수온에 따른 Norfloxacin의 잉어(Cyprinus carpio)와 뱀장어(Anguilla japonica)체내에서 약물동태학적 특성

김진우,정승희,이주석,최동림,조미라 한국어병학회 2002 한국어병학회지 Vol.15 No.2

양식어류의 세균성 질병 치료약제로서 사용량이 증가하고 있는 NFX의 정량분석 방법을 확립하고, 사육수온과 관련된 NFX의 어체내에서 흡수, 분포, 배설 등 NFX의 합목적적 사용 방법 설정에 필요한 약물동태학적 요인을 조사하였다. 수온에 따른 NFX의 어체 내에서의 혈중최대 농도는 뱀장어에서는 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 잉어에서는 혈중최대농도가 23℃에서 유의적으로 높게 (p〈0.05) 나타났을 뿐만 아니라 NFX의 흡수 및 배설속도정수, 최대혈중농도 도달시간 등 어종별, 수온별 약물동태학적 요인에 차이가 있었다. 이러한 결과로 NFX의 효과적인 사용방법과 휴약기간 설정을 위하여 어류의 사육환경과 관련된 임상 약물동력학적 특성을 충분히 고려하여 결정되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. Effects of Temperature on the pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin(NFX) were studied in the cultured carp, Cyprinus caripo, and cel, Angulla japonica, using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) originally developed for quinolone determination in livestocks. Pharmacokinetics of NFX was apparently affected by amibent water temperature. In a two-compartment model for carp after oral dosage of 20㎎/㎏, K01 at 13℃ and 23℃ were 2.60 and 5.20/hr, respectively. In carp the K_(w), T_(max) and C_(max) for carp at 13℃ were 13.30/hr, 17.44 ug/ml and 7.00 ug/ml, respectively. The corresponding values at 23℃ were 3.93/hr, 15.40㎍/㎖ and 9.44 ㎍/㎖, respectively. The AUC and T_(1/2) were 355.66 ㎍:hr/㎖ and 12.70 hr at 13℃ and 417.24 ㎍:hr/㎖ and 13.86 hrs at 23℃, respectively, Similar trends were revealed in the NFX pharmacokinetics of cel kept under the two water temperature regimes after oral NFX dosage of 20 mg/kg. These pharmacokinetical results have some implication in the optimal usage of recently introduced antibacterials in farmed fish, which were originally adapted for poultry and mammalian species.

Spatial analysis of $PM_{10}$ and cardiovascular mortality in the Seoul metropolitan area

Lim, Yu-Ra,Bae, Hyun-Joo,Lim, Youn-Hee,Yu, Seungdo,Kim, Geun-Bae,Cho, Yong-Sung The Korean Society of Environmental Toxicology 2014 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.29 No.-

Objectives Numerous studies have revealed the adverse health effects of acute and chronic exposure to particulate matter less than $10{\mu}m$ in aerodynamic diameter ($PM_{10}$). The aim of the present study was to examine the spatial distribution of $PM_{10}$ concentrations and cardiovascular mortality and to investigate the spatial correlation between $PM_{10}$ and cardiovascular mortality using spatial scan statistic (SaTScan) and a regression model. Methods From 2008 to 2010, the spatial distribution of $PM_{10}$ in the Seoul metropolitan area was examined via kriging. In addition, a group of cardiovascular mortality cases was analyzed using SaTScan-based cluster exploration. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) was applied to investigate the correlation between $PM_{10}$ concentrations and cardiovascular mortality. Results An examination of the regional distribution of the cardiovascular mortality was higher in provincial districts (gu) belonging to Incheon and the northern part of Gyeonggi-do than in other regions. In a comparison of $PM_{10}$ concentrations and mortality cluster (MC) regions, all those belonging to MC 1 and MC 2 were found to belong to particulate matter (PM) 1 and PM 2 with high concentrations of air pollutants. In addition, the GWR showed that $PM_{10}$ has a statistically significant relation to cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions To investigate the relation between air pollution and health impact, spatial analyses can be utilized based on kriging, cluster exploration, and GWR for a more systematic and quantitative analysis. It has been proven that cardiovascular mortality is spatially related to the concentration of $PM_{10}$.

