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Reis de Souza, T.C.,Aumaitre, A.,Mourot, J.,Peiniau, J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.4
Thirty piglets weaned at 24.5 d of age ($6.9{\pm}0.5kg$) randomly alloted to 3 treatments were used to investigate the effect of dietary tallow on average performance, digestibility of nutrients, metabolic utilization of energy and body composition at 25 kg. Weaned piglets respond to increasing levels of dietary tallow from 0 to 4% and 8% by digestive and metabolic adaptation. Apparent fecal digestibility of fat (AFDf) was highly correlated with the level of dietary tallow (X as % of fat extracted after HCl hydrolysis) by the following curvilinear equation of regression: $AFDf=33.8+6.9X-0.3X^2$. Feed intake expressed as DE was only significantly increased at the higher inclusion level of tallow. But neither average daily gain, nor feed conversion was affected by the addition of fat. On the other hand, body composition at 25 kg was equally affected, by both levels of supplementary fat; dry matter and energy content in the body were significantly higher (p<0.01) in piglets receiving tallow. As a consequence, the energy cost of the live weight gain was also increased from 23 to 24.7 MJ DE/kg (p<0.02) and the efficiency of energy deposition was decreased from 3.2 to 2.8 MJ DE/MJ deposited energy (p<0.01) in the presence of dietary tallow. An increase in the level of fat stimulated the activity of pancreatic lipase up to a constant value of $22{\pm}1.4IU/mg$ protein but conversely depressed the activity of amylase from 300 to 100 IU/mg of protein. The activity of liver acetyl CoA carboxylase and malic enzyme in the perirenal fat were low lind not affected by dietary fat; the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was high. Opposite to that, the activity of acetyl CoA carboxylase and malic enzyme in the perirenal and backfat were higher than in the liver and both were significantly reduced by the inclusion of fat in the diet. A direct deposition of dietary fat has been demonstrated by increasing the energy and lipid content of the empty body weight gain between 7 and 25 kg of live weight, and decreasing the efficiency of digestible energy utilization.
Luis Souza Lima de Souza Reis,Neuza Maria Frazatti-Gallina,Rosana de Lima Paoli,Rogerio Giuffrida,Avelino Albas,Eunice Oba,Paulo Eduardo Pardo 대한수의학회 2008 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.9 No.4
This study evaluated the effect of Matricaria chamomilla and vaccination frequency on cattle immunization against rabies. Four groups (n = 15 /group) were treated with or without Matricaria chamomilla CH12 and vaccinated with one or two doses of rabies vaccine (30 day interval). No effect of chamomile was found on cattle immunization against rabies; however, antibody titers were protective in cattle vaccinated twice, while 93.3% of cattle vaccinated only once had titers under 0.5 UI/ml after 60 days. In conclusion, the use of chamomile did not alter the humoral immune response in cattle, and two vaccine doses are suggested for achieving protective antibody titers.
( Diego Ariel De Lima ),( Lana Lacerda De Lima ),( Nayara Gomes Reis De Souza ),( Rodrigo Amorim De Moraes Perez ),( Marcel Faraco Sobrado ),( Tales Mollica Guimaraes ),( Camilo Partezani Helito ) 대한슬관절학회 2021 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.33 No.-
Objectives: To compare the clinical outcomes of isolated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with combined reconstruction of the ACL and anterolateral ligament (ALL) of the knee. Methods: A search was conducted on the PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases, in line with the PRISMA protocol. The indexation terms used were “anterior cruciate ligament” OR “acl” AND “anterolateral ligament” AND “reconstruction.” Articles that compared patients submitted to combined ACL and ALL reconstruction with those submitted to isolated reconstruction of the ACL, with levels of evidence I, II, and III, were included. Studies with follow-up of less than 2 years and articles that did not use “anatomical” techniques for ALL reconstruction, such as extraarticular tenodesis, were excluded. A meta-analysis with R software was conducted, with a random effects model, presented as risk ratio (RR) or mean difference (MD), with a 95% confidence level (CI) and statistically significant at p < 0.05. Results: Ten articles were selected, with a total of 1495 patients, most of whom were men, of whom 674 submitted to ACL and ALL reconstruction and 821 to isolated ACL reconstruction. Combined ACL and ALL reconstruction exhibited a statistically significant advantage in residual pivot shift (RR 0.34, 95% CI 0.24-0.47, I<sup>2</sup> = 0%, p < 0.01), rerupture rate (RR 0.34, 95% CI 0.19-0.62, I<sup>2</sup> = 0%, p < 0.01), Lachman test (RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.40-0.86, I<sup>2</sup> = 21%, p < 0.01), and postoperative Lysholm score (MD 2.28, CI 95% 0.75-3.81, I<sup>2</sup> = 73%, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Combined ACL and ALL reconstruction obtained better postoperative clinical outcomes when compared with isolated ACL reconstruction, especially in reducing residual pivot shift and rerupture rate.
