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Kumar, Naveen,Borm, Jin-Hwan,Panwar, Vikas,Chai, Jangbom 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.13 No.8
In this paper, a hybrid trajectory tracking controller is designed for redundant robot manipulators, consisting of RBF neural network and an adaptive bound on disturbances. The controller is composed of computed torque type part, RBF neural network and an adaptive controller. The controller achieves end-effector trajectory tracking as well as subtask tracking effectively. The controller is able to learn the existing structured and unstructured uncertainties in the system in online manner. The RBF network learns the unknown part of the robot dynamics with no requirement of the offline training. The adaptive controller is used to estimate the unknown bounds on unstructured uncertainties and neural network reconstruction error. The overall system is proved to be asymptotically stable in the sense of Lyapunov. Finally, numerical simulation studies are performed on a 3R planar robot manipulator to show the effectiveness of the control scheme.
ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION of INJECTION TIMING for AN ADVANCED COMPRESSED AIR ENGINE KIT
Kumar, Akshay,Kumar, Vasu,Gupta, Dhruv,Kumar, Naveen The Institute of Internet 2015 International journal of advanced smart convergenc Vol.4 No.1
Increasing air pollution levels and the global oil crisis has become a major hindrance in the growth of our automobile sector. Traditional Internal Combustion engines running on non-renewable fuels are proving to be the major culprit for the harmful effects on environment. With few modifications and also with assistance of few additional components current small SI engines can be modified into a pneumatic engine (commonly known as Compressed Air Engines) without much technical complications where the working fluid is compressed air. The working principle is very basic as adiabatic expansion of the compressed air takes place inside the cylinder pushing the piston downwards creating enough MEP to run the crank shaft at decent RPM. With the assistance of new research and development on pneumatic engines can explore the potential of pneumatic engines as a viable option over IC engines. The paper deals with analysis on RPM variation with corresponding compressed air injection at different crank angles from TDC keeping constant injection time period. Similarly RPM variation can also be observed at different injection pressures with similar injection angle variation. A setup employing a combination of magnetic switch (reed switch), magnets and solenoid valve is used in order to injection timing control. A conclusive data is obtained after detailed analysis of RPM variation that can be employed in newly modified pneumatic engines in order to enhance the running performance. With a number of benefits offered by pneumatic engine over IC engines such as no emissions, better efficiency, low running cost, light weight accompanied by optimized injection conditions can cause a significant development in pneumatic engines without any major alteration.
HYDROGEN USE IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE: A REVIEW
Kumar, Vasu,Gupta, Dhruv,Kumar, Naveen The International Promotion Agency of Culture Tech 2015 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.3 No.2
Fast depletion of fossil fuels is urgently demanding a carry out work for research to find out the viable alternative fuels for meeting sustainable energy demand with minimum environmental impact. In the future, our energy systems will need to be renewable and sustainable, efficient and cost-effective, convenient and safe. Hydrogen is expected to be one of the most important fuels in the near future to meet the stringent emission norms. The use of the hydrogen as fuel in the internal combustion engine represents an alternative use to replace the hydrocarbons fuels, which produce polluting gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydro carbon (HC) during combustion. In this paper contemporary research on the hydrogen-fuelled internal combustion engine can be given. First hydrogen-engine fundamentals were described by examining the engine-specific properties of hydrogen and then existing literature were surveyed.
Face and Eye Recognition on Gray Image using DWT with RBFSVM Method
Naveen Kumar Ahirwar,Manish Dixit 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.6
Facial part detection or extraction shows the most important role in face and eye recognition. In this article proposed a new algorithm for Face and Eye Recognition (FER) using radial basis function support vector machine (RBFSVM) classifier. The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is used for feature extraction and selection. For the experimental results, used JAFFE and ORL database. In this algorithm, extract face component like left eye, right eye, mouth and nose. In the preprocessing stage, apply median filtering for removing noise from an image. This stage improves the feature extraction process. Finding an image from the image components is a typical task in pattern recognition. The detection rate has reached up to100% for eye recognition and for face recognition is 90-96%. The proposed system estimates the value of precision and recall. This algorithm is compared with SVM and our proposed proved better than previous algorithms.
