The Comparison of Clinical Outcomes between Inactive Chronic Hepatitis B and HBeAg Negative Hepatitis B with Virologic Response

( Seong Kyun Na ),( Byung-cheol Song ),( Eun Kwang Choi ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) suppress HCC development in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. This study is aimed to compare incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and survival between inactive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and HBeAg(-) CHB patients with virologic response. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed NA-naïve inactive CHB patients (n=80) and HBeAg(-) CHB patients on entecavir with virologic response (VR, DNA<2000 IU/mL) (n=72) at Jeju National University Hopital in Jeju, Korea, between March 2007 and December 2010. Decompensated liver cirrhosis patients were excluded. Results: Median follow-up duration was 8.1 years (interquartile range[IQR] 7.0 - 9.0). Age, sex distribution were not different between two groups, however, patients with liver cirrhosis was higher in HBeAg(-) CHB group (8.8% versus 30.6%, P=0.001). During the follow up, one HCC (1.3%) and 10 HCCs (13.9%) were developed, in inactive group and HBeAg(-) CHB group, respectively. Estimated 10-year HCC incidence rates were 1.5% in inactive group and 25.4% in HBeAg(-) CHB group (P<0.001). Progression to decompensation was comparable (no event in inactive group, one hepatic encephalopathy in HBeAg(-) CHB group, P=0.278). Liver-related death was also similar (no death in inactive group, one death in HBeAg(-) CHB group, P=0.278). In multivariable analysis, HBeAg(-) CHB (adjusted hazard ratio[aHR] 10.17 (95% confidence interval[CI] 1.20-86.29), P=0.034) and liver cirrhosis (aHR 11.02 (95% CI 2.61-46.63), P=0.001) were significant risk factors for HCC. Conclusions: Between inactive CHB patients and HBeAg(-) CHB patients on entecavir with VR, overall survival was comparable. However, HCC incidence was significantly higher in HBeAg(-) CHB patients with VR.

Efficacy of Long-Term Tenofovir-Based Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Previous Nucleos(t)ide Analogues Treatment Experience

( Na Eun Lee ),( Hong Seon Son ),( Sung Hoon Choi ),( Chang Hun Lee ),( Seung Young Seo ),( Seong Hun Kim ),( Sang Wook Kim ),( Seung Ok Lee ),( Soo Teik Lee ),( Dae Ghon Kim ),( In Hee Kim ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is considered as the preferred treatment option for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with treatment failure or resistance to prior nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) treatment. We investigated the efficacy of long-term TDF-based therapy in CHB patients with previous NAs-experience. Methods: This study included total 251 patients who had previous history of NAs therapy and were treated with TDF mono (n=173) or TDF combined with other NA (n=78) from August 2012 to March 2017. Virologic response (VR) was defined as undetectable serum HBV DNA by PCR (<20 IU/mL). Results: Mean age of patients was 49.3 years, median duration of TDF therapy was 27.2 months, 75.7% were HBeAg-positive, and median HBV DNA was 3.7 log10IU/mL. The cumulative rates of VR were 188/244 (77.0%), 180/211 (85.3%), and 146/161 (90.7%) at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that body mass index (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61-0.95, p=0.0189) and duration of TDF therapy (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.18, p=0.0221) was significantly associated with VR. TDF monotherapy, HBeAg-positivity, platelet count, serum albumin was associated with VR in the univariate analysis, but not significant in the multivariate analysis. In relation to renal safety, patients showed renal impairment (7, 3.0%), mild hypophosphatemia (15, 7.2%), severe hypophosphatemia (1, 0.4%). Conclusions: Long-term TDF-based therapy demonstrated highly effective in viral suppression and relatively favorable renal safety in CHB patients with previous NA-experience. The body mass index and duration of TDF therapy was independent factors associated with VR.

Comparison of Virologic Response and Renal Safety of Long-Term Antiviral Therapy with Tenofovir and Entecavir in Naive Patient with Chronic Hepatitis B

