Dimethyl Sulfoxide Suppresses Mouse 4T1 Breast Cancer Growth by Modulating Tumor-Associated Macrophage Differentiation

Rui Deng,Shi-min Wang,Tao Yin,Ting-hong Ye,Guo-bo Shen, Ling Li,Jing-yi Zhao,Ya-xiong Sang,Xiao-gang Duan,Yu-Quan Wei 한국유방암학회 2014 Journal of breast cancer Vol.17 No.1

Purpose: The universal organic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)can be used as a differentiation inducer of many cancer cells andhas been widely used as a solvent in laboratories. However, itseffects on breast cancer cells are not well understood. The aimof this study is to investigate the effect and associated mechanismsof DMSO on mouse breast cancer. Methods: We appliedDMSO to observe the effect on tumors in a mouse breast cancermodel. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were tested byflow cytometry. Ex vivo tumor microenvironment was imitated by4T1 cultured cell conditioned medium. Enzyme-linked immunosorbentassays were performed to detect interleukin (IL)-10 andIL-12 expression in medium. To investigate the cytotoxicity ofDMSO on TAMs, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assays were performed. Results: We foundthat DMSO produced tumor retardation when injected into mouseperitoneal cavities in a certain concentration range (0.5–1.0 mg/g). Furthermore, as detected by flow cytometry, TAM subtypeswere found to be transformed. We further imitated a tumor microenvironmentin vitro by using 4T1 cultured cell conditionedmedium. Similarly, by using low concentration DMSO (1.0%–2.0% v/v), TAMs were induced to polarize to the classically activatedmacrophage (M1-type) and inhibited from polarizing intothe alternatively activated macrophage (M2-type) in the conditionedmedium. IL-10 expression in tumors was reduced, whileIL-12 was increased compared with the control. Furthermore, wereported that 2.0% (v/v) DMSO could lead to cytotoxicity in peritonealmacrophages after 48 hours in MTT assays. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that DMSO could exert antitumor effects in4T1 cancer-bearing mice by reversing TAM orientation and polarizationfrom M2- to M1-type TAMs. These data may providenovel insight into studying breast cancer immunotherapy.

Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus in Women with Abnormal Cervical Cytology in an Esophageal Carcinoma High Incidence Area of China

Mai, Rui-Qin,Huang, Bo,Shen, Ling,Zhang, Guo-Hong,Hong, Liang-Li,Cai, Ying-Mu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.12

Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) could affect genesis of both cervical and esophageal cancers. The type-specific distribution of HPV in cervical cytology abnormalities of women has remained unclear in Shantou, an esophageal cancer high-incidence area of China. Data from 22,617 women who were subjected to cervical HPV DNA testing with simultaneous cervical cytological examination during 2009-2013 were therefore here retrospectively evaluated in a hospital-based study. Overall, 16.2% (3,584/22,114)of women with normal cytology were HR-HPV positive, with HPV-52 (4.07%) as the most common type followed by -16 (3.63%), and -58 (2.46%). Prevalence of HR-HPV was 50.3% (253/503) in women with cervical cytological abnormalities, of which in ASC-H 71.4%, ASC-US 39.1%, HSIL 80.3% and LSIL 73.7%. HPV-58 (14.12%) was the most common type for all cervical cytological abnormalities, followed by HPV-16 (13.72%), and -52 (12.72%), while the more common HPV-16 type in ASC-H (42.9%) and HSIL (36.1%), HPV-52 and -58 were the most common types for ASC-US (10.3%) and LSIL (25%), respectively. Multiple HPV co-infections were identified in 33.2% (84/253) cytology abnormalities with positive HR-HPV, and the highest prevalence of HPV-58/16 combination in HSIL (28.6%, 6/21) was observed. Our data indicated a relative high prevalence of HPV-58 and -52 in women with cervical cytological abnormalities, which should be considered in the development of next-generation vaccines for Shantou.

Discovery of New S-RNase Genes and Identification of S-genotype in Japanese Plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.)

Shao Xi Huang,Shao Ling Zhang,Hua Qing Wu,Hong Feng Song,Zhi Jun Shen,Yang Rui Li 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Beta-asarone Induces LoVo Colon Cancer Cell Apoptosis by Up-regulation of Caspases through a Mitochondrial Pathway in vitro and in vivo

Zou, Xi,Liu, Shen-Lin,Zhou, Jin-Yong,Wu, Jian,Ling, Bo-Fan,Wang, Rui-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

