Synthesis and Characterization of Aqueous Curcumin Polyurethane Dispersions Using Isophorone Diisocyanate: Efficiency Evaluation as Textile Finishes

Noureen Arshad,Khalid Mahmood Zia,Muhammad Tahir Hussain,Muhammad Mubeen Arshad,Mohammad Zuber 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.7

This research is aimed at synthesizing some novel bio-based ecofriendly finishes for textile applications. A seriesof curcumin based aqueous polyurethane (PU) dispersions (CUR-WDPU-IPDI) was prepared using polyethylene glycol(PEG), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and dimethylolpropanoic acid (DMPA) via conventional pre-polymer process. Thedual functionality is incorporated by hindering the polyurethane pre-polymer with isocyanate (-NCO) groups and curcuminwas utilized to extend the polymeric chain to achieve the CUR-WDPU-IPDI dispersion. Structural characteristics of thesynthesized polymer were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer. The performance of PUdispersions for increasing the color fastness properties (washing, rubbing and perspiration fastness) of plain weave fabrics(poly/cotton, dyed and printed) was studied. Furthermore, the mechanical strength (pilling, tearing and tensile strength) of thesaid fabric (dyed, printed and white) was also evaluated. Results clearly exhibited that the color fastness properties andmechanical strength of the dyed, printed and white fabrics were improved significantly after treating with the PU finishes. These synthesized curcumin-based water dispersible polyurethanes (CUR-WDPU-IPDI) finishing agents are greenerproducts which are particularly derivatized from bio-resources. Owing to their biocompatibility, copious availability, lessnoxious, greener methodology and ecofriendly nature, these can be utilized as attractive ecofriendly alternatives for textileapplications.

A Secure Face Cryptogr aphy for Identity Document Based on Distance Measures

Arshad, Nasim,Moon, Kwang-Seok,Kim, Jong-Nam Korea Multimedia Society 2013 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.16 No.10

Face verification has been widely studied during the past two decades. One of the challenges is the rising concern about the security and privacy of the template database. In this paper, we propose a secure face verification system which generates a unique secure cryptographic key from a face template. The face images are processed to produce face templates or codes to be utilized for the encryption and decryption tasks. The result identity data is encrypted using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Distance metric naming hamming distance and Euclidean distance are used for template matching identification process, where template matching is a process used in pattern recognition. The proposed system is tested on the ORL, YALEs, and PKNU face databases, which contain 360, 135, and 54 training images respectively. We employ Principle Component Analysis (PCA) to determine the most discriminating features among face images. The experimental results showed that the proposed distance measure was one the promising best measures with respect to different characteristics of the biometric systems. Using the proposed method we needed to extract fewer images in order to achieve 100% cumulative recognition than using any other tested distance measure.

Digital Forensics: Review of Issues in Scientific Validation of Digital Evidence

Arshad, Humaira,Jantan, Aman Bin,Abiodun, Oludare Isaac Korea Information Processing Society 2018 Journal of information processing systems Vol.14 No.2

Digital forensics is a vital part of almost every criminal investigation given the amount of information available and the opportunities offered by electronic data to investigate and evidence a crime. However, in criminal justice proceedings, these electronic pieces of evidence are often considered with the utmost suspicion and uncertainty, although, on occasions are justifiable. Presently, the use of scientifically unproven forensic techniques are highly criticized in legal proceedings. Nevertheless, the exceedingly distinct and dynamic characteristics of electronic data, in addition to the current legislation and privacy laws remain as challenging aspects for systematically attesting evidence in a court of law. This article presents a comprehensive study to examine the issues that are considered essential to discuss and resolve, for the proper acceptance of evidence based on scientific grounds. Moreover, the article explains the state of forensics in emerging sub-fields of digital technology such as, cloud computing, social media, and the Internet of Things (IoT), and reviewing the challenges which may complicate the process of systematic validation of electronic evidence. The study further explores various solutions previously proposed, by researchers and academics, regarding their appropriateness based on their experimental evaluation. Additionally, this article suggests open research areas, highlighting many of the issues and problems associated with the empirical evaluation of these solutions for immediate attention by researchers and practitioners. Notably, academics must react to these challenges with appropriate emphasis on methodical verification. Therefore, for this purpose, the issues in the experiential validation of practices currently available are reviewed in this study. The review also discusses the struggle involved in demonstrating the reliability and validity of these approaches with contemporary evaluation methods. Furthermore, the development of best practices, reliable tools and the formulation of formal testing methods for digital forensic techniques are highlighted which could be extremely useful and of immense value to improve the trustworthiness of electronic evidence in legal proceedings.

