A S tudy o n Non-Muslim Consumer s' P urchase Intention of H alal Food in Korea

Tulsi Paudel(Tulsi Paudel ),Wen Ya Li(Wen Ya Li),Yeong Gug Kim(Yeong Gug Kim),Yunho Ji(Yunho Ji) People & Global Business Association 2024 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.29 No.2

Design, Synthesis, and Functional Evaluation of 1, 5-Disubstituted Tetrazoles as Monoamine Neurotransmitter Reuptake Inhibitors

Paudel Suresh,Wang Shuji,Kim Eunae,Kundu Dooti,Min Xiao,Shin Chan Young,Kim Kyeong-Man 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.2

Tetrazoles were designed and synthesized as potential inhibitors of triple monoamine neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin) reuptake based on the functional and docking simulation of compound 6 which were performed in a previous study. The compound structure consisted of a tetrazole-linker (n)-piperidine/piperazine-spacer (m)-phenyl ring, with tetrazole attached to two phenyl rings (R1 and R2). Altering the carbon number in the linker (n) from 3 to 4 and in the spacer (m) from 0 to 1 increased the potency of serotonin reuptake inhibition. Depending on the nature of piperidine/piperazine, the substituents at R1 and R2 exerted various effects in determining their inhibitory effects on monoamine reuptake. Docking study showed that the selectivity of tetrazole for different transporters was determined based on multiple interactions with various residues on transporters, including hydrophobic residues on transmembrane domains 1, 3, 6, and 8. Co-expression of dopamine transporter, which lowers dopamine concentration in the biophase by uptaking dopamine into the cells, inhibited the dopamine-induced endoctytosis of dopamine D2 receptor. When tested for compound 40 and 56, compound 40 which has more potent inhibitory activity on dopamine reuptake more strongly disinhibited the inhibitory activity of dopamine transporter on the endocytosis of dopamine D2 receptor. Overall, we identified candidate inhibitors of triple monoamine neurotransmitter reuptake and provided a theoretical background for identifying such neurotransmitter modifiers for developing novel therapeutic agents of various neuropsychiatric disorders.

Effect of volumetric organic loading rate (OLR) on H₂ and CH₄ production by two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and brown water

Paudel, S.,Kang, Y.,Yoo, Y.S.,Seo, G.T. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Waste management Vol.61 No.-

<P>Two-stage anaerobic digestion system consisting of two continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) operating at mesophillic conditions (37 degrees C) were studied. The aim of this study is to determine optimum Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of the two-stage anaerobic digester system for hydrogen and methane production. This paper also discusses the effect of OLR with change in HRT on the system. Four different HRTs of 48, 24, 12, 8 h were monitored for acidogenic reactor, which provided OLR of 17.7, 34.8, 70.8, 106 g VS/L.d respectively. Two HRTs of 15 days and 20 days were studied with OLR of 1.24 and 1.76 g VS/L.d respectively in methanogenic reactor. Hydrogen production at higher OLR and shorter HRT seemed favorable 106 g VS/L.d (8 h) in acidogenic reactor system. In methanogenic reactor system HRT of 20 day with OLR of 1.24 g VS/L.d was found optimum in terms of methane production and organic removal. The result of this study illustrated the optimum HRT of 8 h and 20 days in acidogenic stage and methanogenic stage for maximum hydrogen and methane production. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Pretreatment of agricultural biomass for anaerobic digestion: Current state and challenges

Paudel, Shukra Raj,Banjara, Sushant Prasad,Choi, Oh Kyung,Park, Ki Young,Kim, Young Mo,Lee, Jae Woo Elsevier Applied Science 2017 Bioresource technology Vol.245 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The anaerobic digestion (AD) of agricultural biomass is an attractive second generation biofuel with potential environmental and economic benefits. Most agricultural biomass contains lignocellulose which requires pretreatment prior to AD. For optimization, the pretreatment methods need to be specific to the characteristics of the biomass feedstock. In this review, cereal residue, fruit and vegetable wastes, grasses and animal manure were selected as the agricultural biomass candidates, and the fundamentals and current state of various pretreatment methods used for AD of these feedstocks were investigated. Several nonconventional methods (electrical, ionic liquid-based chemicals, ruminant biological pretreatment) offer potential as targeted pretreatments of lignocellulosic biomass, but each comes with its own challenges. Pursuing an energy-intensive route, a combined bioethanol-biogas production could be a promising a second biofuel refinery option, further emphasizing the importance of pretreatment when lignocellulosic feedstock is used.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Pretreatment is guided for anaerobic digestion of agricultural biomass. </LI> <LI> Characteristics of feedstock must be considered for optimizing pretreatment. </LI> <LI> Alkali and steam explosion leads to an enhanced anaerobic digestion performance. </LI> <LI> PEF, ionic liquids and rumen system can be future challenges for pretreatment. </LI> <LI> Pretreatment is significant in a combined biorefinery with agricultural residue. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