중심부 유방암에서 중심 종양절제술의 의의

임라주(Ra Joo Lim),이경상(Kyung Sang Lee),이숙현(Suok Hyun Lee),윤찬석(Chan Seok Yoon),고승상(Seung Sang Ko),허민희(Min Hee Hur),이해경(Hae Kyung Lee),홍성란(Sung Ran Hong),이지현(Ji Hyun Lee),강성수(Sung Soo Kang) 대한외과학회 2010 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.79 No.4

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the outcome of central lumpectomy for breast conservation including nipple-areolar resection and postoperative radiation therapy in patients with central breast cancers. Methods: 19 patients with central breast cancers, aged 39 to 72 years, operated on from May 2004 to March 2010 were identified. Recurrence, survival, and cosmesis were analyzed. Treatment was undertaken as complete excision of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC), followed by external radiation to the whole breast and tumor bed. The mean follow-up period was 37.9 (1 to 71) months. Results: At pathology, 13 had invasive ductal carcinoma; 5 had ductal carcinoma in situ. 1 had neuroendocrine cancer. Only 1 had atypical ductal hyperplasia at resection margin; the remaining 18 were free margins. The mean tumor size was 1.6 ㎝ (range, 0.8∼4 ㎝) and the distance from the nipple was 0∼1 ㎝. 37.5% had positive axillary nodes. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given for 12 patients, followed by radiation therapy. All 15 patients, who were hormone receptor positive, were given tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors. With a mean follow up of 37.9 months, all 19 patients are alive and free of disease. Cosmetic results ranged from good to excellent in 18 (94.7%) patients, as judged by both the patients and the surgeons. Conclusion: Although this study needs further evaluation and long-term follow up, subareolar or central breast cancers can be successfully treated with breast conserving therapy using nipple-areolar resection and postoperative radiation therapy, along with acceptable cosmesis.

Spatial analysis of PM<SUB>10</SUB> and cardiovascular mortality in the Seoul metropolitan area

Yu-Ra Lim,Hyun-Joo Bae,Youn-Hee Lim,Seungdo Yu,Geun-Bae Kim,Yong-Sung Cho 환경독성보건학회 2014 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.29 No.-

Objectives : Numerous studies have revealed the adverse health effects of acute and chronic exposure to particulate matter less than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM<SUB>10</SUB>). The aim of the present study was to examine the spatial distribution of PM10 concentrations and cardiovascular mortality and to investigate the spatial correlation between PM<SUB>10</SUB> and cardiovascular mortality using spatial scan statistic (SaTScan) and a regression model. Methods : From 2008 to 2010, the spatial distribution of PM<SUB>10</SUB> in the Seoul metropolitan area was examined via kriging. In addition, a group of cardiovascular mortality cases was analyzed using SaTScan-based cluster exploration. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) was applied to investigate the correlation between PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentrations and cardiovascular mortality. Results : An examination of the regional distribution of the cardiovascular mortality was higher in provincial districts (gu) belonging to Incheon and the northern part of Gyeonggido than in other regions. In a comparison of PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentrations and mortality cluster (MC) regions, all those belonging to MC 1 and MC 2 were found to belong to particulate matter (PM) 1 and PM 2 with high concentrations of air pollutants. In addition, the GWR showed that PM<SUB>10</SUB> has a statistically significant relation to cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions : To investigate the relation between air pollution and health impact, spatial analyses can be utilized based on kriging, cluster exploration, and GWR for a more systematic and quantitative analysis. It has been proven that cardiovascular mortality is spatially related to the concentration of PM<SUB>10</SUB>.

Retrospective analysis of treatment outcome of pediatric ependymomas in Korea: analysis of Korean multi-institutional data.