Naveen Kumar,Ashwini Aithal Padur,Gayathri Prabhu,Swamy Ravindra Shanthakumar,Ravi Bhaskar 대한해부학회 2019 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.52 No.1
Entrapment neuropathies of the peripheral nervous system are frequently encountered due to anatomical variations. Median nerve is the most vulnerable nerve to undergo entrapment neuropathies. The clinical complications are mostly manifested by median nerve impingement in forearm and wrist areas. Median nerve entrapment could also occur at the arm, due to the presence of ligament of Struthers. Here we report a rare case of proximal entrapment of median nerve and brachial artery in the arm by an abnormally formed musculo-fascial tunnel. The tunnel was formed by the muscle fibers of brachialis and medial intermuscular septum in the lower part of arm. Due to this, the median nerve coursed deep, below the tunnel and continued distally into the forearm, underneath the pronator teres muscle and hence did not appear as a content of cubital fossa. The present entrapment of neurovascular structures in the tunnel might lead to pronator syndromes or other neurovascular compression syndromes.
Naveen Kumar Chaturvedi,Surjit Singh Katoch 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.92 No.-
Methoxyanilines are aniline derivatives that are important chemical precursors for numerous Dye and Pharmaceuticals industries. Wastewater containing methoxyanilines have high toxicity and carcinogenic properties and if discharged without prior treatment into fresh water resources, can result in possible detrimental eff ;ects to aquatic life and public health. Therefore, in this work Fenton-like oxidation was evaluated for the degradation of 2-methoxyaniline (2-MA) and 4-methoxyaniline (4-MA) separately using abundantly available Laterite soil as an alternative source of iron against commercially procured iron (CI) in Fenton-oxidation. Parameters like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), iron and initial methoxyanilines concentration were investigated for each of the methoxyanilines in separate experiments. For initial methoxyanilines concentration of 0.5 mM, the maximum methoxyanilines removal of 83.28 ± 0.26% and 86.34 ± 0.34% and COD removal of 71.91 ± 0.31% and 72.64 ± 0.29% for 2-MA and 4-MA at pH 3 and pH 2.5 was attained at laterite soil iron [LSI] of 0.05 mM respectively. From kinetic studies of 2-MA and 4-MA, reaction time was estimated to be 360 min. Degradation with LSI was found to be slower and lesser than CI, but is comparable and can be applied as a replacement of CI for treatment of wastewater containing toxic and incalcitrant chemicals.
Kumar, K. Naveen,Vijayalakshmi, L.,Choi, Jungwook,Kim, Jong Su Elsevier 2019 Journal of alloys and compounds Vol.787 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Individually and doubly doped Ce<SUP>3+</SUP>/Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>:CaLa<SUB>2</SUB>ZnO<SUB>5</SUB> (CLZO) phosphors were synthesized by a conventional sol-gel method as highly efficient luminescence-based phosphor materials. X-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscope were used to analyze the structural and morphological properties. The elements and their ionic states were determined by energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies, respectively. The assignment of the functional groups was analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectral studies. Bright red emission was obtained from Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped CLZO phosphors due to its hypersensitive transition of <SUP>5</SUP>D<SUB>0</SUB>→<SUP>7</SUP>F<SUB>2</SUB> at 626 nm with a royal blue excitation source. By increasing the Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> content, the emission features were rapidly enhanced. Moreover, the red emission related to Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> was further increased by the addition Ce<SUP>3+</SUP> ions as a co-dopant along with Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> in the CLZO matrix due to energy transfer. The energy migration from Ce<SUP>3+</SUP> to Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> is systematically illustrated by several fluorescent approaches, such as photoluminescence analysis, spectral overlap, CIE coordinates, lifetime dynamics, luminescence quantum yields, and color purity. Surprisingly, the CIE coordinates were very close to the NTSC coordinate values. Based on the results, these phosphors could be suitable materials for luminescence-based optoelectronic devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Dazzling red emission is obtained from Ce<SUP>3+</SUP>/Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>: CaLa<SUB>2</SUB>ZnO<SUB>5</SUB> phosphors. </LI> <LI> Red emission of Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> was remarkably enhanced by co-doping with Ce<SUP>3+</SUP>. </LI> <LI> Effective sensitization of Ce<SUP>3+</SUP> ions and enhanced quantum yield have been elucidated. </LI> <LI> Energy transfer from Ce<SUP>3+</SUP> to Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> ions by several fluorescence dynamics. </LI> <LI> Meritorious CCT, CIE coordinates and high red color purity have obtained. </LI> </UL> </P>