Writing World History: Which World?

Salles, Jean-Francois The Asian Association of World Historians 2015 The Asian review of world histories Vol.3 No.1

Far from being a recent world, the concept of "a [one] world" did slowly emerged in a post-prehistoric Antiquity. The actual knowledge of the world increased through millennia leaving aside large continents (Americas, part of Africa, Australia, etc.-most areas without written history), and writing history in Antiquity cannot be a synchronal presentation of the most ancient times of these areas. Through a few case studies dealing with texts, archaeology and history itself mostly in BCE times, the paper will try to perceive the slow building-up of a physical awareness and 'moral' consciousness of the known world by people of the Middle East (e.g. the Bible, Gilgamesh) and the Mediterranean (mainly Greeks).

Effects of various prophylactic procedures on titanium surfaces and biofilm formation

Di Salle, Anna,Spagnuolo, Gianrico,Conte, Raffaele,Procino, Alfredo,Peluso, Gianfranco,Rengo, Carlo Korean Academy of Periodontology 2018 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.48 No.6

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various prophylactic treatments of titanium implants on bacterial biofilm formation, correlating surface modifications with the biofilms produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, Staphylococcus aureus, and bacteria isolated from saliva. Methods: Pure titanium disks were treated with various prophylactic procedures, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine the degree to which surface roughness was modified. To evaluate antibiofilm activity, we used P. aeruginosa PAO1, S. aureus, and saliva-isolated Streptococcus spp., Bacteroides fragilis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Results: AFM showed that the surface roughness increased after using the air-polishing device and ultrasonic scaler, while a significant reduction was observed after using a curette or polishing with Detartrine ZTM (DZ) abrasive paste. In addition, we only observed a significant (P<0.01) reduction in biofilm formation on the DZ-treated implant surfaces. Conclusion: In this study, both AFM and antibiofilm analyses indicated that using DZ abrasive paste could be considered as the prophylactic procedure of choice for managing peri-implant lesions and for therapy-resistant cases of periodontitis.

A Submandibular Retropharyngeal Approach Improves Surgical Exposure

Henri Salle,François Caire 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.4

Effects of various prophylactic procedures on titanium surfaces and biofilm formation

Anna Di Salle,Gianrico Spagnuolo,Raffaele Conte,Alfredo Procino,Gianfranco Peluso,Carlo Rengo 대한치주과학회 2018 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.48 No.6

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various prophylactic treatments of titanium implants on bacterial biofilm formation, correlating surface modifications with the biofilms produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, Staphylococcus aureus, and bacteria isolated from saliva. Methods: Pure titanium disks were treated with various prophylactic procedures, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine the degree to which surface roughness was modified. To evaluate antibiofilm activity, we used P. aeruginosa PAO1, S. aureus, and salivaisolated Streptococcus spp., Bacteroides fragilis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Results: AFM showed that the surface roughness increased after using the air-polishing device and ultrasonic scaler, while a significant reduction was observed after using a curette or polishing with Detartrine ZTM (DZ) abrasive paste. In addition, we only observed a significant (P<0.01) reduction in biofilm formation on the DZ-treated implant surfaces. Conclusion: In this study, both AFM and antibiofilm analyses indicated that using DZ abrasive paste could be considered as the prophylactic procedure of choice for managing peri-implant lesions and for therapy-resistant cases of periodontitis.

Genetic variability of six indigenous goat breeds using major histocompatibility complex-associated microsatellite markers

Patricy de Andrade Salles,Silvana C. Santos,Davide Rondina,Mathias Weller 대한수의학회 2011 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.12 No.2

The present study aimed at analyzing the genetic variability of indigenous goat breeds (Capra hircus) using the MHC-associated microsatellite markers BF1, BM1818, BM1258, DYMS1, and SMHCC1. The following breeds were included: Chinese Xuhuai, Indian Changthangi and Pashmina, Kenyan Small East African (SEA) and Galla, and Albanian Vendi. To examine genetic variability, the levels of heterozigosity, degrees of inbreeding, and genetic differences among the breeds were analyzed. The mean number of alleles ranged from nine in the Galla to 14.5 in the Vendi breed. The mean observed heterozygosity and mean expected heterozygosity varied from 0.483 in the Vendi to 0.577 in the Galla breed, and from 0.767 in the SEA to 0.879 in the Vendi breed, respectively. Significant loss of heterozygosity (p < 0.01) indicated that these loci were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The mean FIS values ranged from 0.3299 in the SEA to 0.4605 in the Vendi breed with a mean value of 0.3623 in all breeds (p < 0.001). Analysis of molecular variance indicated that 7.14% and 4.74% genetic variation existed among the different breeds and geographic groups, whereas 92.86% and 95.26% existed in the breeds and the geographic groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The microsatellite marker analysis disclosed a high degree of genetic polymorphism. Loss of heterozygosity could be due to genetic drift and endogamy. The genetic variation among populations and geographic groups does not indicate a correlation of genetic differences with geographic distance.

Bilateral Pallidotomy for Dystonia with Glutaric Aciduria Type 1

Hwang, Hyung-Sik,Salles, Antonio De The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2005 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.38 No.5

Glutaric aciduria type 1 is an inborn error of lysine, hydroxylysine, and tryptophan metabolism caused by deficiency of glutaryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase. The disease often appears in infancy with encephalopathy episode that results in acute basal ganglia and white matter degeneration. The majority of patients develop a dystonic-dyskinetic syndrome. This reports 6year-old boy who had been done previous gastrostomy due to swallowing difficulty underwent bilateral pallidotomy with intraoperative electromyography[EMG] monitoring for disabling dystonia. Intraoperative EMG was used to assess stimulation thresholds required for capsular responses and muscle tone. Surface EMG electrodes were placed on the face and cricopharyngeal muscles. Exact target were directly modified according to MRI-visualized anatomy. EMG response was consistently seen prior to visual observation of muscle activity. The surgery improved dystonic symptoms without swallowing difficulty.