Kim, Yeon-Joo,Kim, Joo-Young,Lim, Do Hoon,Park, Hyeon Jin,Joo, Jungnam,Sung, Ki Woong,Shin, Hyung Jin,Kim, Seung-Ki,Phi, Ji Hoon,Kim, Il Han,Park, Kyung Duk,Ahn, Seung-do,Jung, Jinhong,Ra, Young-Shin M. Nijhoff ; Kluwer Academic Publishers 2013 Journal of neuro-oncology Vol.113 No.1

<P>We analyzed the treatment outcomes of intracranial ependymomas in Korean children aged <18 years. Data for 96 patients were collected from five hospitals. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank tests for univariate analyses and Cox regression model for multivariate analysis were conducted to identify prognostic factors for survival. The median age of the patients was 4 years (range, 0.3-17.9 years). The median follow-up was 55 months (range, 2-343 months). Age <3 years was an important factor for selecting adjuvant therapy after surgery. Among children aged <3 and 3 years, adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) was applied to 55 and 84 %, respectively, and adjuvant chemotherapy to 52 and 10 %, respectively. The 5 year local progression-free survival (LPFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) rates were 54, 52, and 79 %, respectively. Gross total resection was the most significant prognostic factor for all survival endpoints. Age 3 years and RT were significant prognostic factors for superior LPFS and DFS. However, the significance of age was lost in multivariate analysis for DFS. LPFS, DFS, and OS were superior in patients who started RT within 44 days after surgery (the median time) than in patients who started RT later in the patients aged 3 years. Postoperative RT was a strong prognostic factor for intracranial ependymomas. Our results suggest that early use of RT is an essential component of treatment, and should be considered in young children.</P>

Effects of Low-Intensity Ultrasound on Gramicidin D-Induced Erythrocyte Edema

Lim, Mi Hyun,Seo, A. Rum,Kim, Jiyoung,Min, Byoung-Hyun,Baik, Eun Joo,Park, So Ra,Choi, Byung Hyune American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 2014 Journal of ultrasound in medicine Vol.33 No.6

<P><B>Objectives—</B></P><P>To determine whether low-intensity ultrasound (US) can reduce red blood cell (RBC) edema and, if so, whether the US activity is associated with aquaporin 1 (AQP-1), a water channel in the cell membrane.</P><P><B>Methods—</B></P><P>Red blood cell edema was induced by gramicidin D treatment at 40 ng/mL for 20 minutes and evaluated by a hematocrit assay. Low-intensity continuous wave US at 1 MHz was applied to RBCs for the last 10 minutes of gramicidin D treatment. To determine whether US activity was associated with AQP-1, RBCs were treated with 40 μM mercuric chloride (HgCl<SUB>2</SUB>), an AQP-1 inhibitor, for 20 minutes at the time of gramicidin D treatment. Posttreatment morphologic changes in RBCs were observed by actin staining with phalloidin.</P><P><B>Results—</B></P><P>Red blood cell edema increased significantly with gramicidin D at 20 (1.8%), 40 (6.7%), 60 (16.7%), and 80 (11.3%) ng/mL, reaching a peak at 60 ng/mL, compared to the control group (20 ng/mL, <I>P</I> = .019; 40, 60, and 80 ng/mL, <I>P</I> < .001). No significant RBC hemolysis was observed in any group. Edema induced by gramicidin D at 40 ng/mL was significantly reduced by US at 30 (3.4%; <I>P</I> = .003), 70 (4.4%; <I>P</I> = .001), and 100 (2.9%; <I>P</I> = .001) mW/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. Subsequent experiments showed that edema reduction by US ranged from 7% to 10%. Cotreatment with HgCl<SUB>2</SUB> partially reversed the US effect and showed a significantly different level of edema compared to gramicidin D-alone and US-cotreated groups (<I>P</I> = .001). These results were confirmed by microscopic observation of RBC morphologic changes.</P><P><B>Conclusions—</B></P><P>Low-intensity US could reduce gramicidin D–induced RBC edema, and its effect appeared to at least partly involve regulation of AQP-1 activity. These results suggest that low-intensity US can be used as an alternative treatment to control edema and related disorders.</P>