( Hong Seon Son ),( Sung Hoon Choi ),( Na Eun Lee ),( Chang Hun Lee ),( Seung Young Seo ),( Seong Hun Kim ),( Sang Wook Kim ),( Seung Ok Lee ),( Soo Teik Lee ),( Dae Ghon Kim ),( In Hee Kim ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Tenofovir (TDF) entecavir (ETV) are considered as the preferred treatment options for treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. We compared the virologic response and renal safety of long-term TDF versus ETV therapy in naïve CHB patients. Methods: This retrospective study included total 432 patients who were treated with TDF (n=205) or ETV (n=227) from August 2012 to March 2017. Virologic response (VR) was defined as undetectable serum HBV DNA by PCR (<20 IU/mL). Results: Mean age of patients, sex, baseline serum levels of AST, ALT, creatinine, and HBV DNA were not significantly different between TDF and ETV groups. The cumulative rates of VR between TDF and ETV groups were 71.6% vs. 61.8% (p=0.477), 88.1% vs. 79.6% (p=0.058), and 84.8% vs. 83.7% (p=0.966) at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The cumulative rates of genotypic resistance between TDF and ETV groups were 0% vs. 0%, 0% vs. 1.5% (p=0.404), and 0% vs. 2.2% (p=0.447) at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Incidences of renal impairment and hypophosphatemia during treatment up to 3 years were not significantly different between two groups. Multivariate analysis showed that HBeAg-positivity (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.12-0.58, p=0.0012) and serum HBV DNA at 1 year 2000 IU/mL (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.03-0.25, p<0.0001) were significantly associated with VR. Conclusions: Long-term TDF and ETV treatments appear to have similar virologic response and renal safety in naïve CHB patient. However, long-term ETV therapy might to be associated with genotypic resistance in 2.2% up to 3 years, while none of patients on TDF therapy did.

결장직장암 환자의 임상적 고찰 : 조선대학교 부속병원의 10년 간의 결과

나은종,문성표,장정환,김권천,민영돈,김성환,조현진,김정용,김경종 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.2

Background and Objectives: The colorectal cancer rates 4th in the total cancer prevalence in Korea. The clinical patient demographics were considered with the incidence rate of the colon and rectal cancer. The clinicopathological factors were analyzed for the 5 year survival rate. Materials Methods: Of the 282 patients who were operated from Jan. 1, 1992 to Dec. 31, 2001 and diagnosed by pathological biopsy as colo-rectal cancer, 234 patients were followed up. The age, sex, location of the cancer, TNM stage, operation method, histopathological classification, metastatic region, complications after operation and the survival rate were investigated. Results: Of the 234 patients, male and female consisted of 120 cases (51.3%) and 114 cases (46.7%), with an average age of 61.6 years. The average follow up period was 52.3 months and the peri operative mortality was 5.6%. The site of the cancer was most frequent at the rectum with 127 cases (54.3%). The patients were classified according to the TNM stages with 38 cases of stage 1 (16.2%), 98 cases of II (41.9%), 72 cases of III (30.8%) and 26 cases of IV (11.1%). The 5 year survival rate in the age group older than 50 was 63.3 % and 73.5% in the group younger than 50. In regard to the operation type, the 5 year survival rate was 65.4% for elective operation and 65.8% for emergency operation. The 5 year survival rate for well differentiated, moderately differentiated, poorly differentiated cancer, and mucinous adenocarcinoma was 73.7%, 60.2%, 58.3%, and 92.6%, respectively. The 5 year survival rate of each of the TNM stage is 81.1%, 74.8%, 57.0%, and 11.5% for Classes I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Conclusion: The clinical factors were analyzed for the 5 year survival rate with no statistical significance for the age, sex, and location of the cancer. The TNM stage and histopathological differentiation were statistically significant. The colon cancer showed better prognosis compared to the rectal cancer.

