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김병수(Byoung Soo Kim),최미영(Mi Young Choi),권혁(Hyuck Kwon),김진만(Jin Man Kim),차운오(Woon Ou Cha),전완명(Wan Myung Chun) 大韓環境工學會 2013 대한환경공학회지 Vol.35 No.1
D하수처리장의 송풍량을 효과적으로 조절하는 시스템을 구축하기 위해 2011년 1월 1일부터 2012년 8월 31일까지 포기조 DO 농도를 평균 2.1 mg/L로 유지하면서 유입유량, 유입농도, 유입부하, 수온, F/M비, 생물반응조의 MLSS 농도 변화에 따른 송풍량 변화를 검토하였다. 그 결과 동일한 DO 농도를 유지하기 위한 송풍량 변화폭은 매우 크며, 송풍량 산정을 결정하는 주요 인자는 수온, F/M비, BOD5 유입 부하, T-N 유입 부하로 나타났다. 그 중 가장 큰 영향을 주는 지표는 수온으로 수온 1℃ 증가는 45.8 m3/h의 송풍량을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 계절의 영향이 반영된 것으로 사료 된다. 하절기에는 유입 유량증가, 낮은 MLSS농도, F/M비 증가의 영향과, 동절기에는 유입 유량감소, 높은 MLSS농도, F/M비 감소 등의 영향이 송풍량에 반영되어, 수온 변화에 따른 필요 송풍량 변화를 더욱 가중시킨 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 호기조 송풍량 산정 시에는 유입유량, 유입 BOD5농도, 유입 T-N농도 및 생물반응조의 MLSS농도 중 하나의 인자를 이용하는 것보다, 유입부하나 F/M비로 연산하여 접근이 필요한 것으로 사료된다. To construct the system controlling the aeration volume for D wastewater treatment plant effectively, the fluctuation of aeration volume was analyzed with changes of factors of the influent. As a result, the range of aeration volume was wide to maintain the certain concentration of DO, and the key factor to decide the aeration volume was found to be the temperature, F/M ratio, the loading rate of BOD5 and T-N of the influent. Among the factors, the temperature of the influent had the most decisive effect on the aeration volume. The result showed that 45.8 m3/h of the aeration volume was needed with an increase of 1℃ of the influent, and the effect of the season was considered. Since the temperature of the influent is affected by a change of season, same as F/M ratio, the loading rate of the influent and the concentration of MLSS, it seemed that the change of the temperature of the influent affects the aeration volume even more. Therefore, it is preferable to consider the loading rate of the influent and F/M ratio altogether, rather than considering only one factor when deciding aeration volume.
Lim, Beong Ou,Lee, Jun Ho,Ko, Na Young,Mun, Se Hwan,Kim, Jie Wan,Kim, Do Kyun,Kim, Ju Dong,Kim, Bo Kyung,Kim, Hyung Sik,Her, Erk,Lee, Hoi Young,Choi, Wahn Soo The Society 2007 Experimental biology and medicine Vol.232 No.11
<P>The antiallergic activity of Polygoni cuspidati radix (PR) and the mechanism of action by which it functions were investigated in this study. The extract of PR exhibited potent inhibitory activity in mast cells; its IC50 values were 62 +/- 2.1 microg/ml for RBL-2H3 mast cells and 46 +/- 3.2 microg/m for bone marrow-derived mast cells by antigen stimulation, and it also suppressed the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-4 in RBL-2H3 cells. According to the in vivo animal allergy model, it inhibited a local allergic reaction, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, in a dose-dependent manner. With regard to its mechanism of action, PR inhibited the activating phosphorylation of Syk, a key signaling protein for the activation of mast cells. It also suppressed Akt and the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1/2, p38, and JNK, which are critical for the production of various inflammatory cytokines in mast cells. The results of the study indicate that the antiallergic activity of PR is mediated through the inhibition of histamine release and allergic cytokine production by the inhibition of Syk activating phosphorylation in mast cells.</P>
한국인 염증성 장질환 환자의 영양상태, 식이 형태와 혈청내의 항체 및 사이토카인 분석
김한수 ( Han Soo Kim ),신연주 ( Yeon Ju Shin ),조미란 ( Mi Ran Cho ),김효종 ( Hyo Jong Kim ),임병우 ( Beong Ou Lim ),조여원 ( Ryowon Choue ) 대한장연구학회 2003 Intestinal Research Vol.1 No.2
