance, blood characteristics, and feather pecking of pullets were not affected by the perch material type. The results of this study can serve as basic data for investigating the effects of perch type on layer pullets.
조도가 육계 병아리의 생산성, 혈액성상 및 면역 수준에 미치는 영향
김희진(Hee-Jin Kim),손지선(Jiseon Son),전진주(Jin-Joo Jeon),김현수(Hyun-Soo Kim),유아선(Are-Sun You),강환구(Hwan-Ku Kang),강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong) 한국가금학회 2021 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.48 No.3
본 연구는 육계 병아리 시기(0∼7일령)에 조명의 조도 차이에 따른 생산성, 혈액 조성 및 스트레스 수준에 미치는 영향을 대하여 조사하였다. 육계(Ross 308) 초생추(48.0±0.2 g) 수컷 240수를 조도에 따라 3처리구(20, 30 및 50 lx)로 나누어, 처리구 당 4반복, 반복 당 20수를 완전임의 배치하였다. 7일령에 체중, 사료요구율, 가슴육과 간의 무게, 소장 길이를 측정하였으며, 혈액을 채취하여 혈구, 혈청 생화학 조성, corticosterone, IL-6 및 TNF-α을 분석하였다. 체중, 증체량, 가슴근육 및 간 무게는 20 lx 처리구보다 50 lx 처리구에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났으나(P<0.05), 사료 섭취량, 사료 요구량, 소장 길이는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 혈구 분석 결과, 백혈구, 적혈구, 혈소판 조성, 혈청 생화학 성분(glucose 및 IP 제외)은 처리구 사이에서 유의적인 차이가 보이지 않았다. Corticosterone과 IL-6은 20 lx 처리구에서 높은 농도를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 결론적으로, 육계 병아리 시기에 조도를 50 lx로 처리하였을 때 증체량 및 가슴근육 비율이 증가하였으며, corticosterone 및 IL-6는 낮은 함량을 나타내었다. 따라서 병아리 시기의 높은 조도는 생산 능력, 스트레스 및 면역 상태를 개선하는 것으로 사료된다. In this study, we investigated the effects of light intensity on broiler chick growth performance, blood parameters, and stress levels. A total of 240 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers (47.97±0.166 g) were subjected to three different intensities of light (20, 30, and 50 lx), with each treatment being conducted with four replicates. On the seventh day, the growth performance (body weight, feed conversion ratio, and breast muscle and liver weights) and blood parameters were determined; the levels of serum corticosterone, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α were also evaluated. The body weight, weight gain, liver weight, and breast muscle weight of chicks exposed to a light intensity of 50 lx were significantly increased compared with those of chicks subjected to 20 lx (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the leukocyte, erythrocyte, and platelet counts and the biochemical profile exceptions being the levels of glucose and inorganic phosphorus in the blood of the chicks in the three light intensity groups. However, serum corticosterone and IL-6 levels were the highest in chicks exposed to a light intensity of 20 lx (P<0.05). In conclusion, the findings of this study indicate that broiler chicks exposed to higher light intensity (50 lx) show significant improvements in terms of weight gain and corticosterone and IL-6 levels. Thus, high light intensities enhanced the growth performance, stress levels, and immune status of broiler chicks.
임상실습을 경험한 간호대학생의 감염관리 활동의 관찰과 수행을 통한 감염관리에 대한 인식 및 심리적 갈등
김미영 ( Kim Mi Young ),김명준 ( Kim Myeongjun ),김종원 ( Kim Jongwon ),맹지선 ( Maeng Jiseon ),박수민 ( Park Sumin ),손지아 ( Son Jia ) 서울대학교 간호과학연구소 2017 간호학의 지평 Vol.14 No.1
Purpose: To study the internal psychological conflicts among nursing students during an infection control protocol carried out in the hospital by measuring their observation skills and performance during clinical training. Methods: Investigation of both pre- and post- infection control was conducted using questionnaires for clinical infection practices. We identified and evaluated the students` observation skills, clinical performance, clinical perception, and internal conflict regarding clinical infection control. We also interviewed the students as part of our study. Results: Among parameters such as clinical performance, observation skills, clinical perception, and internal conflict, the average observation skills (t=5.49, p<.001) were significantly lower, while internal conflict among students (t=-7.23, p<.001) was significantly higher than expected prior to clinical training. Generally, there was a negative correlation between observation skills and internal conflict in every aspect of infection control practice (r=-.281, p=.031). Internal conflict was significantly higher than expected in the context of hand hygiene (t=-2.135, p=.037), personal hygiene (t=-3.48, p=.002), and ventilator management (t=-3.69, p<.001). Clinical performance of students in the context of hand hygiene (t=4.69, p<.001), personal hygiene (t=2.06, p=.044), and ventilator management (t=2.68, p<.001) was significantly lower than expected prior to clinical training. Conclusion: Our findings showed that internal psychological conflict is higher when infection control practices are observed or performed to a lesser degree. Therefore, reinforcing education regarding infection control among students, such as developing a systematic program, or consecutive training and monitoring, is suggested.