운동신경원성 질환을 동반한 전측두엽 치매 1례

최성혜,나덕렬,김병준,이정일,서연림,김상은 대한신경과학회 1998 대한신경과학회지 Vol.16 No.4

Image Framing 기법을 이용한 Urban Skinscape

나성은 경기대학교 건축전문대학원 2007 경기대학교 건축대학원 논문집 Vol.11 No.-

This study starts from the interest on the personal image and extends to the exploration on how the immateriality is physically substantialized through a mutual connection and response between the personal image and the construction. In the 21st century, we are living in an era of image and an era of digital revolution. The images in this image era became a part of our daily experiences through films, television, and brilliant advertisements and has been used as a architectural expression. Also, the city in the image era is interpreted as an environment rather than construction. Economic efficiency and functionality which were standards of human value for a long time are now being replaced by more personal and emotional images such as emotional and psychological satisfaction of the user, upon the advent of information based society. Today where the image is the reality, it seems the modern city architecture theories that emphasize function or efficiency is no longer meaningful. Through post modern experiments, the modern construction and major city discussions were naturally connected to various science fields, and the architecture was no longer a physical substance that simply satisfies the human desire. Instead, architecture and city gained their positions in the intellectual system that conditions the modern civilization. Now, the architecture is interpreted as the physical device that realizes and imposes order on various discussions within reality, and as the device that generates and communicates various meanings in relation to human life. For this, architects attempt to present the architecture in efficient ways through such concepts as self reference, text, landscape, fold, machine, and diagram. In particular, modern digital design tools became the foundation of realizing these concepts and provided the architecture with individualism that could not be even imaged in the modern architecture. Digital technology is leading the architecture in the direction of maximizing the difference as opposed to mass production which was the basic foundation that used to back up the modern architecture. Today, as the digital technology is used as a tool of creation rather than a tool of symbol for visualization, digital morphologic creation is playing a decisive role in disposing the identity based traditional architectural methods and moving forward to the architecture of difference. This study is a series of tests of retracing the meaning of images in the architecture in the flow of modern architecture history and exploring the possibilities found in the process of architectural process based on the conceptual interpretation on the image as the new direction of expressing the connection between the image and architecture that is found particularly in the modern architecture. Also, this study expresses interest in the skin which was triggered by the misgivings on the modern architecture in Korea which brings in the intricacies of the city in a spatial aspect. As raising doubts on whether the space limited to void and solid concepts according to their definition is useful in the high density commercial district and is capable of satisfying the marketability, this study is an attempt to explore the possibility of establishing the skin as the major concept of defining the relationship between the city and architecture. 본 연구는 개인적인 이미지에 대한 관심에서 출발하여 그것이 건축과의 연장선상에서 어떤 식으로 연관성을 갖고 서로의 영역에 대해 반응하여, 비실체가 어떻게 물리적으로 실체화 될 수 있는지에 대한 탐구과정에서 시작되었다. 21세기에 접어든 오늘날 우리는 이미지의 시대에 살고 있으며 또한 디지털 혁명의 시대에 살고 있다. 이미지 시대의 이미지는 영화, 텔레비전, 현란한 광고물 등을 통해 우리의 일상적 경험으로 다가 오고 있고 또한 건축적 표현 기법으로 사용되고 있다. 또한 이미지 시대의 도시는 건축적이기 보다 환경으로서 읽혀진다. 오랫동안 인간 가치의 척도였던 경제성과 기능성은, 지식정보화사회의 도래와 함께 사용자의 정서적 심리적 만족과 같은 보다 개인적이고 감성적인 이미지 중심으로 바뀌고 있다. 이미지가 곧 실제인 지금의 시점에서 더 이상 기능이나 효율성을 강조하는 근대 도시건축이론은 무의미한 것처럼 보인다. 탈근대의 실험은 현대 건축과 도시의 주요 담론들을 다양한 학문 영역들과 자연스럽게 연계시켰으며, 건축은 더 이상 단순히 인간의 욕구를 충족시키는 물리적 실체로만 바라볼 수 없게 되었다. 대신 건축과 도시는 현대 문명을 조건 짓는 지적 체계의 지위를 얻게 되었다. 이제 건축은 다양한 지적 담론들을 현실 속에서 구현하면서 그들을 통해 질서를 부여하는 물리적 장치로서, 또한 인간의 삶과 관련하여 다양한 의미를 발생시키고 소통시키는 장치로서 이해된다. 이를 위하여 건축가들은 자기 지시성, 텍스트, 랜드스케이프, 주름, 기계, 다이아그램 등을 개념을 통하여 건축을 효과적으로 드러내려 한다. 특히 현대의 디지털 디자인 틀은 이런 생각을 실현시키는 기반이 되었으며, 근대건축이 상상할 수 없던 개별성을 건축에 제공했다. 디지털 기술은 근대건축을 뒷받침하는 근본적인 토대인 대량생산 대신에 차이를 극대화하는 방향으로 건축을 이끌고 있다. 이제 디지털 기술은 시각화를 위한 표상의 도구로서 사용되기보다는 생성의 도구로 사용되면서, 디지털 형태 생성은 동일성에 근거한 전통적인 건축 수법들을 폐기하고 차이의 건축으로 나아가게 하는데 결정적인 작용을 하고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 현대건축의 흐름을 바탕으로 하여 이미지와 건축에 있어서의 의미를 되짚어 보고 현대건축에 드러나는 또 다른 가치로서의 이미지와 건축의 상관성, 특히 현대건축에서 맥락 드러내기의 새로운 방향성 모색으로서의 이미지에 대한 개념적 해석을 바탕으로 그 건축화 과정을 통해 드러나는 가능성들에 대한 실험이다. 또 하나 공간적 방식으로 도시적 맥락을 끌어들이고 있는 현대 한국건축에 대한 의구심으로 부터 출발한 표피에 대한 관심이 그것이다. 과연 고밀도의 상업가로에서 이들이 설정한 보이드와 솔리드의 개념으로 한정된 공간이 유용한 것이며, 상업성을 만족시킬 수 있는가 하는 의구심과 함께 표피를 도시와 건축의 관계를 설정하는 주요개념으로 설정해 보고자하는 가능성에 대한 탐구이다.