Phase and amplitude controlled heralding of N00N states

Ra, Young-Sik,Lim, Hyang-Tag,Oh, Joo-Eon,Kim, Yoon-Ho The Optical Society 2015 Optics express Vol.23 No.24

Anaphylactic shock to vaginal misoprostol: a rare adverse reaction to a frequently used drug

( Hyun Joo Shin ),( Sa Ra Lee ),( A-mi Roh ),( Young-mee Lim ),( Kyung Ah Jeong ),( Hye-sung Moon ),( Hye Won Chung ) 대한산부인과학회 2018 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.61 No.5

Misoprostol is widely used in daily practice for induction of labor and cervical dilatation prior to intrauterine procedures, including dilatation and curettage or hysteroscopy. Anaphylactic shock to intravaginal misoprostol can occur not only in pregnant women, as reported in 2 previous cases, but also in a non-pregnant, perimenopausal woman, as in the case described herein. A 49-year-old woman received vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening prior to hysteroscopic myomectomy and experienced anaphylactic shock. Two 400 μg doses of misoprostol 6 hours apart caused uncontrolled shaking and high fever followed by shock. In conclusion, the possibility of anaphylactic shock should be considered in patients with sudden hypotension following misoprostol administration. Prompt identification and management are crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality following an anaphylactic shock to misoprostol.

소득계층요인에 따른 자연녹지와 도시공원의 접근성 분석

임유라(Lim Yu-Ra),추장민(Chu Jang-Min),신지영(Shin Ji-Young),배현주(Bae Hyun-Joo),박창석(Park Chang-Seok) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2009 國土計劃 Vol.44 No.4

환경보건 스크리닝 툴을 이용한 서울시 누적영향 평가

임유라(Lim, Yu-ra),배현주(Bae, Hyun-joo) 한국지역지리학회 2014 한국지역지리학회지 Vol.20 No.4

환경위험의 피해가 환경불평등과 사회불평등의 상호작용으로 인해 환경약자가 더 많이 피해를 받게 되는 환경피해 불평등이 심화될 것으로 전망되고 있다. 본 연구는 서울시를 대상으로 미국 캘리포니아 환경보호청에서 개발한 환경보건 스크리닝 툴을 적용하여 통합적인 지역 규모의 누적영향을 평가하였다. 환경보건 취약지역을 스크리닝하기 위하여 환경노출과 건강영향의 환경부담, 민감집단과 사회경제적 요인의 인구특성에 따라 10개 지표를 선정하였다. 환경보건 스크리닝 툴을 통하여 2009~2011년 서울시 누적영향평가를 실시한 결과, 서울의 강서와 강남지역에서 위험 요인이 높게 나타났며 강서지역은 환경부담과 인구특성 모두에서 위험요인이 높았고, 강남지역은 환경부담요인이 높 은 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과는 민감·취약계층 등 환경약자를 고려한, 공정하고 효율적인 환경정책을 추진하기 위한 과학적인 근거를 제공할 수 있다. Inequality of environmental impact is forecast to deepen due to the damage of environmental risk by the interaction between environmental and social inequalities causing more harms to environmentally vulnerable population. This study assessed the integrated cumulative impact of Seoul using Environmental Health Screening Tool developed by Environmental Protection Agency of California. In order to screen vulnerable area to environmental health, 10 indexes have been selected according to the environmental burden of exposure to environment and public health effects, population characteristics of sensitive populations and socio-economic factors. As a result of assessment conducted on cumulative impact of Seoul for years 2009~2011 through Environmental Health Screening Tool, risk factor for districts of Gangseo and Gangnam of Seoul showed high - Gangseo area indicated high risk factor both in environmental burden and population characteristics, while Gangnam area appeared high in environmental burden. The result of survey will be able to suggest scientific basis to push through fair and effective environmental policy in consideration of environment vulnerable population.