Non-destructive evaluation of steel and GFRP reinforced beams using AE and DIC techniques

Gaurav Sharma,Shruti Sharma,Sandeep K. Sharma 국제구조공학회 2021 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.77 No.5

The paper presents an investigation of the widely varying mechanical performance and behaviour of steel and Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) reinforced concrete beams using non-destructive techniques of Acoustic Emission (AE) and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) under four-point bending. Laboratory experiments are performed on both differently reinforced concrete beams with 0.33%, 0.52% and 1.11% of tension reinforcement against balanced section. The results show that the ultimate load-carrying capacity increases with an increase in tensile reinforcement in both cases. In addition to that, AE waveform parameters of amplitude and number of AE hits successfully correlates and picks up the divergent mechanism of cracking initiation and progression of failure in steel reinforced and GFRP reinforced concrete beams. AE activity is about 20- 30% more in GFRP-RC beams as compared to steel-RC beams. It was primarily due to the lower modulus of elasticity of GFRP bars leading to much larger ductility and deflections as compared to steel-RC beams. Furthermore, AE XY event plots and longitudinal strain profiles using DIC gives an online and real-time visual display of progressive AE activity and strains respectively to efficaciously depict the crack evolution and their advancement in steel-RC and GFRP-RC beams which show a close matching with the micro-and macro-cracks visually observed in the actual beams at various stages of loading.

Moment-Curvature behavior of steel and GFRP reinforced beam using AE and DIC Techniques

Gaurav Sharma,Shruti Sharma,Sandeep K. Sharma 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.84 No.2

Using non-destructive Acoustic Emission (AE) and optical Digital Image Correlation (DIC) methods, the momentcurvature behavior of steel and GFRP bars reinforced concrete beams under flexure was explored in this study. In the tension zone, laboratory studies were carried out on steel-RC and GFRP-RC beams with varying percentages of longitudinal reinforcement ratios of 0.33 %, 0.52%, and 1.11%. The distinct mechanism of cracking initiation and fracture progression of failure in steel-RC and GFRP-RC beams were effectively correlated and picked up using AE waveform characteristics of the number of AE hits and their amplitudes, AE energy as well as average frequency and duration. AE XY event plots and longitudinal strain profiles using DIC gives an online and real-time visual display of progressive AE activity and strains respectively to efficaciously depict the crack evolution and their advancement in steel-RC and GFRP-RC beams. They display a close matching with the micro and macro-cracks visually observed in the actual beams at various stages of loading.

Clinical outcomes and technical description of unstented end to side pancreaticogastrostomy by small posterior gastrotomy

Sandeep Kumar Bhoriwal,Sunil Kumar,SVS Deo,Jyoti Sharma,Ashutosh Mishra,Naveen Kumar,Jyoutishman Saikia,Kunal Dhall 한국간담췌외과학회 2021 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.25 No.2

Backgrounds/Aims: Morbidity following Whipple’s surgery largely depends upon the pancreatic stump anastomosis leak. Pancreaticogastrostomy is one of the techniques of pancreatic stump reconstruction and is described variously in the literature. Duct to mucosa pancreaticogastrostomy is described either by a large 3-4 cm posterior gastrotomy or by small gastrotomy of 2-3 mm with the use of internal stents along with. We describe clinical outcomes and technique of 2 layer end to side pancreatico-gastrostomy by a small posterior gastrotomy without the use of internal stents. Methods: Hospital records of 35 patients where the technique of, small posterior gastrotomy end to side duct to mucosa pancreatico-gastrostomy without internal stents, was used for pancreatic stump reconstruction were studied retrospectively. The data were analyzed for demographic details, stage of the disease, and short term outcomes related to surgical procedure. Results: The mean duration of surgery was 7.4 hours. Grade A, B, and C POPF were observed in 10 (28.5%), 3 (8.5%), and 1 (2.8%) of patients respectively. The mean time to remove pancreatic drain was 9 days, and the mean time to start oral feeds was 8.9 days. The mean hospital stay was 12.9 days (07-26). Thirty days mortality was 2.8%. Conclusions: Unstented duct to mucosa end to side pancreatico-gastrostomy technique is comparable with other pancreatico-gastrostomy techniques in outcomes in terms of POPF, morbidity, mortality, and hospital stay. However, to establish the superiority or inferiority of this technique, a larger study is recommended.