Dhones Rodrigues de Andrade,Flavia Adriane de Sales Silva,Jardeson de Souza Pinheiro,Julia Travassos da Silva,Nathalia Veloso Tropia,Leticia Artuzo Godoi,Rizielly Saraiva Reis Vilela,Fernando Alerrand Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.12
Objective: This study was realized to evaluate the effects of supplementation with blends of water and fat-soluble vitamins on animal performance and carcass traits of young Nellore bulls. Methods: Forty-three Nellore bulls, with an initial weight of 261±27.3 kg and a mean age of 8±1.0 months, were used. Five animals were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment (reference group), to determine the initial empty body weight of the bulls that remained in the experiment. The remaining 38 bulls were fed ad libitum and distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2×2 factorial scheme, with or without supplementation of water-soluble (B-blend+ or B-blend-) and fat-soluble (ADE+ or ADE-) vitamin blends. Diets were isonitrogenous (120 g of crude protein/kg dry matter [DM] of total mixed ration) and consisted of a roughage:concentrate rate of 30:70 based on total DM of diet. The experiment lasted 170 days, with 30 days of adaptation and 140 days for data collection. At the beginning and end of the experimental period, the bulls were weighed to determine the average daily gain. To estimate the apparent digestibility of nutrients and microbial efficiency, spot collections of feces and urine were performed for five consecutive days. Results: DM, ashes, organic matter, crude protein, ethereal extract, neutral detergent fiber corrected for residual ash and residual nitrogenous, and N intake and apparent digestibility were not influenced by vitamin supplementation, but total digestible nutrients intake and non-fibrous carbohydrates digestibility were influenced by B complex vitamin supplementation. Nitrogen balance, microbial efficiency, and performance data were not influenced (p>0.05) by vitamin supplementation. Conclusion: Vitamin supplementation (a blend of water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins or their combinations) does not influence the animal performance and carcass traits of young Nellore bulls.
Cinnamon: an aromatic condiment applicable to chronic kidney disease
Moreira Laís de Souza Gouveia,Brum Isabela de Souza da Costa,de Vargas Reis Drielly C. M.,Trugilho Liana,Chermut Tuany R.,Esgalhado Marta,Cardozo Ludmila F. M. F.,Stenvinkel Peter,Shiels Paul G.,Mafra 대한신장학회 2023 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.42 No.1
Cinnamon, a member of the Lauraceae family, has been widely used as a spice and traditional herbal medicine for centuries and hasshown beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. However, its effectiveness as a therapeutic intervention forchronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unproven. The bioactive compounds within cinnamon, such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamicacid, and cinnamate, can mitigate oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperglycemia, gut dysbiosis, and dyslipidemia, which are commoncomplications in patients with CKD. In this narrative review, we assess the mechanisms by which cinnamon may alleviate complicationsobserved in CKD and the possible role of this spice as an additional nutritional strategy for this patient group.
de Oliveira Renata Aqel,Weissheimer Theodoro,Só Gabriel Barcelos,da Rosa Ricardo Abreu,Souza Matheus Albino,Ribeiro Rodrigo Gonçalves,Só Marcus Vinicius Reis 대한치과보존학회 2023 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.48 No.1
Objectives This study evaluated the dentinal penetration depth of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in root canals with and without preparation and different irrigant activation protocols. Materials and Methods Sixty-three bovine mandibular incisors were randomly allocated to 6 groups (n = 10): G1, preparation + conventional needle irrigation (CNI); G2, preparation + passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI); G3, preparation + Odous Clean (OC); G4, no preparation + CNI; G5, no preparation + PUI; G6, no preparation + OC; and CG (negative control; n = 3). Samples were filled with crystal violet for 72 hours. Irrigant activation was performed. Samples were sectioned perpendicularly along the long axis, 3 mm and 7 mm from the apex. Images of the root thirds of each block were captured with a stereomicroscope and analyzed with an image analysis software. One-way analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey post hoc test, and the Student’s t-test were used for data analysis, with a significance level of 5%. Results The NaOCl penetration depth was similar when preparation was performed, regardless of the method of irrigation activation (p > 0.05). In the groups without preparation, G6 showed greater NaOCl penetration depth (p < 0.05). The groups without preparation had a greater NaOCl penetration depth than those with preparation (p = 0.0019). Conclusions The NaOCl penetration depth was similar in groups with root canal preparation. Without root canal preparation, OC allowed deeper NaOCl penetration. The groups without preparation had greater NaOCl penetration than those undergoing root canal preparation.
