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사용후핵연료 안전관리를 위한 정보 검증 및 분석 모듈 구축
유승욱(Seung Uk Yoo),심가희(Ga-Hee Sim),은정무(Jeong Mu Eun),차균호(Kyoon-Ho Cha) 한국에너지학회 2024 에너지공학 Vol.33 No.1
원전의 사용후핵연료는 계획된 처분절차에 따라 원전 내 습식/건식 저장시설부터 중간저장시설을 거쳐 영구처분시설까지 인도, 인수기관 및 규제기관 등 다양한 기관들이 관여한다. 만약 사용후핵연료의 잘못된 정보가 타 기관에 전달되면 처분까지의 과정에서 다양하고 심각한 문제가 발생할 수 있기 때문에 사용후핵연료 안전정보의 검증은 필수적이다. 본 논문은 XGBoost 기반의 이상치 검증을 통해 핵연료 데이터에 대해 인적오류 여부를 확인한 후 ORIGEN 코드를 통해 이상치 검증 절차에서 확인된 핵연료 데이터를 2차 검증하여, 마지막으로 2차 검증된 핵연료 데이터를 기반으로 사용후핵연료 운반/저장 용기에 대한 방사선학적 안전성을 평가하는 등 세 가지 방법으로 사용후핵연료 안전정보의 무결점성을 검증하는데 있다. According to the planned disposal procedure, spent nuclear fuel passes through various institutions from temporary storage facilities to permanent disposal facilities. Conveying incorrect information regarding spent fuel to other institutions can result in serious issues throughout the disposal process. Therefore, validation of safety information regarding spent nuclear fuel is one of the necessary issues in the disposal process. This paper employs three method to validate the data. First of all, it confirms the presence of human errors in nuclear fuel data through anomaly detection based on XGBoost. Then, it conducts a secondary validation of the nuclear fuel data identified during the anomaly detection process using the ORIGEN code. Finally, based on the double- validated nuclear fuel data, validation module analyzes the radiological safety of the transportation and storage casks for spent nuclear fuel.
Synthesis and HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitory Activities of 4-Hydroxy-5-azacoumarin 3-Carboxamides
Lee, Seung-Uk,Park, Jang-Hyun,Kwon, Tae-Hoon,Yoo, Yeong-Jae,Lee, Jae-Yeol,Shin, Cha-Gyun,Yoo, Kyung-Ho,Lee, Yong-Sup Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.9
Recently, it has been reported that the inhibition of the strand transfer function of HIV-1 integrase is necessary to obtain significant antiviral activity. Accordingly, several compounds typified by aryl 1,3-diketo acids that can inhibit strand transfer reaction of HIV-1 IN have been identified. In this work, we synthesized new 4- hydroxy-5-azacoumarin-3-carbox(thio)amides (1a-h) and evaluated for the inhibition of HIV-1 IN strand transfer reaction with a brief SAR. Among synthesized, compound 1e was the most potent HIV-1 IN inhibitor with equipotent activity to that of L-708,906. Therefore, the 4-hydroxy-5-azacoumarin ring can be considered as a new scaffold in designing more potent of HIV-1 IN inhibitors for treatment of AIDS.