An isolated, compact early-type galaxy with a diffuse stellar component: merger origin?★

Paudel, S.,Lisker, T.,Hansson, K. S.,Huxor, A. P. Oxford University Press 2014 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.443 No.1

Properties of paper-based biodegradable pots for growing seedlings

PAUDEL BHOLA,Basak Jayanta Kumar,Kaushalya Madhavi Bolappa Gamage,김나은,Lee Gun-Ho,최경문,Choi Young-Woo,김현태 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.6

The disadvantageous properties of plastic and plastic wastes have resulted in biodegradable products and seedling pots gain- ing popularity. Agents of diff erent strengths and sizes agents are usually mixed in the paper pulp to enhance the strength of paper-based seedlings pots. In this study, three types of paper-based seedling pots, with 0%, 3% and 5% of additives, named N0, N3, and N5, respectively, were tested to determine their physical, mechanical and biodegradation properties. Water absorption test results showed that the absorption rate was higher in N0, followed by N3 and N5; a similar pattern was observed in the maximum water absorption, thickness and solubility tests. The tensile test showed the highest strength in N3 (3.9 MPa), followed by N0 (3.8 MPa) and N5 (3.1 MPa) at 0% moisture absorption. However, at 100% moisture absorption, tensile strength dropped the most for N0 (82%), followed by N3 (67%) and N5 (65%). Hybrid broccoli seeds germinated inside the plant factory showed that 95% germinated within 13 days. Temporal data showed that germination time was most delayed in N5. No signifi cant diff erence was found in seedling height; however, a signifi cant diff erence was found in the root to shoot height ratio. N0 showed maximum weight and tensile strength loss on the biodegradation test, followed by N3 and N5. At the end of the fourth week, the tensile strength of N0, N3 and N5 was found to be 0.25 MPa, 0.69 MPa and 0.79 MPa, respectively, which was reduced by 94%, 81%, and 79%, respectively, compared to their initial strength. In conclusion, pots containing water repellent additives showed diff erent properties than those without additives, except for germination and seedling growth. This experiment confi rms that using additives will increase the strength of paper-based seedling pots in wet conditions without aff ecting the germination and growth of seedlings.

ADAM10 mediates <i>N</i>‐cadherin ectodomain shedding during retinal ganglion cell differentiation in primary cultured retinal cells from the developing chick retina

Paudel, Sharada,Kim, Yeoun‐,Hee,Huh, Man‐,Il,Kim, Song‐,Ja,Chang, Yongmin,Park, Young Jeung,Lee, Kyoo Won,Jung, Jae‐,Chang Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2013 Journal of cellular biochemistry Vol.114 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Here, we examined the role of ADAM10 during retinal cell differentiation in retinal sections and in vitro cultures of developing chick retinal cells from embryonic day 6 (ED6). Immunohistochemistry showed that ADAM10 is abundantly expressed in the inner zone of neuroblastic layer at ED5, and it becomes more highly expressed in the ganglion cell layer at ED7 and ED9. Western blotting confirmed that ADAM10 was expressed as an inactive pro‐form that was processed to a shorter, active form in control cultured cells, but in cultures treated with an ADAM10 inhibitor (GI254023X) and ADAM10‐specific siRNA, the level of mature ADAM10 decreased. Phase‐contrast microscopy showed that long neurite extensions were present in untreated cultures 24 h after plating, whereas cultures treated with GI254023X showed significant decreases in neurite extension. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that there were far fewer differentiated ganglion cells in ADAM10 siRNA and GI254023X‐treated cultures compared to controls, whereas the photoreceptor cells were unaltered. The Pax6 protein was more strongly detected in the differentiated ganglion cells of control cultures compared to ADAM10 siRNA and GI254023X‐treated cultures. <I>N</I>‐cadherin ectodomain shedding was apparent in control cultures after 24 h, when ganglion cell differentiation was observed, but ADAM10 siRNA and GI254023X treatment inhibited these processes. In contrast, <I>N</I>‐cadherin staining was strongly detected in photoreceptor cells regardless of ADAM10 siRNA and GI254023X treatment. Taken together, these data indicate that the inhibition of ADAM10 can inhibit Pax6 expression and <I>N</I>‐cadherin ectodomain shedding in retinal cells, possibly affecting neurite outgrowth and ganglion cell differentiation. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 942–954, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>

