http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
제주도 지하수 질산염 농도의 시·공간적 변화 특성: 장기(1993-2015) 모니터링 자료의 평가
김호림(Ho-Rim Kim),오준섭(Junseop Oh),도현권(Hyun-Kwon Do),이경진(Kyung-Jin Lee),현익현(Ik-Hyun Hyun),오상실(Sang-Sil Oh),감상규(Sang-Kyu Kam),윤성택(Seong-Taek Yun) 대한자원환경지질학회 2018 자원환경지질 Vol.51 No.1
1993년부터 2015년까지 관측된 제주도 지하수 장기모니터링 관측정(N = 4,835)에서 수집된 지하수 수질자료(N = 21,568)를 기반으로 질산성질소의 시공간적 변동 특성을 평가하였다. 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 농도의 중앙값은 2.5 mg/L로서 다른 국가나 대륙의 조사 결과에 비해 다소 높거나 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지하수 용도, 행정구역 및 고도 별로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 특히, 산간 지역에 비해 저지대 해안가에 위치한 농업 및 주거지역에서 농도가 높음을 확인하였다. Mann-Kendall 및 Sen’s slope 분석을 활용한 질산성질소 농도의 추세 분석 결과, 하류 저지 대에 비해 중산간지역에서의 질산성질소 농도 증가 경향이 뚜렷하였다. 제주도 내 토지 피복의 시계열 변화 특성과 결부 지어 보면, 중산간지역의 오염 증가 추세는 농업지역의 확장 등 인위적 활동 증가에 기인한 결과로 판단된다. 반면,기지정된 지하수자원특별관리구역에서는 전반적으로 질산성질소 농도의 감소 경향이 나타났는데, 이는 지하수 관리 측면에서 수질관리를 위한 적극적인 정책이 유효함을 시사한다. 본 연구에서는 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 오염관리를 위한 적정 방안을 제안한다. The spatio-temporal variations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater of Jeju Island were evaluated by an analysis of time series groundwater quality data (N = 21,568) that were collected from regional groundwater monitoring (number of wells = 4,835) for up to 20 years between 1993 and 2015. The median concentration of NO 3 -N is 2.5 mg/L, which is slightly higher than those reported from regional surveys in other countries. Nitrate concentrations of groundwater in wells tend to significantly vary according to different water usage (of the well), administrative districts, and topographic elevations: nitrate level is higher in low-lying agricultural and residential areas than those in high mountainous areas. The Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope analysis show that nitrate concentration in mid-mountainous areas tends to increase, possibly due to the expansion of agricultural areas toward highland. On the other hand, nitrate concentrations in the Specially Designated Groundwater Quality Protection Zones show the temporally decreasing trend, which implies the efficiency of groundwater management actions in Jeju. Proper measures for sustainable groundwater quality management are suggested in this study.
( Sung Hee Lim ),( Jong-mu Sun ),( Joohyun Hong ),( Dongryul Oh ),( Yong Chan Ahn ),( Man Ki Chung ),( Han-sin Jeong ),( Young-ik Son ),( Myung-ju Ahn ),( Chung-hwan Baek ),( Keunchil Park ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.0
Background/Aims: Clinical trials have not consistently supported the use of induction chemotherapy (IC) for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer. Hypopharynx and base of tongue (BOT) cancer has shown relatively poor survival. We investigated the role of IC in improving outcome over current chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with hypopharynx and BOT cancer. Methods: Treatment-naïve patients with stage III/IV (M0) hypopharynx or BOT cancer were randomly assigned to receive CRT alone (CRT arm: cisplatin 100 mg/m<sup>2</sup> on D1 3-weekly, two times plus radiotherapy 68.4 Gy/30 fractions on weekdays) versus two 21-day cycles of IC with TPF (docetaxel & cisplatin 75 mg/m<sup>2</sup> on D1, and fluorouracil 75 mg/m<sup>2</sup> on D1-4) followed by the same CRT regimen (IC arm). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Results: This study closed early after enrollment of 36 patients (19 in the CRT arm, 17 in the IC arm). After a median follow-up of 47.2 months, there was no significant difference in PFS: the median PFS was 26.8 months for the CRT arm and was not reached for the IC arm (p = 0.13). However, the survival curves were widely separated with a plateau after 3 years, suggesting a potential survival benefit from IC: 3-year PFS rates were 45% and 68%, and 3-year overall survival rates were 56% and 86%, in the CRT and IC arms, respectively. Conclusions: This study failed to demonstrate that induction TPF chemotherapy improves survival in patients with BOT and hypopharynx cancer. However, it suggested a favorable outcome with IC to this population.
Evaluation of Changes in Agricultural Stream Water Quality of Small Watershed in Jeonnam Province
Sung-Woo Kim,Sun Kook Kim,Hyeon Ji Kim,So Yeon Lee,Myeong Seok Kim,Jeong-Hwa Kang,Seung-Oh Hur,Soon Ik Kwon 한국토양비료학회 2019 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.52 No.4
This study aimed to identify the changing trends in the agricultural water quality of the major watersheds in Jeonnam Province over a 10-year period ranging from 2007 to 2016. The results of water quality analysis of the study sites revealed that the mean Chemical Oxygen Demand in April, July, and October was 3.20, 3.04, and 2.37 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively, with the median values being 2.85, 2.84, and 1.96 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The mean values of EC (Electrical Conductivity) in April, July, and October were 0.15, 0.15, and 0.17 dS m<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The mean EC values were lower in April and slightly higher in October, and there was no yearly fluctuation. The mean and median values of the T-N (Total Nitrogen) content were 3.41 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> and 3.18 mgL<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. A large deviation in the T-N content was only observed in April 2009 and July 2015. The mean and median values of the T-P (Total Phosphorous) content were 0.09 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> and 0.05 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. No fluctuations were observed in the T-P content in the months of April, July, and October, during the study period, with the exception of July 2016 and October 2016.