Beta-asarone is one of the main bioactive constituents in traditional Chinese medicine Acorus calamu. Previous studies have shown that it has antifungal and anthelmintic activities. However, little is known about its anticancer effects. This study aimed to determine inhibitory effects on LoVo colon cancer cell proliferation and to clarify the underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Dose-response and time-course anti-proliferation effects were examined by MTT assay. Our results demonstrated that LoVo cell viability showed dose- and time-dependence on ${\beta}$-asarone. We further assessed anti-proliferation effects as ${\beta}$-asarone-induced apoptosis by annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide assay usinga flow cytometer and observed characteristic nuclear fragmentation and chromatin condensation of apoptosis by microscopy. Moreover, we found the apoptosis to be induced through the mitochondrial/caspase pathway by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reducing the Bcl-2-to-Bax ratio, in addition to activating the caspase-9 and caspase-3 cascades. Additionally, the apoptosis could be inhibited by a pan-caspase inhibitor, carbobenzoxy-valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-[O-methyl]-fluoromethylketone (Z-VAD-FMK). When nude mice bearing LoVo tumor xenografts were treated with ${\beta}$-asarone, tumor volumes were reduced and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays of excised tissue also demonstrated apoptotic changes. Taken together, these findings for the first time provide evidence that ${\beta}$-asarone can suppress the growth of colon cancer and the induced apoptosis is possibly mediated through mitochondria/caspase pathways.

Barrier Optical Waveguide Fabrication in LiNbO3 Crystal by 4.5-MeV LithiumIon Implantation with Low Dose

Xue-Lin Wang,Ding-Yu Shen,Gang Fu,Hong-Ji Ma,Ke-Ming Wang,Rui Nie,Shi-Ling Li 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.1

A barrier planar waveguide was fabricated in z-cut LiNbdO3 crystals by 4.5-MeV lithium ion implantation at a dose of 3 £ 1014 ions/cm2 at room temperature. Dark modes were observed by the prism-coupling method with wavelengths of both 633 nm and 1539 nm. The refractive index pro¯les were reconstructed by using the re°ectivity calculation method. There were about 1.1 % and 0.7 % decreases at the optical barriers of the ordinary and extraordinary refractive index at the wavelength at 633 nm, and the positions of the optical barriers were close to those of the damage peaks calculated by the TRIM098 (Transport of Ions in Matter) code. It is found that the refractive index change may be partly due to the damage induced by nuclear collision.

MicroRNA-155 Expression has Prognostic Value in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Digestive System Carcinomas

Xu, Tong-Peng,Zhu, Can-Hong,Zhang, Jian,Xia, Rui,Wu, Feng-Lei,Han, Liang,Shen, Hua,Liu, Ling-Xiang,Shu, Yong-Qian Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Objective: Published data have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) could play a potential role as diagnostic and prognostic indicators in cancers. Data for the predictive value of microRNA-155 are inconclusive. The aim of the present analysis was therefore to evaluate the role of miR-155 in prognosis for patients with a variety of carcinomas. Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE. Data were extracted from studies comparing overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS) or cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with carcinoma with higher miR-155 expression and those with lower levels. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of miR-155 for clinical outcome were calculated. Results: A total of 15 studies were included. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for OS of higher miR-155 expression in cancerous tissue was 1.89 (95% CI: 1.20-2.99, P=0.006), which could markedly predict poorer survival in general cancer. For RFS/CSS, elevated miR-155 was also associated with poor prognosis of cancer (HR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.10-2.05, P=0.01). On subgroup analysis, the pooled HR for OS in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was 2.09 (95% CI: 0.68-6.41, P > 0.05), but for RFS/CSS was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.05-1.55, P=0.015), with statistical significance; the pooled HRs for OS and RFS/CSS in digestive system neoplasms were 3.04 (95% CI: 1.48-6.24, P=0.003) and 2.61 (95% CI: 1.98-3.42, P<0.05), respectively. Conclusions: The results indicated that the miR-155 expression level plays a prognostic role in patients with cancer, especially NSCLCs and digestive system carcinomas.

The Gastrointestinal Metabolic Effects of Oat Product Based-β- glucan in Mice

Ji-Lin Dong,Wen-Li Zhang,Juan Lin,Rui-Ling Shen,Jun-Ling Si,Ying Wang 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.3

Most physiologicalstudies studies of oat beta(β)-glucan have shown positive effects on regulation ofblood glucose and lipid metabolism related to β-glucanmetabolism in the gastrointestinal tract. The effects of oatβ-glucan (OG), oat bran (OB), oat flour (OF), and oatmeal(OM) containing different levels of β-glucan on digestibilityand degradation were investigated in normal mice. Chymeviscosity, the gastric emptying rate, the gastrointestinaltransit rate, the activities of intestinal digestive enzymes,the levels of plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) and motlin(MOT), and degradation of β-glucan in oat products weredetermined. β-glucans from different oat products increasedintestinal chyme viscosity, delayed gastric emptying,promoted enterokinesia, decreased amylase, trypsin, lipase,and Na+, K+-ATPase activities, and promoted secretion ofCCK and MOT, especially for oat derived β-glucan.