Enhancement of pradimicin production in Actinomadura hibisca P157-2 by metabolic engineering

Paudel, S.,Lee, H.C.,Kim, B.S.,Sohng, J.K. G. Fischer 2011 MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH Vol.167 No.1

Actinomadura hibisca P157-2 produces potent antifungal antibiotic pradimicins. To enhance pradimicin production, ACCase from Streptomyces coelicolor and two regulatory genes metK1-sp and afsR-sp from Streptomyces peuticus were overexpressed into A. hibisca using an integration vector pSET152 under the control of the strong ermE* promoter. The constructed plasmids pACC152, pSAM152, pAFS152, pSA152 and pASA152 were transformed into A. hibisca by the conjugal method. The recombinant strains A. hibisca ACC, A. hibisca SAM, A. hibisca AFS, A. hibisca SA and A. hibisca ASA produced greater amounts of pradimicin than the parental strain with an increment of 3-fold, 2.1-fold, 2.8-fold, 3.4-fold, and 4.5-fold respectively. To increase the acetyl-coA pool, the strains were fed methyl oleate and acetate as carbon sources. The production was increased in wild-type A. hibisca, A. hibisca ACC and A. hibisca ASA by 2.2-fold, 4.12-fold and 5.98-fold respectively, with oleate and by 1.12-fold, 3.8-fold and 5.38-fold respectively with acetate. The strain A. hibisca ASA remained the best strain for the production of pradimicin. The higher transcriptional levels of structural genes in the strains harboring metK1-sp and afsR-sp compared to the wild-type strain were consistent with the enhanced production.

Estimation of antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp toxicity of plants collected from Oymyakon region of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russia

Paudel, Babita,Bhattarai, Hari Datta,Kim, Il Chan,Lee, Hyoungseok,Sofronov, Roman,Ivanova, Lena,Poryadina, Lena,Yim, Joung Han BioMed Central 2014 BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH Vol.47 No.1

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Several plants are reported to be produced various biological active compounds. Lichens from the extreme environments such as high altitude, high UV, drought and cold are believed to be synthesized unique types of secondary metabolites than the other one. Several human pathogenic bacteria and fungi have been muted into drug resistant strains. Various synthetic antioxidant compounds have posed carcinogenic effects. This phenomenon needs further research for new effective drugs of natural origin. This manuscript aimed to screen new source of biological active compounds from plants of subarctic origin.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A total of 114 plant species, including 80 species of higher plants, 19 species of lichens and 15 species of mosses, were collected from Oymyakon region of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russia (63˚20′N, 141˚42′E–63˚15′N, 142˚27′E). Antimicrobial, DPPH free radical scavenging and brine shrimp (Artemia salina) toxicity of all crude extract were evaluated. The obtained result was analyzed and compared with commercial standards. A total of 28 species of higher plants showed very strong antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50, 0.45-5.0 μg/mL), 13 species showed strong activity (DPPH IC50, 5-10 μg/mL), 22 species showed moderate antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50,10-20 μg/mL) and 17 species showed weak antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50 more than 20 μg/mL). Similarly, 3 species of lichen showed strong antioxidant activity, one species showed moderate and 15 species showed weak DPPH reducing activity. In addition, 4 species of mosses showed moderate antioxidant activity and 11 species showed weak antioxidant activity. Similarly, extracts of 51 species of higher plants showed antimicrobial (AM) activity against Staphylococcus aureus and 2 species showed AM activity against Candida albicans. Similarly, 11 species of lichen showed AM activity against S. aureus and 3 species showed AM activity against Escherichia coli. One species of moss showed AM activity against S. aureus. And finally, one species of higher plant Rheum compactum and one species of lichen Flavocetraria cucullata showed the toxicity against Brine shrimp larvae in 100 μg/mL of concentration.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>The experimental results showed that subarctic plant species could be potential sources of various biologically active natural compounds.</P>

A CASE STUDY FOR A TIDAL INTERACTION BETWEEN DWARF GALAXIES IN UGC 6741

Paudel, Sanjaya,Duc, P. A.,Ree, C. H. IOP Publishing 2015 The Astronomical journal Vol.149 No.3