Microprocessor Based Multistandard Modem

Sandeep Gupta,Naresh Victor,Ashok K. Sharma,Ajit M. Karnik 대한전자공학회 1997 TENCON 87 - Computers and Communications Technolog Vol.- No.-

Antibacterial ferroelectric materials: Advancements and future directions

Sandeep Kumar,Moolchand Sharma,Till Frömling,Rahul Vaish 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.97 No.-

Ferroelectric functional materials are known for a wide range of applications including sensors, actuators,energy harvesting devices. Very recent studies based on ferroelectric materials for environmentalcleaning and bacterial remediation add a further up-and-comingfield of application of these materials. They possess several advantages over conventional methods such as biocompatible range andsustainability. Although the research area is relatively new, some substantial experimental work hasbeen done in the last couple of years. The rationale and underlying mechanisms of different publishedreports were compiled and explained to offer a better understanding of the subject. The three majormechanisms can be divided into catalysis via a change in surface potential, mediated catalysis by theformation of reactive oxide species on the ceramic surface due to piezoelectric or pyroelectric excitation,and enhanced photocatalysis due to internal electricfields. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive reporton ferroelectric materials application in the prevention of bacterial infections and to give an outlook onfurther possible research strategies.

Rapid bacterial disinfection using low frequency piezocatalysis effect

Sandeep Kumar,Moolchand Sharma,Anuruddh Kumar,Satvasheel Powar,Rahul Vaish 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.77 No.-

The present work is the systematic study of ferrocatalysis, ferro-photocatalysis, piezocatalysis and piezophotocatalysiseffects for bacterial degradation. The investigation revealed the ferrocatalysis drivenbacterial degradation rate can be improved with incorporation of light of suitable wavelength, vibrationand combination of both. Complete bacterial disinfection was achieved through piezo-photocatalysiseffect using poled BaTiO3 (BT) ceramic within 30 min of exposure. Bacterial degradation was observedusing surface potential generated on the surface of BT during mechanical vibration. Interestingly, it wasfound that lower frequency (8 Hz) was able to develop sufficient voltage to trigger bactericidal effect. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study effect of catalytic processes on the morphology ofbacterial cells.

Quality Improvement of Rayon Grade Bamboo Pulp by Modified Bleaching

Sandeep Tripathi,Om Prakash Mishra,Nirmal Sharma,Swapan Kumar Chakrabarti,Raghavan Varadhan 한국펄프·종이공학회 2011 펄프.종이기술 Vol.43 No.2

Efficacy and tolerability of exclusive enteral nutrition in adult patients with complicated Crohn’s disease

( Sanchit Sharma ),( Arti Gupta ),( Saurabh Kedia ),( Samagra Agarwal ),( Namrata Singh ),( Sandeep Goyal ),( Saransh Jain ),( Vipin Gupta ),( Pabitra Sahu ),( Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru ),( Bhaskar Kante 대한장연구학회 2021 Intestinal Research Vol.19 No.3

