Diverse genetic spectrum among patients who met the criteria of hereditary breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancer syndrome

Po-Han Lin,Yun-Wen Tien,Wen-Fang Cheng,Ying-Cheng Chiang,Chien-Huei Wu,Karen Yang,Chiun-Sheng Huang 대한부인종양학회 2023 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.34 No.5

Objective: Genetic high-risk assessment combines hereditary breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancer into one syndrome. However, there is a lack of data for comparing the germline mutational spectrum of the cancer predisposing genes between these three cancers. Methods: Patients who met the criteria of the hereditary breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancer were enrolled and received multi-gene sequencing. Results: We enrolled 730 probands: 418 developed breast cancer, 185 had ovarian cancer, and 145 had pancreatic cancer. Out of the 18 patients who had two types of cancer, 16 had breast and ovarian cancer and 2 had breast and pancreatic cancer. A total of 167 (22.9%) patients had 170 mutations. Mutation frequency in breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancer was 22.3%, 33.5% and 17.2%, respectively. The mutation rate was significantly higher in patients with double cancers than those with a single cancer (p<0.001). BRCA1 and BRCA2 were the most dominant genes associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, whereas ATM was the most prevalent gene related to hereditary pancreatic cancer. Genes of hereditary colon cancer such as lynch syndrome were presented in a part of patients with pancreatic or ovarian cancer but seldom in those with breast cancer. Families with a history of both ovarian and breast cancer were associated with a higher mutation rate than those with other histories. Conclusion: The mutation spectrum varies across the three cancer types and family histories. Our analysis provides guidance for physicians, counsellors, and counselees on the offer and uptake of genetic counseling.

Electron Heating and Current Scaling in a GaAs Two-Dimensional Electron System

Po Zhung Chen,Li-Hung Lin,C.T. Liang,D.A. Ritchie,Jing-Han Chen,Jyunn-Ying Lin,M.Y. Simmons 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.6

We present experimental results on hot-carrier phenomena in a GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron system in the integer and fractional quantum Hall regions. In the integer region at low magnetic fields, a relationship $T_e$ $\sim$ $I^{0.52}$ between the effective carrier temperature $T_e$ and the source-drain current $I$ is obtained from Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations at several magnetic fields, 0.2 $\sim$ 0.5 T, and currents, 0.1 $\sim$ 4 $\mu$A. These results are in agreement with results obtained in the current-dependent broadening of resistance peaks in the quantum Hall region of spin-split Landau levels. However, in the fractional region for the filling factor $\nu = 5/3 (B = 7$ T), a power law relationship $T_e$ $\sim$ $I^{0.37}$ is obtained. The difference in exponent may be due to different energy relaxation mechanisms between these two regions.

Personalization of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder According to the Existing Psychiatric Comorbidity

Po-Han Chou,Yen-Feng Lin,Ming-Kuei Lu,Hsin-An Chang,Che-Sheng Chu,Wei Hung Chang,Taishiro Kishimoto,Alexander T. Sack,Kuan-Pin Su 대한정신약물학회 2021 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.19 No.2

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) are evidenced-based treatments for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who fail to respond to standard first-line therapies. However, although various TMS protocols have been proven to be clinically effective, the response rate varies across clinical applications due to the heterogeneity of real-world psychiatric comorbidities, such as generalized anxiety dis-order, posttraumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, or substance use disorder, which are often observed in patients with MDD. Therefore, individualized treatment approaches are important to increase treatment response by assigning a given patient to the most optimal TMS treatment protocol based on his or her individual profile. This literature review summarizes different rTMS or TBS protocols that have been applied in researches investigating MDD patients with certain psychiatric comorbidities and discusses biomarkers that may be used to predict rTMS treatment response. Furthermore, we highlight the need for the validation of neuroimaging and electrophysiological biomarkers associated with rTMS treatment responses. Finally, we discuss on which directions future efforts should focus for developing the personalization of the treatment of depression with rTMS or iTBS.

Electroencephalographic spectrogram–guided total intravenous anesthesia using dexmedetomidine and propofol prevents unnecessary anesthetic dosing during craniotomy: a propensity score–matched analysis

Lin Feng-Sheng,Shih Po-Yuan,Sung Chao-Hsien,Chou Wei-Han,Wu Chun-Yu 대한마취통증의학회 2024 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.77 No.1

