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Hafiz Badaruddin Ahmad,Muhammad Zuber,Yasir Abbas,Mazhar Hussain,Naeem Akhtar,Tariq Mahmood Ansari,Khalid Mahmood Zia,Shafiq Ahmad Arain 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.2
Arsenic and nitrate are ill-famed environmental pollutants that are responsible for various lethal diseases. Their removal from drinking water is very essential. In present study, newly synthesized alumina supported nano zerovalentzinc (Alumina-nZvZ) has been tested to remove arsenic and nitrate. Quantitative analyses of arsenic have beenperformed spectrophotometrically and while that of nitrates ions colorimetrically. After optimization of time and amountof adsorbent, Langmuir, Freundlich and D-R isotherms were applied to determine different parameters for the assessmentof adsorption. Synthesized samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate porosityand void size. Alumina coated with reduced ZnCl2 showed better efficiency for removal of arsenic and nitrate ions. Kinetics of adsorption was evaluated by using pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order rate equations.
Molecular detection and characterization of ovine herpesvirus-2 using heminested PCR in Pakistan
Aayesha Riaz,Inga Dry,Robert Dalziel,S. U. Rehman,Muhammad Ali Shah,Hafiz Muhammad Naeem Akhtar,Arfan Yousaf,Ruqia Baig 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.4
Background: Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a highly fatal lymphoproliferative disease of cattle, deer, bison, water buffalo, and pigs caused by the gamma-herpesviruses alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (AlHV-1) and ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2). Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OvHV-2 in sheep, goats, cattle, and buffalo in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, by applying molecular and phylogenetic methods. Methods: Blood samples were aspirated from sheep (n = 54), goat (n = 50), cattle (n = 46) and buffalo (n= 50) at a slaughterhouse and several farms. The samples were subjected to heminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the OvHV-2 POL gene and the OvHV-2 ORF75 tegument protein gene. Results: The highest percentage of MCF positive samples was in sheep (13%), whereas goat, cattle, and buffalo had lower positive percentages, 11%, 9%, and 6.5%, respectively. Four OvHV-2-positive PCR products obtained from sheep samples were sequenced. The sequences obtained were submitted to the NCBI GenBank database (MK852173 for the POL gene; MK840962, MK852171, and MK852172 for the ORF75 tegument protein gene). Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close similarity of study sequences with those of worldwide samples. Conclusions: This study is the first cross-sectional study on the prevalence and molecular detection of OvHV-2 in apparently healthy cattle and buffalo that could be carrying OvHV-2 acquired from OvHV-2-positive sheep and goats. The results indicate that OvHV-2 is circulating in Pakistan. Further studies are needed to characterize OvHV-2 and elucidate further its prevalence.