Interactive Effect of Nitrogen and Sulphur on Yield and Quality ofGroundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)

Arshad Jamal,Inayat Saleem Fazli,Saif Ahmad,Malik Zainul Abdin 한국작물학회 2006 Korean journal of crop science Vol.51 No.7

Randomized field experiments were conducted to study the interactive effect of sulphur (S) and nitrogen (N) on seed, oil and protein yield of two cultivars of groundnut {Arachis hypogea: cv Amber (V1); cv Kaushal, (V2)}. Two dosage levels of sulphur (0 and 20 kg ha-1) and two dosage levels of N (23.5 and 43.5 kg ha-1) in various combinations were tested as micronutrient treatments, T1, T2, and T3. Results indicated significant enhancement of the yield components namely seed and oil yield as well as seed protein. Maximum response was observed with treatment T3 (having 20 kg S and 43.5 kg N ha-1). Increase in seed and oil yields of 90% and 103 % in V1, and 79 and 90 % in V2, respectively were recorded as compared to the control treatment T1 (having 0 kg S and 23.5 kg N ha-1). Effect of S and N interaction was observed on protein, N and S content in seeds. The results obtained by these experiments clearly suggest that judicious balanced application of N and S could improve the yield.

Pretreatment of Albino Rats with Methanolic Fruit Extract of Randia Dumetorum (L.) Protects against Alcohol Induced Liver Damage

Arshad Ali Noorani 대한약리학회 2012 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.16 No.2

Alcohol abuse and its medical and social consequences are a major health problem in many areas of the world. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of methanolic fruit extract of Randia dumetorum (L.) on alcohol-induced liver damage in rats. Rats were divided into five different groups (n=6), group I served as a control, group II received ethanol (3 ml/100 g/day p.o.), group III served as standard group and received silymarin (50 mg/kg p.o.), group IV and V served as extract treatment groups and received 50 & 100 mg/kg methanolic extract of R. dumetorum. All the treatment protocols followed 30 days and after rats were sacrificed blood and liver were used for biochemical and histological studies, respectively. The activities serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), direct bilirubin (DB), total bilirubin (TB) and lipid peroxidation were statistically increased in rats exposed to alcohol while total protein and glutathione decreased compared to control rats. Treatment with R. dumetorum significantly decreased the elevated levels of ALT, AST, TG, DB, TB and lipid peroxidation compared to the group exposed to alcohol only. R. dumetorum significantly resulted in increased levels of total protein and reduced glutathione compared to the group that received alcohol only. Histology of the liver section of the animals treated with R. dumetorum improved the hepatotoxicity caused by alcohol. Hence the study concluded that R. dumetorum has potential hepatoprotective activity.

Direct laser written channel and spin-coated thin film waveguides in an amorphous chalcogenide (Ga:La:S)

Arshad K. Mairaj,Richard J. Curry,Daniel W. Hewak 한국통신학회 2002 한국통신학회 기타 간행물 Vol.2002 No.10

Synthesis of Novel (Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Zn,Ni)₃O₄ High Entropy Oxide with Characterization of Structural and Functional Properties and Electrochemical Applications

Arshad, Javeria,Janjua, Naveed Kausar,Raza, Rizwan The Korean Electrochemical Society 2021 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.12 No.1