목적: 본 연구에서는 IBD 환자의 식이 형태 영양상태 및 혈청의 항체와 사이토카인 분석에 대한 현황 조사를 통해 우리 나라 IBD 환자의 특성에 맞는 식이 및 영양지침을 제안하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 외래 진료중인 CD 환자 28명과 UC 환자 22명, 성별 matching하여 선정된 대조군 52명을 대상으로 하였다. 대상자들의 영양상태 분석을 위해 신체계측과 혈액분석 그리고 혈청의 항체와 사이토카인 분석을 실시하였고, 대상자들의 식이 형태 분석을 위해 43개의 한국인 상용식품에 대한 진단 전후 식품 섭취빈도를 반정량적 식품 섭취빈도 조사지를 이용하여 조사하였다. 영양소 섭취상태 분석을 위해서는 24시간 회상법을 이용하였다. 결과: 신체계측치와 혈액분석 결과치에 의한 영양상태는 CD 환자에서 경도의 영양불량 수준이었으며, UC 환자는 정상수준이었으나 건강인에 비해서는 낮은 편이었다. 또한, cytokine 분석에서는 IBD 환자의 IFN-γ와 TNF-α의 양이 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 높게 나타났다. IBD 환자의 영양소 섭취상태 분석 결과, 단백질 섭취는 충분한 반면 열량, 칼슘, 철분, 비타민 B1과 B2의 섭취는 대조군에 비하여 낮았으며, CD 환자가 UC 환자보다 더욱 낮았다. 진단 전, CD 환자는 곡류섭취가 많았고 생선류와 채소류, 과일류의 섭취는 적었다. 또한 UC 환자는 과일류, 패스트푸드의 섭취가 많았고 채소는 섭취가 적었다. 반면 진단 후에는 CD 환자가 육류, 채소류, 유지류의 섭취가 적었다. UC 환자는 육류, 채소류 섭취가 적었다. 지방산 섭취상태에서 P:M:S 비율은 CD과 UC환자가 각각 2.1:1.9:1과 1.9:1.7:1로 권장비와 건강인에 비해서 모두 높은 수준이었으며, n-6/n-3 비율은 CD와 UC 환자가 각각 15.8:1, 13.1:1로 나와 RDA인 4:1~10:1에 비해 매우 높은 수준이었다. 결론: IBD 환자, 특히 CD 환자들은 식이 섭취 부족으로 인한 영양불량 상태였으며 혈청 중의 IFN-γ와 TNF-α의 함량이 높은 상태였다. 또한, IBD 환자의 식이 형태는 식이 섬유의 섭취가 부족하고 정제 탄수화물의 섭취가 높은 특성이 있었다. Background/Aims: The cause of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unclear. Dietary factor, however, has been considered as a possible risk factor for IBD. There is an increasing amount of evidence showing that the immune system may play a critical role in the development and perpetuation of IBD. The purpose of this study was to investigate nutritional status, dietary patterns, and cytokine levels of IBD patients in Korea. Methods: Patients with Crohn`s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and gender-matched healthy controls were studied in case-control design. Anthropometry, blood and immunological analysis were used to evaluate the patient`s nutritional status. Dietary patterns of the patients before and after diagnosis were analyzed by the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Current nutrient intake status was determined by 3-day recall method. Results: Patients with CD were in the mild-malnutrition status, showing that their body weight, percent of ideal body weight (%IBW), lean body mass (LBM), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), mid-upper arm muscle circumference (MAMC) were lowest among the 3 groups. The serum levels of hemoglobin (Hb.), hematocrit (Hct.), white blood cell count (WBC), total lymphodyte count (TLC), and albumin were also low in patients with CD and UC. In addition, interferon-gamma (IFN-Г) tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) contents was significantly higher in patients with CD and UC than in the control. Before diagnosis, patients with CD ate less fishes, vegetables and fruits, and patients with UC ate more fruits and fast foods. After diagnosis, patients with CD ate fewer cereals, meats, vegetables and fats, and patients with UC ate less meats and vegetables. The current intake of patients with UC and CD for calorie, calcium, iron and vitamin B was lower than recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for each nutrient. The ratios of Polyunsaturated fatty acids (P): Monosaturated fatty acids (M): Saturated fatty acids (S) in patients with CD, UC and control group were 2.1:1.9:1, 1.9:1.7:1 and 1.5:1.1:1, respectively. The ratios of n-6/n-3 were 15.8:1 for patients with CD, 13.1:1 for patients with UC, and 11.2:1 for control group, respectively. Conclusions: Most patients with IBD, particularly patients with CD, were malnourished because of their poor food intake. Dietary intake patterns of patients with IBD were low in dietary fiber and high in refined carbohydrate. (Intestinal Research 2003;2:168-178)
Soo Ah Jeong,Chae Won Park,Da Hee Kim,Seong Hyun Oh,Beong Ou Lim 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