Performance Evaluation of Disruption Tolerant Networks on Warships’ Tactical Messages for Secure Transmissions

Davi Falcão,Ronaldo Salles,Paulo Maranhão 한국통신학회 2021 Journal of communications and networks Vol.23 No.6

Disruption tolerant networks (DTN) are an evolutionof mobile adhoc networks (MANET) working in scenarios wherenodes are sparsely distributed, with low density, connectionsare intermittent and end-to-end infrastructure is not accessible. Therefore, DTNs are recommended for high latency applicationsthat can last from hours to days. The maritime scenario hascharacteristics that would justify the use of DTN networks,but the concern with data security is also a relevant aspectin such scenarios. Thus, this paper proposes to evaluate theDTN approach in the maritime Scenario involving warships andhelicopters, for sending tactical messages, taking into considerationsecurity aspects at the perimeters where contacts occur. Weset up a simulation experiment to compare the performance ofEpidemic, Spray and Wait, and Direct Delivery protocols in threescenarios with different sizes. We also propose the application ofdiscriminant analysis as a classification technique to select secureconnections to improve the security of the DTN architecture.

Building Science, Technology, and Research Capacity in Developing Countries

Kleinsy Bonilla,Sergio Salles-Filho,Adriana Bin 과학기술정책연구원 2018 STI Policy Review Vol.9 No.1

Developing countries face numerous challenges in the process of building science, technology, and research capacity; in particular, the formation and accumulation of skilled S&T workforce. The lack of organized and sustainable higher education options (Master and Doctoral programs), nonexistent or low-quality academic programs, and the absence of research-oriented study options are some of the strong contributors for talented students to emigrate to developed countries. At the same time, the consolidation of a global knowledge economy, the internationalization of higher education, and the competition to attract foreign talent in industrialized countries present challenges for underdeveloped nations to retain their already scarce skilled human resources. In this context, student mobility has been used as a policy mechanism to cope with S&T workforce shortages in S&T laggard nations. It has also enabled opportunities for international cooperation to play a key role. While significant literature has been devoted to studying the gains of developed nations with the arrival and potential migration of the mobilized students, few scholarly inquiries have addressed the benefits and losses experienced by their countries of origin. More importantly, limited research can be found on policy options and policy implications for developing countries to deal with the dilemmas presented by the brain-drain/brain-circulation debate. The goal of this article is to study empirical evidence of an international cooperation initiative for student mobility between the Republic of Korea and Guatemala (implemented during 2009–2015). The paper analyzes this particular international cooperation experience from the perspective of the different actors involved and attempts to draw policy implications and policy options for developing countries to deal with potential risks and gains derived from international mobility for their S&T capacity building.

Development of Compact Femtosecond Yb:KYW Oscillators: Simulation and Experiment

김광훈,Juhee Yang,Elena Sall,Sergey Chizhov,Andrey Kulik,이대식,강욱,Vladimir Yashin 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.61 No.3

Numerical simulations and laboratory experiments are conducted for the development of a compact femtosecond diode-pumped Yb:KYW oscillator. For optimizing the oscillator as a seeding source for a regenerative amplifier, we simulated the output power as a function of the transmission of the output coupler, the incident pump power, and the amplification axis of the gain medium by using laser cavity analysis and design (LASCAD) software. Numerical and experimental results show good agreement for both N_p- and N_m-polarization for N_g- and N_p-cut crystals. The experimental results show that the Nm-polarization oscillator’s average power exceeds 1.2 W at the central wavelength of 1035 nm with a pulse duration 111 fs, which is suitable for the combined gain spectrum of a dual-crystal amplifier.

Inter-Racial, Gender and Aging Influences in the Length of Anterior Commissure-Posterior Commissure Line

Lee, Tae-One,Hwang, Hyung-Sik,Salles, Antonio De,Mattozo, Carios,Pedroso, Alessandra G,Behnke, Eric The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2008 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.43 No.2

Objective: The length of anterior-posterior commissure (AC-PC) in racial groups, age, gender of patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) and pallidotomy were investigated. Methods: From January 1996 to December 2003, 211 patients were treated with DBS and pallidotomy. There were 160 (76%) Caucasians, 35 (17%) Hispanics, 12 (5%) Asians and 4 Blacks (2%). There were 88 males and 52 females in DBS-surgery group and 44 males, 27 females in pallidotomy group. Mean age was 58 year-old. There were 19 males and 19 females and mean age was 54.7 years in the control group. Measurements were made on MRI and @Target software. Results: The average AC-PC distance was 24.89 mm (range 32 to 19), which increased with aging until 75 years old in Caucasian and also increased with aging in Hispanic, but the AC-PC distance peaked at 45 years old in Hispanic. The order of AC-PC distance were $24.6{\pm}2$ mm in Caucasian, $24.6{\pm}2.24$ mm in Asian, 24.53 mm in Black, $23.6{\pm}1.98$ mm in Hispanic. The average AC-PC distance in all groups was 24.22 mm in female who was mean age of 56.35, 25.28 mm in male who was mean age of 60.19 and $24.5{\pm}2$ mm in control group that was excluded because of the difference of thickness of slice. According to multiple regression analysis, the AC-PC distance was significantly correlated with age, race, and gender. Conclusion: The AC-PC distance is significantly correlated with age, gender, and race. The atlas of functional stereotaxis would be depended on the Variation of indivisual brain that can influenced by aging, gender, and race.