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Sadaf Ul Hassan,Sadaf Ahmad,Muhammad Asim Farid,Sohail Nadeem,Zulfiqar Ali,Rashid Abro,Aysha Mohyuddin,Muhammad Shahid Nazir,Murid Hussain,박영권 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.116 No.-
Hydrodesulfurization is a common but less effective technique to remove sulfur content of oils due to severe operating conditions of temperature, pressure and cost. Oxidative desulfurization(ODS) is preferable due to low cost and mild operating conditions. Coupling of the extractive catalytic desulfurization with the ODS give rise to extractive catalytic oxidative desulfurization(ECODS), a more promising for the elimination of sulfur contents of fuel oil. Herein we present by polyoxometalate based hybrids, [H2TPP][K5BVW11O40]•2CH3CN•2H2O (1), [H2TPP]2[K3BVW11O40]•CH3CN•3H2O (2), and [H2TPP]3[KBVW11O40]•2CH3CN (3) for efficient ECODS of hazardous model fuel. These were synthesized by facile method and characterized by elemental analysis, inductive couple plasma, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, thermo-gravimetric/differential thermal analysis, fourier transform infrared, and UV–visible analysis. These polyoxometalate based hybrids contain cations [H2TPP]2+(organic) and [BVW11O40]7−(inorganic) with stoichiometric ratios(i.e., 1:1, 2:1, 3:1). The stoichiometry of these hybrids was also established by Job’s analysis which agreed well with the results of TG-DTA and elemental analyses. Interestingly, an increase in catalytic efficiency is observed with increase of organic cations. The maximum ∼99.5 % conversion of dibenzothiophene at 60 °C after 2 h has been achieved with hybrid 3 which could be employed up to ten cycles without a significant decrease in efficiency.
Sadaf S. Arain,Tasneem G. Kazi,Hassan I. Afridi,Naeemullah,Kapil D. Brahman,Muhammad B. Arain,Abdul H. Panhwar,Mariam S. Arain,Shahnawaz Baloch 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.34 No.-
A green non-dispersive ionic liquid based microextraction (ND-ILmE) method was proposed for thepreconcentration of trace levels of copper (Cu2+) in artificial saliva extract (ASE) of smokeless tobaccoproducts (SLT). A 100 cm long, narrow glass column containing aqueous solution of Cu/ASE was used toincrease phase transfer ratio by providing more contact area between two medium, which drasticallyimprove the recovery of Cu-PAN complex into ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluor-ophosphate [C4mim][PF6]. At optimum experimental conditions, the detection limit and theenhancement factor were found to be 0.042 mg L 1 and 85, respectively. This method was successfullyapplied to real samples.
Sadaf Zehra,Sughra Parveen 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2018 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.18 No.2
Purpose: Vessel hemostasis during thyroidectomy reduces the risk of post-operative hypocalcaemia and is achieved using several techniques. The aim of this study was to compare the occurrence of hypocalcaemia 24-48 hours following total thyroidectomy using FOCUS harmonic scalpel (HS) versus conventional suture ligation (CSL). Methods: A prospective, single-blind, randomized trial in which 76 patients with benign multinodular goiters were randomized into two groups to receive total thyroidectomy using HS (n=38) or CSL (n=38) techniques. Patients were monitored for hypocalcaemia at 24 and 48 hours post- thyroidectomy and their length of postoperative hospital stay was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test using SPSS to detect significant differences between groups. Results: The incidence of post-operative hypocalcaemia was 15.79% in the HS group, and 36.84%, in the CSL group (p =0.033). The number of in situ parathyroid glands was significantly associated with hypocalcaemia in the CSL group (P=0.019), but not in the HS group (P=0.372). Length of hospital stay was 2.63±0.85 in the CSL group and 1.37±0.67 days in the HS group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Compared to conventional hemostasis, FOCUS HS reduces the overall risk of hypocalcaemia during thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease. The conventional suture ligation technique should be replaced with FOCUS HS technique for thyroidectomy.
