Ambulatory dispersal of the susceptible and propargite-resistant strains of Tetranychus urticae and its influence on pesticide resistance dynamics

Riaz Shah,Sue P. Worner 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1

The distribution of resistant individuals is determined by the amount of movement between populations. Thedifferential rate of dispersal of a susceptible and a pesticide-resistant strain could influence the resistance dynamicsunder field conditions. The dispersal rate and dispersal efficiency of the susceptible and propargiteresistantstrains of Tetranychus urticae were measured in separate-release and mixed-release experiments. Thediffusion coefficient (D) of both strains did not differ significantly (P > 0.344) and an estimate of the asymptoticrate of advance (2√rD) (for one generation) was estimated at 0.1047 and 0.0930 cm per degree day for thesusceptible and propargite-resistant strains, respectively. The dispersal efficiency of the two strains differedsignificantly (P < 0.005) as more susceptible mites than propargite-resistant mites crossed into specified zonesmore quickly after 290 and 366 degree days. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher number of susceptible adults,immatures and eggs were found in the outer most zone of an arena as compared to that of the propargiteresistantmites. The bioassay of the two strains showed a similar pattern of the spread of the adult females acrossthe specified zones in the mixed-release experiment. The relatively lower dispersive tendency of the propargiteresistantT. urticae and the smaller proportion of adult females exhibiting that behaviour increase the chances ofdeveloping resistant ‘hotspots’ in field specially after an acaricide application.

Insecticide resistance monitoring in whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Oman

Shah Riaz,Al-Sadi Abdullah Mohammed,Scott Ian M.,AlRaeesi Ali,AlJahdhami Ali Abdullah 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.4

The sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, is an important insect pest of many crops including vegetables through direct feeding damage and as a vector of several plant viruses. Intensive use of insecticides has led to the development of insecticide resistance in global B. tabaci populations. This study was conducted to establish susceptibility levels to deltamethrin, thiamethoxam and pyriproxyfen in seven geographically different populations of B. tabaci MEAM1 adults in Oman. All B. tabaci populations showed very low to low level of resistance (2.1–12.3 fold) to deltamethrin. All B. tabaci populations showed no resistance to very low level of resistance to thiamethoxam (2.2–6.2 fold) and pyriproxyfen (2.4–3.5 fold). A likelihood analysis showed the possibility for control failure in two populations (Barka and Salalah) to deltamethrin, however, no possible failure was detected in all populations for thiamethoxam and pyriproxyfen. An insecticide resistance dynamics study in one population (SQU-1) showed a loss in susceptibility to deltamethrin with increase in the LC 50 value from 25.1 mg L −1 to 84.5 mg L −1 between 2017 and 2019 resulting in 5.3 fold increase in RF. The study results determined that several B. tabaci populations are at the initial stages of resistance development to deltamethrin and cross-resistance with thiamethoxam and pyriproxyfen. Vegetable farmers in Oman, the Barka and Salalah regions in particular, should be cautious in the repeated use of one class of insecticide alone.

Regenerating the Pulp–Dentine Complex Using Autologous Platelet Concentrates: A Critical Appraisal of the Current Histological Evidence

Riaz Amna,Shah Furqan A. 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2021 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.18 No.1

Autologous platelet concentrates such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) have gained overwhelming popularity in regenerative endodontics. Clinical evidence reveals the lack of a particular advantage of using PRP or PRF over an evoked blood clot in promoting canal wall thickening and/or continued root development in immature necrotic teeth. Moreover, despite stimulating tissue repair and repopulating the root canals of immature and mature permanent teeth, the new vital tissue may not possess the functional activity of the native pulp tissue.To better understand the origin, nature, and long-term fate of the tissue types found within the pulp space, we critically examine all available histo-/morphological evidence for pulp–dentine complex regeneration using PRP and/or PRF, alone or together with an evoked blood clot, specialised or unspecialised primary cells, and other biomaterials.Histological data from clinical studies is scant. Reportedly, the inner dentinal surface supports cementum-like tissue formation, but this interface likely deviates in structure and function from the native cementodentinal junction. Presence of bone-like tissue within the pulp space is intriguing since de novo osteogenesis requires closely coordinated recruitment and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells. Compared to untreated necrotic teeth, an evoked blood clot (with/without PRF) improves fracture resistance. Tooth regeneration using PRF and dental bud cells is unreliable and the constituent neoformed tissues are poorly organised.PRP/PRF fail to demonstrate a significant advantage over an induced blood clot, alone. The true nature of neoformed tissues remains poorly characterised while their response to subsequent insult/injury is unexplored.

