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Spray-dried plasma attenuates inflammation and improves pregnancy rate of mated female mice
Song, M.,Liu, Y.,Lee, J. J.,Che, T. M.,Soares-Almeida, J. A.,Chun, J. L.,Campbell, J. M.,Polo, J.,Crenshaw, J. D.,Seo, S. W.,Pettigrew, J. E. American Society of Animal Science 2015 Journal of Animal Science Vol. No.
<P>Three studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that dietary spray-dried plasma (SDP) might improve pregnancy rate by ameliorating inflammation, using mice in an experimental model that produces a low pregnancy rate. Mated female mice (C57BL/6 strain) were purchased and shipped from a vendor (Bar Harbor, ME) to the university facility (Urbana, IL) on the day the vaginal plug was found (gestation day [GD] 1), arriving at the laboratory on GD 3 after 2 d transport by air and ground. Mice (Exp. 1: <I>n</I> = 250, 16.0 ± 1.2 g BW; Exp. 2: <I>n</I> = 202, 16.2 ± 1.2 g BW; Exp. 3: <I>n</I> = 156, 16.4 ± 1.1 g BW) were housed in individual cages and randomly assigned to dietary treatments (Exp. 1: 0 [CON] and 8% SDP in the diet, ≥ 90 mice/diet; Exp. 2: 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8% SDP in the diet, ≥ 40 mice/diet; Exp. 3: 0, 1, and 8% SDP in the diet, 48 mice/diet) fed from arrival. In Exp. 1 and 2, pregnancy of each mouse was determined on GD 17 based on BW, shape of abdomen, and inspection postmortem, and maternal growth performance from GD 3 to 17 was measured. On GD 19, pregnant mice in Exp. 2 were euthanized to measure number of fetuses and fetal and placental weights. Pregnancy rates in CON were low in both Exp. 1 (11%) and Exp. 2 (7%). The SDP consistently and markedly increased (<I>P</I> < 0.05) pregnancy rates in both Exp. 1 (49%) and Exp. 2 (35–43%) compared with the CON. In Exp. 3, 12 randomly selected mice were euthanized immediately after they arrived as an initial group. From GD 4 to 7, randomly selected mice were also euthanized each day (12 mice/diet). After euthanasia, the abdominal cavity was opened to check pregnancy by uterine inspection and to collect blood and uterus samples for immune measurements. The SDP increased (<I>P</I> < 0.05; 40 vs. 15%) pregnancy rate compared with the CON. Concentrations of indicators of inflammation and stress (uterine TNF-α and IFN-γ, and serum TNF-α, C-reactive protein, and cortisol) were greatest (<I>P</I> < 0.05) and an anti-inflammatory cytokine (TGF-β1) was lowest (<I>P</I> < 0.05) soon after arrival, on GD 3 or 4. The SDP decreased (<I>P</I> < 0.05) the uterine concentrations of TNF-α and IFN-γ, and serum TNF-α, C-reactive protein, and cortisol, compared with the CON, but increased (<I>P</I> < 0.05) the uterine concentration of TGF-β1. In conclusion, dietary SDP improves the low pregnancy rates in this model, apparently by attenuating inflammation.</P>
Magnetic Order in YbMn2Si2 - Neutron Scattering Investigation
S. J. Campbell,M. Hofmann,R. A. Mole,K. Prokes,D. Wallacher,J. L. Wang 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.63 No.3
Several mechanisms have been proposed to account for the structural and magnetic behaviour ofthe rare earth intermetallic compound YbMn2Si2 below the transition that occurs around 30 K. We have carried out detailed neutron diffraction measurements over the temperature range 0.3 -52 K and confirm both an antiferromagnetic structure with ferromagnetic Mn (001) planes coupledantiferromagnetically along the c-axis above 30 K and the absence of ordering of the Yb sublatticedown to 0.3 K. The decrease in intensity of the (111) reflection around 30 K together with theappearance of satellite reflections of propagation vector k = 00 12 confirm that the magnetic unitcell doubles along the c axis below TN2. The resultant molecular field acting on half of the ionsbelow 30 K removes the degeneracy of the Kramers doublets of the Yb3+ ions and accounts forthe additional excitations observed below 30 K compared with the inelastic neutron scatteringabove 30 K.