Background/Aims: Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN), an established modality for pediatric Crohn’s disease (CD) is seldomly utilized in adults. The present study reports the outcome of EEN in adult CD patients at a tertiary care hospital in India. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of CD patients who received EEN as a sole modality/adjunct to other treatment. The primary and secondary outcomes changed in Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and clinical response (decline in CDAI >70), respectively, at 4 and 8 weeks. Subgroup analysis evaluated response across different phenotypes, EEN formulations and prior treatment. Linear mixed effect model was created to assess the predictors of EEN response. Results: Thirty-one CD patients received EEN over median duration of 4 weeks (range, 2-6 weeks). CDAI showed a significant improvement post EEN at 4 (baseline 290 [260-320] vs. 240 [180-280], P=0.001) and 8 weeks (baseline 290 [260-320] vs. 186 [160-240], P=0.001), respectively. The cumulative clinical response rates at 4 and 8 weeks were 37.3% and 80.4% respectively. The clinical response rates at 8 weeks across B1 (n=4), B2 (n=18), and B3 (n=9) phenotypes were 50%, 78.8%, and 100% respectively (log-rank test, P=0.093). The response rates at 8 weeks with polymeric (n=8) and semi-elemental diet (n=23) were 75% and 82.6% respectively (log-rank test, P=0.49). Baseline CDAI (odds ratio, 1.008; 95% confidence interval, 1.002-1.017; P=0.046) predicted response to EEN. Conclusions: EEN was effective in inducing clinical response across different phenotypes of CD. Baseline disease activity remained the most important predictor of clinical response to EEN. (Intest Res 2021;19:291-300)

Development of nanoformulation approaches for the control of weeds

Kumar, Sandeep,Bhanjana, Gaurav,Sharma, Amit,Dilbaghi, Neeraj,Sidhu, M.C.,Kim, Ki-Hyun Elsevier 2017 Science of the Total Environment Vol.586 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The nanoformulation of pesticides has the potential to increase food productivity, while resolving the drawbacks of conventional agrochemicals, which have negative environmental impacts. In this study, herbicide (metsulfuron methyl)-loaded pectin (polysaccharide) nanoparticles were synthesized and evaluated for herbicidal activity and cytotoxicity. The optimum formulation of nanoparticles was obtained using the Central Composite Design. The basic properties (mean particle size, stability, morphology, and interaction between polymer and herbicide) were characterized using a particle size analyzer (PSA), zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The nanoparticles were found to be in size range of 50–90nm with zeta potential value of −35.9mV. The herbicide loading and herbicide encapsulation efficiency of the nanoparticles were determined to be 6.30% and 63±2%, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the herbicide-loaded nanoparticles was evaluated using healthy cell lines (Vero cell lines) and compared with that of commercial herbicide. In addition, an in-field evaluation of our nanoformulation's effects on the <I>Chenopodium album</I> plant was performed using a pectin nanocarrier. The results showed that application of herbicide-loaded nanoparticles could be used to reduce the use of herbicides with improved efficacy and environmental safety.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Synthesis and characterization of herbicide (metsulfuron methyl) loaded pectin nanocapsules </LI> <LI> Optimization studies for best nanoformulation using Central Composite Design </LI> <LI> Cytotoxicity Assessment of prepared nanoformulation and commercial formulation on vero cell lines </LI> <LI> Real field studies of herbicide-loaded nanoparticles on <I>Chenopodium album</I> plant </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Phytochemicals enriched in spices: a source of natural epigenetic therapy

Jeena Gupta,Sandeep Sharma,Neeta Raj Sharma,Dhiraj Kabra 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.2

Metabolic disorders are increasing at an alarmingrate due to the stressful lifestyle and inappropriate dietschedule. The unorganized habits influence multiple epigeneticmechanisms like DNA methylation, histone posttranslationalmodifications and miRNA expression. Theseepigenetic modifications are reversible in nature and regulategene expression in response to external stimuli withoutaltering the DNA sequence. Dietary herbs are enriched invarious phytochemicals which additionally provide nutritionand health benefits; and are known to target these epigeneticgene regulatory mechanisms. They have been in usesince human civilization for their health-promoting effects. Culinary spices and condiments which are generally usedto enhance the taste of food are rich repositories of manyphytochemicals which provides them their unique aroma. Considerable attention has been given to “Nutri-epigenetics”nowadays, with a focus on evaluating the potential ofphytochemicals to regulate/neutralize various epigenetic modifications. This article aims at highlighting the epigeneticregulatory roles of phytochemicals present in condimentsand spices with considerable health benefits.