Background: The bispectral index (BIS) may be unreliable to gauge anesthetic depth when dexmedetomidine is administered. By comparison, the electroencephalogram (EEG) spectrogram enables the visualization of the brain response during anesthesia and may prevent unnecessary anesthetic consumption. Methods: This retrospective study included 140 adult patients undergoing elective craniotomy who received total intravenous anesthesia using a combination of propofol and dexmedetomidine infusions. Patients were equally matched to the spectrogram group (maintaining the robust EEG alpha power during surgery) or the index group (maintaining the BIS score between 40 and 60 during surgery) based on the propensity score of age and surgical type. The primary outcome was the propofol dose. Secondary outcome was the postoperative neurological profile.Results: Patients in the spectrogram group received significantly less propofol (1585 ± 581 vs. 2314 ± 810 mg, P < 0.001). Fewer patients in the spectrogram group exhibited delayed emergence (1.4% vs. 11.4%, P = 0.033). The postoperative delirium profile was similar between the groups (profile P = 0.227). Patients in the spectrogram group exhibited better in-hospital Barthel’s index scores changes (admission state: 83.6 ± 27.6 vs. 91.6 ± 17.1; discharge state: 86.4 ± 24.3 vs. 85.1 ± 21.5; group–time interaction P = 0.008). However, the incidence of postoperative neurological complications was similar between the groups.Conclusions: EEG spectrogram–guided anesthesia prevents unnecessary anesthetic consumption during elective craniotomy. This may also prevent delayed emergence and improve postoperative Barthel index scores.

해저지진계 운영을 통한 영덕 앞바다 미소지진 분석

한민희(Minhui Han),김광희(Kwang-Hee Kim),박순천(Sun-Cheon Park),Pei-ying Lin,Po-Chi Chen,Hsu-Kuang Chang,Jia-pu Jang,Ban-Yuan Kuo 대한지질학회 2016 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.10

Infusion of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Regenerative Niche in Thioacetamide-Injured Mouse Liver

Kao Ying-Hsien,Lin Yu-Chun,Lee Po-Huang,Lin Chia-Wei,Chen Po-Han,Tai Tzong-Shyuan,Chang Yo-Chen,Chou Ming-Huei,Chang Chih-Yang,Sun Cheuk-Kwan 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2020 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.17 No.5

Background: This study investigated whether xenotransplantation of human Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) reduces thioacetamide (TAA)-induced mouse liver fibrosis and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods: Recipient NOD/SCID mice were injected intraperitoneally with TAA twice weekly for 6 weeks before initial administration of WJ-MSCs. Expression of regenerative and pro-fibrogenic markers in mouse fibrotic livers were monitored post cytotherapy. A hepatic stallate cell line HSC-T6 and isolated WJ-MSCs were used for in vitro adhesion, migration and mechanistic studies. Results: WJ-MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cords by an explant method and characterized by flow cytometry. A single infusion of WJ-MSCs to TAA-treated mice significantly reduced collagen deposition and ameliorated liver fibrosis after 2-week therapy. In addition to enhanced expression of hepatic regenerative factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and PCNA proliferative marker, WJ-MSC therapy significantly blunted pro-fibrogenic signals, including Smad2, RhoA, ERK. Intriguingly, reduction of plasma fibronectin (pFN) in fibrotic livers was noted in MSC-treated mice. In vitro studies further demonstrated that suspending MSCs triggered pFN degradation, soluble pFN conversely retarded adhesion of suspending MSCs onto type I collagen-coated surface, whereas pFN coating enhanced WJ-MSC migration across mimicked wound bed. Moreover, pretreatment with soluble pFN and conditioned medium from MSCs with pFN strikingly attenuated the response of HSC-T6 cells to TGF-β1-stimulation in Smad2 phosphorylation and RhoA upregulation. Conclusion: These findings suggest that cytotherapy using WJ-MSCs may modulate hepatic pFN deposition for a better regenerative niche in the fibrotic livers and may constitute a useful anti-fibrogenic intervention in chronic liver diseases.

Nerve growth factor upregulates sirtuin 1 expression in cholestasis: a potential therapeutic target

Ming-Shian Tsai,Po-Huang Lee,Cheuk-Kwan Sun,Ting-Chia Chiu,Yu-Chun Lin,I-Wei Chang,Po-Han Chen,Ying-Hsien Kao 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

This study investigated the regulatory role of nerve growth factor (NGF) in sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression in cholestatic livers. We evaluated the expression of NGF and its cognate receptors in human livers with hepatolithiasis and the effects of NGF therapy on liver injury and hepatic SIRT1 expression in a bile duct ligation (BDL) mouse model. Histopathological and molecular analyses showed that the hepatocytes of human diseased livers expressed NGF, proNGF (a precursor of NGF), TrkA and p75NTR, whereas only p75NTR was upregulated in hepatolithiasis, compared with non-hepatolithiasis livers. In the BDL model without NGF therapy, p75NTR, but not TrkA antagonism, significantly deteriorated BDL-induced liver injury. By contrast, the hepatoprotective effect of NGF was abrogated only by TrkA and not by p75NTR antagonism in animals receiving NGF therapy. Intriguingly, a positive correlation between hepatic SIRT1 and NGF expression was found in human livers. In vitro studies demonstrated that NGF upregulated SIRT1 expression in mouse livers and human Huh-7 and rodent hepatocytes. Both NGF and proNGF induced protective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in Huh-7 cells, whereas inhibition of TrkA and p75NTR activity prevented oxidative cell death. Mechanistically, NGF, but not proNGF, upregulated SIRT1 expression in human Huh-7 and rodent hepatocytes via nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity, whereas NGF-induced phosphoinositide-3 kinase/Akt, extracellular signal–regulated kinase and NF-κB signaling and SIRT1 activity were involved in its hepatoprotective effects against oxidative injury. These findings suggest that pharmacological manipulation of the NGF/SIRT1 axis might serve as a novel approach for the treatment of cholestatic disease.