Neural Substrates of Motor Imagery : Event-related Functional MRI Study 관련 기능적 자기공명영상 연구
Yoo, Seung-Schik,Choi, Byung Gil,Chung, Kyu-In,Lee, Chang-Uk 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.6
연구목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 가상운동 과정 시 대뇌 어느 부위가 활성화되는지를 알아보기 위하여 사건-관련 기능적 자기공명영상을 통해 평가하였다. 방 법 : 9명의 오른손잡이 정상인들에게 뇌 전 영역을 포괄한 일련의 T2강조 자기공명 영상을 얻기 위해 1.5 Tesla 자기공명 영상장치를 사용하였다. 음성 자극 신호에 따라 오른손을 쥐는 상상을 하게 한 후, 그 결과 발생하는 가상 운동과 연관된 혈중 산화 수준-의존성 신호 변화들을 측정하였다. 결 과 : 측정된 자료를 group 분석한 결과 내측 상부 전두회, 설상엽, 도, 중/상부 측두회, 전대상회가 활성화 되었으며 이는 양측 일차운동영역, 전운동영역, 보조운동영역에서 사건-관련 자기공명 신호 변화가 있었음을 보여주었다. 또한 한 쪽 손만 쥐는 상상을 했을 때도 양측의 운동영역들이 활성화되었고 조가비핵, 창백핵, 시상 등의 피질하 부위도 활성화되었다. 결 론 : 본 연구 결과 가상운동에 의해 운동경로에 관여된 피질, 피질하 영역들이 시각화되어 가사운동이 실제 운동의 뇌신경 부위와 공유한다는 사실을 확인하였다. objectives : We report event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) methodology to investigate human brain activity during motor imagery. Methods : A 1.5 Tesla clinical MR scanner was used in the acquisition fo a sries of T2^* weighted MR images covering the whole brain. Blood oxygenation level-dependent(BOLD) signal changes assoiated with the imagery event were subsequently detected while healthy right-handed subjects imagined clenching of a right hand cued by auditory stimulus. Results : Group analysis across nine right-handed subjects revealed activations in the medial and superior frontal gyri, cuneus, insula, middle/superior temporal gyri, and anterior cingulate gyri. Bilateral primary motor, premotor and supplementary motor areas exhibited event-related MR signal change. Although unilateral hand clenching was imagined, bilateral activation of eloquent motor areas was observed. The proposed method also allowed for the visualization of subcortical areas, such as putamen, globus pallidus and thalamus, responsive to the event of motor imagery. Conclusion : The major cortical and subcortical areas in the motor pathways were identified and visualized during motor imagery event. Our results suggest that motor imagery and actual movement share common neural substrate.
Yoo, Seung-Ah,Bae, Dong-Goo,Ryoo, Jae-Woong,Kim, Hae-Rim,Park, Gyeong-Sin,Cho, Chul-Soo,Chae, Chi-Bom,Kim, Wan-Uk Williams Wilkins 2005 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.174 No.9
<P>Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been suggested to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We previously identified a novel RRKRRR hexapeptide that blocked the interaction between VEGF and its receptor through the screening of peptide libraries. In this study, we investigated whether anti-VEGF peptide RRKRRR (dRK6) could suppress collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and regulate the activation of mononuclear cells of RA patients. A s.c. injection of dRK6 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the severity and incidence of CIA and suppressed synovial infiltration of inflammatory cells in DBA/1 mice. In these mice, the T cell responses to type II collagen (CII) in lymph node cells and circulating IgG Abs to CII were also dose-dependently inhibited by the peptides. In addition, VEGF directly increased the production of TNF-alpha and IL-6 from human PBMC. Synovial fluid mononuclear cells of RA patients showed a greater response to VEGF stimulation than the PBMC of healthy controls. The major cell types responding to VEGF were monocytes. Moreover, anti-VEGF dRK6 inhibited the VEGF-induced production of TNF-alpha and IL-6 from synovial fluid mononuclear cells of RA patients and decreased serum IL-6 levels in CIA mice. In summary, we observed first that dRK6 suppressed the ongoing paw inflammation in mice and blocked the VEGF-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines. These data suggest that dRK6 may be an effective strategy in the treatment of RA, and could be applied to modulate various chronic VEGF-dependent inflammatory diseases.</P>