'광고연구'에 발표된 논문들의 인용 및 저자 분석

조은성,김세나 한국방송광고공사 2007 광고연구 Vol.0 No.74

본 연구는‘광고연구’에 1988년 제 1호부터 2006년 제 72호까지 19년의 기간 동안 게재된 논문의 인용 분석을 실시하였다. 광고 분야에서 국내 및 해외 학술지의 영향력, 인용된 학술지의 다양성, 그리고 자료 유형의 변화 등을 조사하였다. 인용분석을 통해 살펴본 ‘광고연구’의 변화 발전해 온 주요한 부분은 다음과 같다. 우선, 저자의 구성과 관련하여 대학교수 등 학계에 소속된 저자에 의한 논문의 비율이 증가한 반면 연구소 등 업계 소속 저자의 비율은 감소하였다. 광고/언론학 전공자들의 비율은 증가한 반면 경영학 전공자들의 비율은 다소 감소하였다. 복수전공간 공동연구 및 업계 - 학계 공동연구는 아직 높은 비율은 아니지만 꾸준히 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 1인 저자에 의한 단독 연구는 지속적으로 줄어들고 있으며, 여러 명의 저자가 참여하는 복수저자 논문의 비율이 증가하고 있다. 둘째, 인용된 자료 형태에 대해서는 한국어 및 영문 자료 모두에서 학술지의 비율은 증가한 반면 단행본 및 실무지의 비율은 감소하는 경향을 관찰할 수 있다. 셋째, 국내 학술지 중에서‘광고연구’는 가장 많은 인용을 받았다. 그러나‘광고학 연구’등 국내의 다른 학술지에 대한 인용이 빠르게 증가하면서 예전과 같은 절대적 영향력은 다소 축소되고 있는 것으로 보인다. 마지막으로, 국내 학술지와 영문 학술지 모두에 대해 학술지 인용 다양성이 증가하였다. 그러나 영문 학술지에 대한 인용 다양성의 경우 JAR나 JA와 같은 해외 유력 학술지에 비해서는 아직 낮은 상태에 머물고 있다. Utilizing a citation analysis of Advertising Research over the nineteen year period 1988 to 2006, this study reports what is most influential academic journals in the advertising field. This study also examines the longitudinal changes in reference diversity, the form of cited sources and the author characteristics of Advertising Research. The results reveal that Advertising Research has achieved significant improvement in several aspects. First, increasing numbers of papers have been written by the authors who work for academic institutions such as professor while the share of industry authors has decreased. The proportion of the authors who have advertising/communication background have increased whereas the ratio of the authors who have management has decreased. Cooperation between multiple disciplines and between academic and industry has also increased. Second, journals have received increasing amount of citations in Advertising Research, rather than other forms of sources such as books and trade magazines. Third, Advertising Research was the most frequently cited Korean journal in the citation of both Advertising Research and the Korean Journal of Advertising. However, the rapid development of other Korean journals seems to reduce the formerly overwhelming influence of Advertising Research. Finally, longitudinal analyses of Advertising Research show substantial increase in the diversity of cited journals, which suggests broader utilization of knowledge sources. However, the absolute level of reference diversity still lags behind that of prestigious journals such as Journal of Advertising and Journal of Advertising Research.

전국 단위 감시체계의 현황과 전망

강성규,안연순,지영구,김형옥,하미나,권호장,백남종,김성아,홍윤철,김재용,강대희,정혜선,하은희 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

韓國人의 各 臟器組織中 靑酸鹽의 微量分布에 關한 硏究(Ⅱ)

張成吉,金恩浩,金英雲,李鎭勳,柳在薰,權五星,金明德,吳世珍,金由那 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2001 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.33 No.-

대동맥 판막 치환술 후 반복되는 Acinetobacter baumannii 균혈증의 원인이 된 대동맥염 1예

정용필,김성철,송은희,장은영,김은경,김윤지,성흥섭,김미나,최상호,우준희,김양수 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.3

감염성 대동맥염은 흔하지 않지만 매우 위중한 질병으로 Salmonella so.와 S. aureus가 주된 원인균이다. 아직까지 병원내 감염의 주요 원인균인 Acinetobacter baumannii에 의한 감염성 대동맥염은 보고된 바가 없었다. 저자들은 대동맥 판막 치환술을 시행받은 76세 남자 환자에서 적절한 항생제 투여에도 반복되는 A. baumannii 균혈증의 원인이 감염성 대동맥염으로 진단되었던 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Infectious aortitis is an uncommon yet, life threatening disease. Early surgical treatment and prolonged antibiotic therapy is crucial to survival. Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus are the most common organisms isolated. There is no case report of infectious aortitis caused by Acinetobacter baumannii, which has recently emerged as a major cause of health care-associated infections. Here, we describe a 76-year-old male with infectious aortitis who experienced recurrent bacteremia due to A. baumannii in spite of adequate antimicrobial therapy after aortic valve replacement.