Global Oil Prices and Exchange Rate: Evidence from the Monetary Model
Sadaf ZAFAR,Muhammad Arshad KHAN 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.1
The study empirically examines the impact of monetary fundamentals along with global oil prices on the Pak-rupee exchange rate using the monthly data over 2001–2020. Employing the cointegrating vector autoregressive with exogenous variables (VARX) and vector error correction model with exogenous variables (VECMX), the study analyzes the impact of domestic monetary fundamentals while considering the foreign variables as weakly exogenous. In order to account for the structural breaks in the data, the Lagrange multiplier (LM) unit root test with two structural breaks has been used (Lee & Strazicich, 2003). The empirical results reveal that the domestic and foreign monetary variables significantly explain the exchange rate movements in Pakistan both in the long run and in the short run. The dynamic properties of the monetary model of exchange rate have been analyzed using the persistence profile analysis and generalized impulse response functions (GIRFs). The results reveal that the responses of shocks to domestic monetary fundamentals are consistent with the predictions of the monetary model of the exchange rate. Furthermore, being a net oil importer, a rise in global oil prices significantly depreciated the Pak-rupee exchange rate over the period of study. The global financial crisis (GFC) and pandemic (COVID-19) were also found to cause the Pak-rupee exchange rate depreciation.
( Sadaf Mearaj ),( Ahmed Muhammad Ajaz ),( Joon Weon Choi ) 한국목재공학회 2022 한국목재공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.1
In this study soda lignin (SL) and acetylated soda lignin (ASL) were used to develop composites for food packaging applications. Both SL and ASL were mixed with PLA in different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%) by a twin-screw extruder. PLA, PLA/SL and PLA/ASL composites were analyzed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), SEM, tensile test, thermogravimetric analysis, UV-analysis, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial test and water contact angle (WCA). ASL reduced the size of lignin aggregates in the PLA matrix leading to improvement of tensile properties of all the PLA/ASL composites. The Tonset of ASL (296 ℃) was higher than SL (257 ℃) because of the higher thermal stability of ASL, all the PLA/ASL composites had higher Tonset than PLA/SL composites. PLA/SL10, PLA/SL15, PLA/SL20 showed UV-transmittance of less than 10% at 400nm demonstrating excellent UV-protection. The UV-transmittance of PLA/ASL composites was higher than PLA/SL composites. The result of the anti-oxidant test showed that the anti-oxidant properties of all the PLA/SL composites increased with increasing lignin content. PLA/SL10, PLA/SL15 and PLA/SL20 showed RSA (%) of around 30%, 58% and 86% respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of lignin for food packaging applications because of its excellent UV-shielding and anti-oxidant properties.
In vitro Antioxidant Activities of Trianthema portulacastrum L. Hydrolysates
Sadaf Yaqoob,Bushra Sultana,Muhammad Mushtaq 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.19 No.1
Hydrolysates of Trianthema portulacastrum in acidified methanol were evaluated for their total phenolic (TP) constituents and respective antioxidant activities using in vitro assays (i.e., 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, percent inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation, and ferric reducing power). The observed results indicate that root, shoot, and leaf fractions of T. portulacastrum contain 50.75∼98.09 ㎎ gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight of TP. In addition, these fractions have substantial reducing potentials (0.10∼0.59), abilities to inhibit peroxidation (43.26∼89.98%), and DPPH radical scavenging capabilities (6.98∼311.61 ㎍/mL IC50). The experimental data not only reveal T. portulacastrum as potential source of valuable antioxidants, but also indicate that acidified methanol may be an ideal choice for the enhanced recovery of phenolic compounds with retained biological potential for the food and pharmaceutical industry.
Sadaf sajjad,Amjad Sultan,Muhammad Farhanullah Khan,Imam Din Keerio,Muhammad Samiullah Channa,Muhammad Faheem Akbar 국립중앙과학관 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.14 No.2
Studies on the biology, life table parameters, and functional response of the green lacewing, Chrysoperlacarnea, were carried out on papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus, under laboratory conditions. Thehighest larval survival rate (90.50%) was recorded on S. cerealella and then on P. marginatus (85%). Thehighest life table values of C. carnea, lx (0.91), R0 (106.45), T (50 days), Mx (263), and rm (0.10), wererecorded on S. cerealella, whereas doubling time (6.95) and death rate (0.11) were recorded onP. marginatus. The 1st instar of C. carnea to both nymphal instars of P. marginatus exhibited type IIfunctional response, whereas the 2nd and 3rd instars exhibited type III functional response. Predatorssuch as C. carnea with type III functional response to P. marginatus are recognized as an effectual biologicalcontrol agent as it can efficaciously establish and manage the P. marginatus population.