Seung-Schik Yoo,Byung Gil Choi,Chang Uk Lee,Bum Soo Kim. Su Jung Yoon,Soo Jung Lee,Tae Kim,Jung Jin Kim,Chul Lee,In Ho Paik 대한신경정신의학회 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.4
연구목적: 본 연구에서는 기능적 자기공명영상법(fMRI)을 이용하여 동통 한랭 자극 동안의 소뇌 활동정도를 알아보 았다. 방 법: 6명의 건강한 자원자들을 선발하여 1.5 Tesla MR scanner 안에 누워 있는 동안 그들의 좌측 손에 0~3℃의 얼음주머니를 올려놓아 동통 한랭 자극을 주었다. 자극과 연관된 BOLD(blood oxygenation level dependent) 반응을 평가하기 위해 일련의 susceptibility-weighted MR image를 측정하였고 대뇌활동 영 역을 시각화하고 정량화하는 statistical parametric map을 작성하였다. 결 과: 한랭 자극으로 인해 동통을 느끼는 동안 전/후 대상회전(cingulate gyri), 전두엽회(prefrontal gyri), 방사 섬이랑(insula)을 포함하는 대뇌영역뿐만 아니라, 네모소엽(quadrangular lobule), 널판소엽(gracile), 반월 소엽(semilunar lobules)과 같은 몇몇 소뇌영역이 활성화되었다. 결 론: 소뇌의 특정부위는 대뇌와 함께 동통 한랭 자극의 인지 및 처리과정에 관여하는 것으로 보인다. Objectives:We report a functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) method for mapping human cerebellar activity during painful cold-stimulation. Methods:Six healthy volunteers experienced painful thermal stimulation induced by holding an ice bag(0-3C) in their left hand while lying still in 1.5 Tesla MR scanner. In order to capture the hemodynamic BOLD(blood oxygenation level dependent) response associated with the stimuli, a series of susceptibility-weighted MR images were acquired, and a statistical parametric map was generated to visualize and quantify the eloquent areas of brain activation. Results:In addition to cerebral areas including anterior/posterior cingulate gyri, prefrontal cortex, and insula, our results suggested that several cerebellar areas such as quadrangular lobule, bilateral gracile and semilunar lobules were involved in the experience of pain during cold stimulation. Conclusions:Human cerebellum, in addition to the cerebrum, is involved in the cognition and processing painful sensory stimulation
A novel pathogenic role of the ER chaperone GRP78/BiP in rheumatoid arthritis
Yoo, Seung-Ah,You, Sungyong,Yoon, Hyung-Ju,Kim, Dong-Ho,Kim, Hyun-Sook,Lee, Kyungho,Ahn, Jin Hee,Hwang, Daehee,Lee, Amy S.,Kim, Ki-Jo,Park, Yune-Jung,Cho, Chul-Soo,Kim, Wan-Uk The Rockefeller University Press 2012 The Journal of experimental medicine Vol.209 No.4
<▼1><P>The ER chaperone GRP78/BiP is crucial for the development of rheumatoid arthritis.</P></▼1><▼2><P>An accumulation of misfolded proteins can trigger a cellular survival response in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this study, we found that ER stress–associated gene signatures were highly expressed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synoviums and synovial cells. Proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF and IL-1β, increased the expression of GRP78/BiP, a representative ER chaperone, in RA synoviocytes. RA synoviocytes expressed higher levels of GRP78 than osteoarthritis (OA) synoviocytes when stimulated by thapsigargin or proinflammatory cytokines. Down-regulation of <I>Grp78</I> transcripts increased the apoptosis of RA synoviocytes while abolishing TNF- or TGF-β–induced synoviocyte proliferation and cyclin D1 up-regulation. Conversely, overexpression of the <I>Grp78</I> gene prevented synoviocyte apoptosis. Moreover, <I>Grp78</I> small interfering RNA inhibited VEGF<SUB>165</SUB>-induced angiogenesis in vitro and also significantly impeded synoviocyte proliferation and angiogenesis in Matrigel implants engrafted into immunodeficient mice. Additionally, repeated intraarticular injections of BiP-inducible factor X, a selective GRP78 inducer, increased synoviocyte proliferation and angiogenesis in the joints of mice with experimental OA. In contrast, mice with <I>Grp78</I> haploinsufficiency exhibited the suppression of experimentally induced arthritis and developed a limited degree of synovial proliferation and angiogenesis. In summary, this study shows that the ER chaperone GRP78 is crucial for synoviocyte proliferation and angiogenesis, the pathological hallmark of RA.</P></▼2>