The new emerging "High entropy materials" attract the attention of the scientific society because of their simpler structure and spectacular applications in many fields. A novel nanocrystalline high entropy (Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Zn,Ni)3O4 oxide has been successfully synthesized through mechanochemical treatment followed by sintering and air quenching. The present research work focuses on the possibility of single-phase formation in the aforementioned high entropy oxide despite the great difference in the atomic sizes of reactant alkaline earth and 3d transition metal oxides. Structural properties of (Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Zn,Ni)3O4 high entropy oxide were explored by confirmation of its single-phase Fd-3m spinel structure by x-ray diffraction (XRD). Further, nanocrystalline nature and morphology were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Among thermal properties, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the (Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Zn,Ni)3O4 high entropy oxide is thermally stable up to a temperature of 1200℃. Whereas phase evolution in (Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Zn,Ni)3O4 high entropy oxide before and after sintering was analyzed through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Electrochemical studies of (Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Zn,Ni)3O4 high entropy oxide consists of a comparison of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of water and hydrazine hydrate oxidation. Values of activation energy for water oxidation (9.31 kJ mol-1) and hydrazine hydrate oxidation (13.93 kJ mol-1) reveal that (Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Zn,Ni)3O4 high entropy oxide is catalytically more active towards water oxidation as compared to that of hydrazine hydrate oxidation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is also performed to get insight into the kinetics of both types of reactions.

Analysis of multiscale mortar mixed approximation of nonlinear elliptic equations

Arshad, Muhammad,Park, Eun-Jae,Shin, Dong-wook Elsevier 2018 COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS - Vol.75 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A multiscale mortar mixed finite element method is established to approximate non-linear second order elliptic equations. The method is based on non-overlapping domain decomposition and mortar finite element methods. The existence and uniqueness of the approximation are demonstrated, and a priori <SUP> L 2 </SUP> -error estimates for the velocity and pressure are derived. An error bound for mortar pressure is proved. Convergence estimates of the mortar pressure are based on a linear interface formulation having the discrete-pressure dependent coefficient. Optimal order convergence is achieved on the fine scale by a proper choice of mortar space and polynomial degree of approximation. The quadratic convergence of the Newton–Raphson method is proved for the nonlinear algebraic system arising from the mortar mixed formulation of the problem. Numerical experiments are performed to support theoretic results.</P>

Fragility Analysis Of Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frames subjected to Near-Field Ground Motions

Arshad K. Hashmi,Alok Madan 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.1

The present paper deals with the analytical investigation of representative planar masonry-infilled reinforced concrete (MIRC) frames for seismic fragility, performance and demand. The study includes the effect of various patterns of layout for infills panels along the height of reinforced concrete frames. The analytical investigation has been done using non-linear dynamic time-history analysis under collection of forty SAC near-field ground motions using rational hysteretic models for structural components; the results are presented in terms of parameters such as peak inter-storey drift, residual drift and damage index. The outcomes of study are used to develop seismic fragility curves in probabilistic terms for the generic medium-rise MIRC frames. The developed fragility curves can be useful tools in predicting the life and economic losses in the future seismic event. In the current study, efforts are also made to develop curves demonstrating seismic performance and seismic demand for representative MIRC frames.

Antimicrobial Evaluation and Characterization of Copper Nanoparticles Synthesized by the Simple Chemical Method

Arshad Hussain Wazir,Qudratullah Khan,Nisar Ahmad,Faizan Ullah,Imdadullah Quereshi,Hazrat Ali 한국재료학회 2022 한국재료학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are considered of great importance due to their high catalytic and antimicrobial activities. This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of CuNPs, and on their antibacterial/antifungal activities. A copper salt (copper sulfate pentahydrate) as precursor, starch as stabilizing agent, and ascorbic acid as reducing agent were used to fabricate CuNPs. The resulting product was characterized via different techniques such as X-ray diffractrometry (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to confirm its characteristic properties. Employing the Scherrer formula, the mean crystallite sizes of copper (Cu) and cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanocrystals were found to be 29.21 and 25.33 nm, respectively, as measured from the main X-ray diffraction peaks. The functional groups present in the resulting CuNPs were confirmed by FTIR. In addition, the engineered CuNPs showed antibacterial and antifungal activity against tested pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains.