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Neurotoxicity of microglial cathepsin D revealed by secretome analysis
Kim, Sangseop,Ock, Jiyeon,Kim, Ae Kyung,Lee, Ho Won,Cho, Je-Yoel,Kim, Deok Ryong,Park, Jae-Yong,Suk, Kyoungho Raven Press [etc.] 2007 Journal of neurochemistry Vol.103 No.6
<P>Abstract</P><P>Microglia-driven inflammatory responses have both neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects in the CNS. The excessive and chronic activation of microglia, however, may shift the balance towards neurotoxic effects. In this regard, proteins secreted from activated microglia likely play a key role in the neurotoxic effects. To characterize secreted proteins of activated microglia, conditioned media obtained from BV-2 mouse microglia cells were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis or liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Among many proteins identified in the secretome of activated microglia, an aspartic endoprotease cathepsin D has been found to mediate microglial neurotoxicity based on the following results: (i) the expression of cathepsin D protein was markedly increased in lipopolysaccharide/interferon-&ggr;-stimulated microglia compared with resting microglia as determined by western blot analysis of conditioned media; (ii) knockdown of cathepsin D expression in microglia using short hairpin RNA diminished the neurotoxicity in the coculture of microglia and neuroblastoma cells and (iii) recombinant procathepsin D protein exerted cytotoxic effects toward cultured neurons. In conclusion, cathepsin D appears to play a central role in the microglial neurotoxicity, and could be a potential biomarker or drug target for the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases that are associated with excessive microglial activation and subsequent neurotoxic inflammation.</P>
김상섭(Sangseop Kim),임연욱(Yeonwook Im) 한국학부모학회 2023 학부모연구 Vol.10 No.2
지금의 교육 패러다임은 학부모가 학생이었던 3차 산업사회의 그것과는 많이 다르다. 하지만 학부모는 자신의 역할을 충분히 인지하지 못한 채 자녀의 교육에 올바른 방향을 제시하지 못하고 있다. 우리나라 학부모 교육의 문제는 부모와 학부모의 역할과 역량을 명확하게 구분하지 않고 진행하고 있다는 것이다. 본 연구는 기존 연구들이 규정한 바와는 달리 부모와 학부모의 역할은 다르다는 점에 기초하여 학부모의 역할과 역량을 다시 조정하였다. 연구자는 문헌조사를 수행하였고 요구조사를 통해 얻은 정보를 델파이 기법으로 분석하여 부모의 역할과 구분되는 학부모만의 역할을 규정하였는데, 그것은 학습지도역할, 생활지도역할, 진로탐색역할로 요약된다. 본 연구의 목적은 학부모의 역할 수행 역량을 강화할 수 있도록 교육 프로그램을 개발하는 것이다. ADDIE 모형에 기반한 총 8차시의 교육 프로그램은 학부모가 어떤 방향으로 자녀의 학습을 지도해야 하는지, 학습의 성과를 내기 위해서는 어떻게 생활습관을 만들어야 하는지, 그래서 성인으로서 살아갈 삶을 어떻게 계획할 수 있는지에 대해 인지할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 연구에서 도출한 학부모 교육 프로그램은 학부모에게 어떤 특정한 기술이나 지식을 가르치는 내용은 배제하고 자녀의 초중고 12년간의 방대한 장기 프로젝트의 총괄매니저로서 방향을 설정하고 전체 과정을 운영하는 역할을 할 수 있는 기본 역량을 강화하는 내용으로 구성하였다. 이 연구는 기존의 학부모 교육 프로그램의 문제를 해결하기 위한 구체적인 연구의 시발점으로서 의미가 있을 것이다. The current educational paradigm is quite different from that of the 3rd industrial society where parents were students. However, parents of students(PoS) are not fully aware of their roles and therefore are unable to present the right direction for their children's education. Based on the premise that the roles of parents and PoS are different, contrary to previous research, this study re-adjusted the role and competence of PoS. This study conducted a literature review and needs analysis using the Delphi method in order to define the unique roles of PoS which differ from those of parents. They are summarized as the guidance of learning, the guidance of life, and the assistance in the career exploration. The purpose of this study is to develop an educational program to enhance the competence of PoS in performing their roles. The ADDIE model-based program consisting of 8 sessions is designed for PoS to learn how to assist their children in their study, in daily life habits for better academic achievement, and ultimately in getting the idea of how to plan life as an adult.
타겟 샘플링 검사를 통한 출하품질 향상에 관한 사례 연구
김준세 ( Junse Kim ),이창기 ( Changki Lee ),김경남 ( Kyungnam Kim ),김창우 ( Changwoo Kim ),송혜미 ( Hyemi Song ),안성수 ( Seoungsu Ahn ),오재원 ( Jaewon Oh ),조현상 ( Hyunsang Jo ),한상섭 ( Sangseop Han ) 한국품질경영학회 2021 품질경영학회지 Vol.49 No.3
Purpose: For improving outgoing quality, this study presents a novel sampling framework based on predictive analytics. Methods: The proposed framework is composed of three steps. The first step is the variable selection. The knowledge-based and data-driven approaches are employed to select important variables. The second step is the model learning. In this step, we consider the supervised classification methods, the anomaly detection methods, and the rule-based methods. The applying model is the third step. This step includes the all processes to be enabled on real-time prediction. Each prediction model classifies a product as a target sample or random sample. Thereafter intensive quality inspections are executed on the specified target samples. Results: The inspection data of three Samsung products (mobile, TV, refrigerator) are used to check functional defects in the product by utilizing the proposed method. The results demonstrate that using target sampling is more effective and efficient than random sampling. Conclusion: The results of this paper show that the proposed method can efficiently detect products that have the possibilities of user's defect in the lot. Additionally our study can guide practitioners on how to easily detect defective products using stratified sampling.