Epizootic Infection by Trypanosoma vivax in Cattle from the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Matheus de Oliveira Reis,Fernanda Rezende Souza,Adriana Silva Albuquerque,Fernanda Monteiro,Luan Francisco dos Santos Oliveira,Djeison Lutier Raymundo,Flademir Wouters,Angélica Terezinha Barth Wouter 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.57 No.2
Trypanosomiasis is caused by a pathogenic protozoan of the genus Trypanosoma, being Trypanosoma vivax the most important agent for cattle. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the expansion of T. vivax infection in different mesoregions of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and describe the clinicopathological findings of trypanosomiasis in cattle. The diagnosis was based on visualization of the parasite in blood smears and DNA detection of T. vivax in the blood of live cows and tissues of necropsied animals by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty suspected herds were tested, of which 11 were positive for T. vivax. The most frequent clinical signs were anemia, apathy, drop in milk production, weight loss, reproductive disorders, and nervous signs. Concomitant diseases, such as malignant edema, pneumonia and increased cases of mastitis were associated with T. vivax infection. Three cows were necropsied and the most significant findings were low body condition score, pale mucous and spleen with white pulp hyperplasia. The results demonstrated the expansion of T. vivax infection in Minas Gerais, that PCR-associated blood smears are promising for diagnosis, and that other diseases often occur concomitantly to T. vivax infection in regions with trypanosomiasis in cattle.
Darielson A. Souza,Vinícius A. de Mesquita,Laurinda L. N. Reis,Wellington A. Silva,Josias G. Batista 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.1
At present, switched reluctance motors (SRM) become very interesting for many industrial applicationsin variable speed control. For such systems, the linear quadratic regulator with integral action (LQI) method iscommonly used when using plants in state spaces due to its robustness and easy adjustment. All methods from thelinear quadratic regulator (LQR) project provide a weighting of the Q and R matrices, which are manually adjustedto achieve the desired performance. The manual fine tuning of LQI controller parameters is a difficult task thatrequires a high level of domain knowledge. In this work, metaheuristic algorithms are explored to design the LQIcontroller and a comprehensive comparison is made between these algorithms and Proportional-Integral-Derivative(PID) controller as well as to select the best technique for the LQI controller design and adjustment of the Q andR parameters in SR Motor. Simulation and experimental results on a setup prototype are shown to validate theproposed control schemes. This paper has as main contributions the weighting of the parameters of the LQI in anoptimized way and adjustment of the gains of the controller more quickly and the hybrid controller (LQI + GA)becomes more powerful in the sense of a possible extension of the control of a multivariable system.
Lessa, Ozana Almeida,Reis, Nadabe dos Santos,Leite, Selma Gomes Ferreira,Gutarra, Melissa Limoeiro Estrada,Souza, Alexilda Oliveira,Gualberto, Simone Andrade,de Oliveira, Julieta Rangel,Aguiar-Oliveir 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.1
During cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) processing, the accumulated cocoa shell can be used for bioconversion to obtain valuable compounds. Here, we evaluate the effect of solid-state fermentation of cacao flour with Penicillium roqueforti on secondary metabolite composition, phenol, carotenoid, anthocyanin, flavonol, and fatty acids contents, and antioxidant activity. We found that the total concentrations of anthocyanins and flavonols did not change significantly after fermentation and the phenolic compound and total carotenoid concentrations were higher. The fermentation process produced an increase in saponin concentration and antioxidant activity, as well as significant changes in the levels of oleic, linoleic, gamma-linolenic, and saturated fatty acids. Based on our findings, we propose that the reuse of food residues through solid state fermentation is viable and useful.