( Dhruv S. Shankar ),( Amanda Avila ),( Brittany Declouette ),( Kinjal D. Vasavada ),( Isabella B. Jazrawi ),( Michael J. Alaia ),( Guillem Gonzalez-lomas ),( Eric J. Strauss ),( Kirk A. Campbell ) 대한슬관절학회 2023 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.35 No.-
Background The purpose of this study was to identify socioeconomic predictors of time to initial evaluation, time to surgery, and postoperative outcomes among lateral patellar instability patients undergoing medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR). Methods We conducted a retrospective review of patients at our institution who underwent primary MPFLR with allograft from 2011 to 2019 and had minimum 12-month follow-up. Patients were administered an email survey in January 2022 to assess symptom history, socioeconomic status, and postoperative outcomes including VAS satisfaction and Kujala score. Predictors of time to initial evaluation, time to surgery, and postoperative outcomes were identified using multivariable linear and logistic regression with stepwise selection. Results Seventy patients were included in the cohort (mean age 24.8 years, 72.9% female, mean follow-up time 45.7 months). Mean time to evaluation was 6.4 months (range 0-221) and mean time to surgery was 73.6 months (range 0-444). Having a general health check-up in the year prior to surgery was predictive of shorter time to initial evaluation (β = - 100.5 [- 174.5, - 26.5], p = 0.008). Home ownership was predictive of shorter time to surgery (β = - 56.5 [- 104.7, 8.3], p = 0.02). Full-time employment was predictive of higher VAS satisfaction (β = 14.1 [4.3, 23.9], p = 0.006) and higher Kujala score (β = 8.7 [0.9, 16.5], p = 0.03). Conclusion Markers of higher socioeconomic status including having a general check-up in the year prior to surgery, home ownership, and full-time employment were predictive of shorter time to initial evaluation, shorter time to surgery, and superior postoperative outcomes. Level of evidence: IV, retrospective case series.
( Andrew S. Bi ),( Dhruv S. Shankar ),( Kinjal D. Vasavada ),( Nina D. Fisher ),( Eric J. Strauss ),( Michael J. Alaia ),( Kirk A. Campbell ) 대한슬관절학회 2022 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.34 No.-
Background: Patient-reported allergies (PRAs) are often stigmatized as a potential nonmodifiable risk factor for increased pain and worse functional outcomes following surgery. However, there is a dearth of literature directly assessing the impact of PRAs on outcomes in sport surgeries such as medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR). The purpose of our study was to determine whether PRAs were associated with worse outcomes following MPFLR. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients who underwent MPFLR at our institution from 2011 to 2019. Patients were included if they had at least 12 months of follow-up. PRAs were obtained from preoperative medical assessments and categorized by drug class. Demographic and perioperative data were obtained from electronic medical records. Postoperative outcomes were measured using a telephone survey and included recurrent instability, Visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, VAS for sports, Kujala score, MPFL-Return to Sport after Injury (MPFL-RSI) score, and overall satisfaction score. Multiple linear regression was used to determine association between PRAs and outcome measures, and p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The cohort included 141 MPFLR. Most patients were female (98, 70%) with an average age of 25 years (range 12-56 years). Average follow-up time was 47 months. Forty-seven patients (33%) reported at least one PRA. There were no significant differences in postoperative pain, functional outcomes, satisfaction, or return to sport between patients with or without PRAs (all p > 0.05). Absence of antibiotic PRAs was predictive of higher VAS (p < 0.007), but there were no other differences. There were no significant differences in outcomes between patients without PRAs, PRAs without a concomitant psychiatric disorder, or PRAs with a concomitant psychiatric disorder (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, PRAs with or without concomitant psychiatric diagnoses are not associated with worse postoperative pain, functional outcomes, or satisfaction following MPFLR with allograft, dispelling common misconceptions that increased number of allergies or psychiatric diagnoses lead to inferior surgical outcomes. Presence of antibiotic allergies was associated with lower VAS postoperative pain score. Future research should investigate the relationship between PRAs and other surgeries in the field of sports medicine.
Growth of aligned MWNT arrays using a micrometer scale local-heater at low ambient temperature.
Dittmer, S,Ek-Weis, J,Nerushev, O A,Campbell, E E B American Scientific Publishers 2010 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.10 No.6
<P>Ambient room temperature growth of aligned multi-walled carbon nanotube arrays on micrometer scale local heaters is demonstrated. High growth rates of up to 8.8 microm per second have been achieved and the growth has been monitored in situ using optical microscopy. The growth starts and ends abruptly over the length of the local heater. The terminal length of the nanotubes shows a clear dependence on growth temperature and small inhomogeneities in temperature across the heater are seen to lead to interesting microstructure of the arrays. The activation energy for growth was seen to be consistent with earlier reports for acetylene growth of nanotubes on iron catalysts.</P>
Direct observation of a two-dimensional hole gas at oxide interfaces
Lee, H.,Campbell, N.,Lee, J.,Asel, T. J.,Paudel, T. R.,Zhou, H.,Lee, J. W.,Noesges, B.,Seo, J.,Park, B.,Brillson, L. J.,Oh, S. H.,Tsymbal, E. Y.,Rzchowski, M. S.,Eom, C. B. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018 Nature materials Vol.17 No.3
<P>The discovery of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface(1) has resulted in the observation of many properties(2-5) not present in conventional semiconductor heterostructures, and so become a focal point for device applications(6-8). Its counterpart, the two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG), is expected to complement the 2DEG. However, although the 2DEG has been widely observed(9), the 2DHG has proved elusive. Herein we demonstrate a highly mobile 2DHG in epitaxially grown SrTiO3/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures. Using electrical transport measurements and in-line electron holography, we provide direct evidence of a 2DHG that coexists with a 2DEG at complementary heterointerfaces in the same structure. First-principles calculations, coherent Bragg rod analysis and depth-resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy consistently support our finding that to eliminate ionic point defects is key to realizing a 2DHG. The coexistence of a 2DEG and a 2DHG in a single oxide heterostructure provides a platform for the exciting physics of confined electron-hole systems and for developing applications.</P>