Laparoscopy offers better clinical outcomes and long-term survival in patients with right colon cancer: experience from national cancer center

Shah, Muhammad Fahd,Naeem, Awais,Haq, Ihtisham ul,Riaz, Shehryar,Shakeel, Osama,Panteleimonitis, Sofoklis,Khattak, Shahid,Syed, Aamir Ali,Parvaiz, Amjad 대한대장항문학회 2022 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.38 No.3

Purpose: Laparoscopic approach to colonic tumor requires skill set and resources to be established as routine standard of care in most centers around the world. It presents particular challenge in country like Pakistan due to economic constrain and lack of teaching and training opportunities available for surgeons to be trained to deliver such service. The aim of this study is to look into changing practice of our institution from conventional approach of open to laparoscopic surgery for right colon cancer. Methods: Consecutive patients between January 2010 to December 2018 who presented to Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre with diagnosis of right colon (cecum, ascending and transverse colon) adenocarcinoma and underwent surgical resections were included in this study. Results: A total of 230 patients with adenocarcinoma of the right colon underwent curative resections during the study period. Of these, 141 patients (61.3%) underwent laparoscopic surgery while open resection was performed in 89 patients (38.7%). Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage III (80.9% vs. 54.8%, P=0.021) was significantly better if these patients underwent laparoscopic surgery while a trend toward better DFS (96.7% vs. 84.1%, P=0.111) was also observed in AJCC stage II patients, although this difference was not significant. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the adoption of a laparoscopic approach for right colon cancer over 10 years. With a standardized approach and using the principle of oncological surgery, we incorporated this in our minimally invasive surgery practice at our institution.

Molecular detection and characterization of ovine herpesvirus-2 using heminested PCR in Pakistan

Aayesha Riaz,Inga Dry,Robert Dalziel,S. U. Rehman,Muhammad Ali Shah,Hafiz Muhammad Naeem Akhtar,Arfan Yousaf,Ruqia Baig 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.4

Background: Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a highly fatal lymphoproliferative disease of cattle, deer, bison, water buffalo, and pigs caused by the gamma-herpesviruses alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (AlHV-1) and ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2). Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OvHV-2 in sheep, goats, cattle, and buffalo in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, by applying molecular and phylogenetic methods. Methods: Blood samples were aspirated from sheep (n = 54), goat (n = 50), cattle (n = 46) and buffalo (n= 50) at a slaughterhouse and several farms. The samples were subjected to heminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the OvHV-2 POL gene and the OvHV-2 ORF75 tegument protein gene. Results: The highest percentage of MCF positive samples was in sheep (13%), whereas goat, cattle, and buffalo had lower positive percentages, 11%, 9%, and 6.5%, respectively. Four OvHV-2-positive PCR products obtained from sheep samples were sequenced. The sequences obtained were submitted to the NCBI GenBank database (MK852173 for the POL gene; MK840962, MK852171, and MK852172 for the ORF75 tegument protein gene). Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close similarity of study sequences with those of worldwide samples. Conclusions: This study is the first cross-sectional study on the prevalence and molecular detection of OvHV-2 in apparently healthy cattle and buffalo that could be carrying OvHV-2 acquired from OvHV-2-positive sheep and goats. The results indicate that OvHV-2 is circulating in Pakistan. Further studies are needed to characterize OvHV-2 and elucidate further its prevalence.

Analytical Study of Face Recognition Techniques

Sabir Shah,Faizanullah,Sajid Ali khan,Naveed Riaz 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2013 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.6 No.4

Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Constituents from Indigofera oblongifolia

Ahsan Sharif,Ejaz Ahmed,Abdul Malik,Naheed Riaz,Nighat Afza,Sarfraz Ahmad Nawaz,Muhammad Arshad,Muhammad Raza Shah,Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary 대한약학회 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.7

Indigin, alkylated xanthene (1) and indigoferic acid (2) have been isolated from the chloroform soluble fraction of Indigofera oblongifolia, along with β-sitosterol (3) and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (4), which are reported for the first time from this species. Their structures were determined through spectroscopic techniques. Both the new compounds 1 and 2 showed significant activity against enzyme lipoxygenase, while 2 further showed moderate inhibition against BChE.

Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Constituents from Indigofera oblongifolia

Sharif, Ahsan,Ahmed, Ejaz,Malik, Abdul,Riaz, Naheed,Afza, Nighat,Nawaz, Sarfraz Ahmad,Arshad, Muhammad,Shah, Muhammad Raza,Chaudhary, Muhammad Iqbal The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.7

Indigin, alkylated xanthene (1) and indigoferic acid (2) have been isolated from the chloroform soluble fraction of Indigofera oblongifolia, along with $\beta$-sitosterol (3) and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (4), which are reported for the first time from this species. Their structures were determined through spectroscopic techniques. Both the new compounds 1 and 2 showed significant activity against enzyme lipoxygenase, while 2 further showed moderate inhibition against BChE.