The leaves of Chamaecyparis obtusa used in this study are known to contain various components like phytoncides, phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The purpose of this study is to develop new CPE-1 material through bioconversion of C. obtusa leaves and to compare the differences in antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity and composition of the two materials. C. obtusa leaves were extracted using 99% EtOH and CPE-1 was produced through the activation process on day 10. The biological activation effect and antibacterial effect of the two samples produced were investigated. As a result, both C. obtusa leaf extract and CPE-1 showed strong antioxidant effects. Compared with the existing C. obtusa leaf extract, the CPE-1 extract showed higher flavonoid content and antioxidant activity. The antibacterial effect was shown in both Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus, but existing extract showed higher antibacterial activity. Finally, a previous study confirmed that gallic acid was the largest component of C. obtusa leaf extract but CPE-1 increased by about 40% compared to that of the existing extract under the same conditions. It suggests bioconversion can enhance physiological activity.
Beong-Ou Lim,Pyo-Jam Park,Dong-Ki Park,Wahn-Soo Choi,Jong-Dai Kim,Byung-Pal Yu 韓國藥用作物學會 2007 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.15 No.5
The present study was investigated the anti-oxidative effects of aloe vera ingestion on brain and kidney in aged rats by monitoring several oxidative-related parameters. Male specific pathogen-free Fischer 344 rats were randomly divided into four groups of five rat each: Group A was fed test chow without aloe supplementation; Group B was fed a diet containing a 1% freeze-dried aloe filet; Group C was fed a diet containing a 1% charcoal-processed, freeze-dried aloe filet; and Group D was fed a diet containing a charcoal-processed, freeze-dried, whole leaf aloe in drinking water. Analyses of tissues were done at 4 months and 16 months of age. Results showed that a long-term intake of aloe, regardless of the preparation used, enhanced antioxidant defenses against lipid peroxidation, as indicated by reduced phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide levels in both brain and kidney. The additional benefit of aloe intake on the anti-oxidative action was evidenced by enhanced superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in all aloe-ingested groups. Another beneficial effect of aloe shown in this study, although not an anti-oxidative parameter, was its cholesterol-lowering effect as detected in brain and kidney with significant decreases at age16 months of aloe-fed rats. Based on these findings, we conclude that a long-term dietary aloe supplementation modulated the anti-oxidative defense systems and cholesterol level.
Lim, Beong-Ou,Park, Pyo-Jam,Park, Dong-Ki,Choi, Wahn-Soo,Kim, Jong-Dai,Yu, Byung-Pal The Korean Society of Medicinal Crop Science 2007 韓國藥用作物學會誌 Vol.15 No.5
The present study was investigated the anti-oxidative effects of aloe vera ingestion on brain and kidney in aged rats by monitoring several oxidative-related parameters. Male specific pathogen-free Fischer 344 rats were randomly divided into four groups of five rat each: Group A was fed test chow without aloe supplementation; Group B was fed a diet containing a 1% freeze-dried aloe filet; Group C was fed a diet containing a 1% charcoal-processed, freeze-dried aloe filet; and Group D was fed a diet containing a charcoal-processed, freeze-dried, whole leaf aloe in drinking water. Analyses of tissues were done at 4 months and 16 months of age. Results showed that a long-term intake of aloe, regardless of the preparation used, enhanced antioxidant defenses against lipid peroxidation, as indicated by reduced phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide levels in both brain and kidney. The additional benefit of aloe intake on the anti-oxidative action was evidenced by enhanced superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in all aloe-ingested groups. Another beneficial effect of aloe shown in this study, although not an anti-oxidative parameter, was its cholesterol-lowering effect as detected in brain and kidney with significant decreases at age16 months of aloe-fed rats. Based on these findings, we conclude that a long-term dietary aloe supplementation modulated the anti-oxidative defense systems and cholesterol level.