Detection of benzalkonium chloride on glass surfaces using silver nanoparticles
Nguyễn Hoàng Ly,Phuong-Dong Nguyen,Sang Jun Son,이철민,Soonmin Jang,주상우,Kyungjoo Kim,Jiseon Choi,Ye-eun Joo,Jung Il Lee 대한화학회 2022 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.43 No.2
Raman reporter-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been used to investigate the detection of one member of a class of the cationic surfactant quaternary ammonium compounds, alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, also known as benzalkonium chloride (BAC). For this study, SERS was performed using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Density functional theory (DFT) of BAC on Ag6 clusters was introduced to estimate binding at the level of the B3LYP/LANL2DZ basis sets. As the chain length increased from n = 8 to 18, the binding energies were expected to increase by 2.1 kcal/mol. Methylene blue (MB) Raman reporter molecules were subsequently treated on BAC thin-film-covered glass surfaces. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images were used to determine the coverage of BAC on the glass, and field-emission electron microscope (FE-SEM) images revealed the surface morphologies of the SERS substrates. A standard calibration curve was prepared to quantify BAC within a concentration range of 0.0036805 to 36?805?ppm (r2?≥?0.99), according to the BAC-correlated SERS intensities of MB Raman peaks at ~1620?cm?1 adsorbed on AgNPs. A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation supported strong adsorption of BAC on glass surfaces.
홰 종류 및 높이 설정에 따른 육계 생산성, 행동특성, 계육품질에 미치는 영향
김현수(Hyunsoo Kim),김희진(Hee-Jin Kim),전진주(Jin-Joo Jeon),손지선(Jiseon Son),유아선(Are-Sun You),강보석(Bo-Seok Kang),홍의철(Eui-Chul Hong),강환구(Hwan-Ku Kang) 한국가금학회 2021 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.48 No.4
본 연구는 홰 종류 및 높이 설정에 따른 육계의 생산성, 혈액조성, 행동특성 및 계육품질에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 육계(Ross 308) 초생추(48.23±0.264 g) 수컷 912수를 공시하여 재질에 따른 홰 종류 3종(나무, 철제 및 플라스틱)과 높이 2수준(10→30 cm 변동, 10 cm 고정)의 3 × 2 요인으로 35일간 시험을 수행하였다. 체중 및 사료 섭취량은 개시일과 종료일에 측정하였다. 육계의 홰 이용도, 깔짚 품질, 발바닥피부염은 1, 3, 5주령에 측정하였으며, 혈청 생화학 조성 및 계육품질은 35일령에 분석하였다. 체중, 사료요구율, AST를 제외한 혈청 생화학 성분은 처리구간 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 5주령의 발바닥피부염 발생 정도는 플라스틱(1.65) 처리구가 나무(1.25)와 철제(1.30)에 보다 유의적으로 증가 하였다(P<0.05). 홰 이용성을 분석한 결과, 모든 주령에서 점등 및 소등구간에는 나무, 철재, 플라스틱 처리구 순으로 유의적으로 이용 횟수가 높았으며(P<0.05), 3주령과 5주령에는 홰의 높이 고정 처리구가 변동 처리구보다 이용 횟수가 높았다(P<0.05). 가슴육 품질 분석결과, pH, 육색, 보수력은 홰 종류 및 높이 간 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았으나, 전단력은 나무, 철재, 플라스틱 순으로 유의적으로 높은 값을 나타내었다(P<0.05). 따라서 높이 설정에서는 10 cm 고정 처리구가 높은 이용도로 나타내었으며, 홰 재질은 다른 재질에 비해 나무 재질의 이용도가 높았고 AST 및 발바닥 피부염을 개선시키는 것으로 사료된다. This study investigates the effect of perch type and height on the growth performance, footpad dermatitis (FPD), blood parameters, behavioral characteristics, and meat quality of broilers. A total of 912 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers (48.23± 0.264 g) were subjected to a three x two factorial design of three types of perch (wood, steel, plastic) and two levels of perch height (10→30 cm change, 10 cm fixed) over a five-week experiment. Growth performance, perch availability, litter quality, FPD incidence, serum biochemical parameters, and meat quality of the broilers were evaluated. There were no significant differences in the body weight, feed conversion ratio, and biochemical parameters (except for aspartate aminotransferase), pH, color, and water holding capacity. The incidence of FPD was significantly higher in the plastic perch group than in the wood and steel perch groups (P<0.05) at five weeks of age. Perch use was high in the order of wood, steel, and plastic groups in the daytime and nighttime at one, three, and five weeks of age (P<0.05). Perch use was higher in the 10 cm fixed group than the 10→30 cm group (P<0.05). The shear force of the breast significantly increased in the order of wood, steel, and plastic groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the group with a fixed perch height of 10 cm had high perch usage. Additionally, the use of wooden perches was higher than that of other materials, and it lowered the incidence of FPD in broilers.