Surgical outcomes and prognostic factors of gastric cancer surgery in octogenarians
Ik Beom Shin,Sung Jin Oh,Byoung Jo Suh 대한종양외과학회 2019 Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol.15 No.2
Purpose: As the Korean population ages, an increasing number of elderly patients with gastric cancer are undergoing surgical resection. The aim of this study was to analyze the surgical outcomes and prognostic factors after gastric cancer surgery for patients 80 years of age or older. Methods: We analyzed the medical records of 720 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy from March 2010 to December 2014 retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups: octogenarians (age ≥80 years, n=46) and non-octogenarians (age <80 years, n=674). We evaluated clinicopathologic data including postoperative morbidity, mortality, and 5-year survival rate. Results: The rate of curative resection was not different between the two groups. The American Society of Anesthesiology score was significantly higher in the octogenarians (P<0.05). Octogenarians exhibited poorer performance scale scores, higher comorbidities, and more advanced TNM stages than non-octogenarians. There was no difference in surgical resection margins between the two groups. In addition, octogenarians suffered from more postoperative morbidity and mortality than non-octogenarians. In the analysis of risk factors of survival after gastrectomy for octogenarians, advanced TNM stage and dose of transfusion were independent risk factors. Overall survival was significantly lower in octogenarians than non-octogenarians. There was no difference in the disease-specific survival for each stage of cancer after adjustment for tumor stage. Conclusion: Octogenarians had more preoperative risk factors and postoperative morbidity and mortality, but cancer-specific survival was comparable with non-octogenarians. Careful preoperative evaluation, thorough resection, and attentive postoperative care can improve the overall survival of octogenarians with gastric cancer.
RF Watermark Backward Compatibility Tests for the ATSC Terrestrial DTV Receivers
Sung Ik Park,Jeongchang Kim,Daewon Choi,Heung Mook Kim,Wangrok Oh IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on broadcasting Vol.57 No.2
<P>In a single frequency network (SFN) for the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) terrestrial digital television (DTV) system, co-channel interference induced by the multiple transmitters and/or repeaters which use the same output channel is inevitable. Since the presence of interference results in the performance degradation of the SFN, it is crucial to manipulate the interference by adjusting the transmit power and the emission time of each transmitter and repeater within the SFN. In the ATSC terrestrial DTV system, in order to facilitate the interference manipulation process, a transmitter identification (TxID) signal which is embedded in the transmit signal from each transmitter and repeater is recommended. However, such an embedded signal may degrade the DTV signal quality even though the injection level of the TxID signal is very low compared to the DTV signal. Hence, the effect of the TxID signal on the DTV signal needs to be investigated before deploying the SFN with TxID signal. In this paper, the effect of the TxID signal on the performance of legacy DTV receivers is investigated not only with extensive computer simulation but also with laboratory and field tests. According to the various test results, the average performance loss of the conventional DTV receiver due to the TxID signal is less than 0.2 dB when the TxID signal is injected at 30 dB below the DTV signal power.</P>
Analytical Method for Nicotine in Synthetic Flavoring Subatances of E-cigarette using HPLC/PDA
( Sang Mok Lee ),( Jae Young Kim ),( Tae Hoon Kim ),( Han Jin Lee ),( Young Sik Chae ),( Jae Eun Kim ),( Il Hyun Kang ),( Yoon Jae Cho ),( Jung Ah Do ),( Jae Ho Oh ),( Moon Ik Chang ) 한국환경분석학회 2013 제1회 한국분석기술단체 총 연합 합동 심포지엄 Vol.0 No.-
Sang-Ik Oh,Ki-Tae Park,Young-Hun Jung,Yoon Jung Do,Chang Yong Choe,Ara Cho,Suhee Kim,Jae-Gyu Yoo 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.3
Background: The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, is a serious problem in the laying hen industry worldwide. Currently, the foremost control method for D. gallinae is the implementation of integrated pest management, the effective application of which necessitates a precise monitoring method. Objectives: The aim of the study was to propose an accurate monitoring method with a reliable protocol for caged-layer poultry farms, and to suggest an objective classification for assessing D. gallinae infestation on caged-layer poultry farms according to the number of mites collected using the developed monitoring method. Methods: We compared the numbers of mites collected from corrugated cardboard traps, regarding with length of sampling periods, sampling sites on cage, and sampling positions in farm buildings. The study also compared the mean numbers of mites collected by the developed method with the infestation levels using by the conventional monitoring methods in 37 caged-layer farm buildings. Results: The statistical validation provided the suitable monitoring method that the traps were installed for 2 days on feed boxes at 27 sampling points which included three vertical levels across nine equally divided zones of farms. Using this monitoring method, the D. gallinae infestation level can be assessed objectively on caged-layer poultry farms. Moreover, the method is more sensitive than the conventional method in detecting very small populations of mites. Conclusions: This method can be used to identify the initial stages of D. gallinae infestation in the caged-layer poultry farms, and therefore, will contribute to establishment of effective control strategies for this mite.