중국 전자상거래 기업의 제3자 물류기업 선택 기준과 평가에 관한 연구

판리리(Fan Li li),우수한(Su Han Woo),Po Lin Lai 한국국제상학회 2016 國際商學 Vol.31 No.2

본 연구에서는 최근 급격히 증가하고 있는 중국 전자상거래에서 제3자 물류기업 선정기준을 AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)기법을 사용하여 각 평가요인들의 상대적 중요도를 도출하고자 한다. 선정을 위한 요인으로 1단계에는 가격, 물류서비스, 편리성, 기업역량의 4가지 항목을 두었고, 2단계에는 가격경쟁력, 가격세분화, 정보제공, 신속성, 안전성, 접근성, 다양성, 재무안전성, 파트너쉽을 두었다. 3단계는 중국의 주요 물류기업인 Deppon express, S.F. Express, STO express, 우정국택배, CNEX의 5개 물류기업을 물류기업 선정의 대안으로 설정하였다. 이를 평가하기 위하여 중국의 전자상거래기업과 일반제조기업으로 나누어 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과를 제3자 물류기업의 선정요인의 우선순위는 가격, 물류서비스, 편리성, 기업역량 순서로 평가되어 가격과 물류서비스의 중요도가 특히 높은 것으로 나타났다. SF Express가 가장 경쟁력있는 것으로 평가되었는데, 두 그룹간에는 조금의 차이가 발생했다. 전자상거래 기업은 SF Express를 선호한 반면, 일반 제조기업들은 Deppon Express를 선호하였다. Purpose : This paper evaluates the relative importance of selection criteria on 3PL logistics companies from Chinese e-business companies’ viewpoints. Research design, data, methodology : Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) is employed to fulfill the objective of this paper using price, logistics services, convenience and firm competency as the first-level criteria. In addition major 3PL companies in China are evaluated based on the criteria and their importance such as Deppon Express, S.F. Express, STO express, China EMS, CNEX. Data are collected from E-business firms and manufacturers in China for comparison purpose. Results : The results suggest that price is considered the most important and there is no significant difference between E-business firms and manufacturers. SF Express is evaluated the highest, but manufacturers prefers Deppon Express whereas SF express is preferred by E-business firms. Conclusion : This paper shows that price factor has the most important role in logistics company selection in E-business as well as manufacturing industry.

Lack of Association between Pre-Operative Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and the Risk of Post-Operative Delirium in Elderly Chinese Patients

Che-Sheng Chu,Chih-Kuang Liang,Ming-Yueh Chou,Yu-Te Lin,Chien-Jen Hsu,Chin-Liang Chu,Po-Han Chou 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.3

ObjectiveaaPostoperative delirium (POD) is a highly prevalent complex neuropsychiatric syndrome in elderly patients. However, its pathophysiology is currently unknown. Early detection and prevention of POD is important; therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the link between preoperative insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels in the serum and POD in the Chinese elderly patients. MethodsaaOne hundred and three patients who were undergoing an orthopedic operation took part in the study. Preoperative serum IGF-1 levels were measured. POD was determined daily using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) and DSM-IV TR. Baseline serum IGF-1 levels were compared between patients who did and did not develop POD. Correlation coefficients were calculated to evaluate relationship between baseline characteristics and serum IGF-1 levels. The relationship between baseline biomarkers and delirium status was investigated using logistic regression analysis, adjusting for potential confounding variables. ResultsaaTwenty-three patients developed POD. The POD group had lower MMSE scores and higher CCI scores and proportions of acute admission. Preoperative serum IGF-1 levels were correlated with MMSE scores and age (MMSE: r=0.230, p<0.05; age: r=-0.419, p<0.001). Baseline serum IGF-1 levels did not differ between patients who did and did not develop POD, even after adjusting for potential confounding factors, MMSE score, and age. ConclusionaaNo association was found between preoperative IGF-1 levels and POD, suggesting that they are not direct biomarkers of the incidence of POD among the Chinese elderly population. Further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to clarify the relationship.