Comparing the Effect of Arabic, Basil Seed and Salvia Macrosiphon Gums-Based Coatings on the Shelf-Life of Tomatoes

Zahra Pourshaab Fallah,Ali Motamedzadegan,Mahsa Mohammadi Haghighi,Zahra Latifi,Sepideh Gholami Khesht 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.26 No.4

A novel edible coating containing basil seed gum (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5%), Salvia macrosiphon seed gum (0.25, 0.5, and 0.75%), and Arabic gum (10%) at normal pH and pH 5/6 has been used as a postharvest treatment to maintain tomato quality and safety. In this study, the physicochemical properties of tomatoes were investigated during 35 days of storage at 4℃. During storage, coated fruit showed increases in vitamin C retention, reduced weight loss, color changes, and accelerated softening. However, treatment of tomatoes with gum significantly delayed onset of parameters related to loss of postharvest quality, and storability was extended. All the coated samples had increased vitamin C retention compared with controls, with highest contents observed for tomatoes coated in basil seed gum 0.1% and Arabic gum at pH 5.6. In conclusion, basil seed gum 0.1%, S. macrosiphon seed gum 0.25 and 0.5%, and Arabic gum at normal pH were the best treatments for maintaining postharvest quality of tomatoes.

The Association of Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity with Inflammatory Biomarkers and Anthropometric Indices in Patients Who Candidate for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: a Cross-sectional Study

Mohammadi Zahra,Abdollahzad Hadi,Rezaeian Shahab,Sabzi Feridoun,Tafteh Nazanin 한국임상영양학회 2021 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.10 No.4

Antioxidant compounds can attenuate inflammation and delay degenerative processes especially in the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to determine the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and serum biomarkers in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. In this cross-sectional study, 146 patients who had referred to Imam Ali Hospital in Kermanshah were recruited and demographic, anthropometric, physical activity and dietary data were collected. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum levels of lipid profile, inflammatory markers (interleukin [IL]-17, intercellular and vascular cell adhesion molecules [ICAM, VCAM]), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were also measured. A regression model adjusted for confounding variables presented that the coefficients of ICAM and VCAM (ng/dL) in the third tertile of DTAC were lower than those in the first tertile (β = −417.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −509.9 to −324.5, p < 0.001; β = −293.2, 95% CI = −334.3, −252.1, p < 0.001, respectively). The β of serum TAC (ng/dL) in the third tertile was 0.86 (95% CI = 0.77, 0.95, p < 0.001) higher than that in the first tertile. DTAC had no statistically significant relationship with lipid profile, FBG, and IL-17 levels, and anthropometric indices. In this study DTAC was associated with increased serum TAC and decreased cell adhesion molecules. Therefore, diet antioxidants may be beneficial in attenuating of inflammation in coronary artery diseases.

Concept Analysis of Empowerment in Old People with Chronic Diseases Using a Hybrid Model

Zahra Fotoukian,Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulaghi,Masoud Fallahi Khoshknab,Easa Mohammadi 한국간호과학회 2014 Asian Nursing Research Vol.8 No.3

Purpose The purpose of this study was to clarify the meaning and the nature of empowerment concept in some Iranian old people suffering from chronic diseases. Methods Concept analysis was undertaken according to the hybrid model, which consists of three phases: an initial theoretical phase, a fieldwork phase and a final analytical phase. After an extensive review of the literature in order to describe the characteristics and definition of the concept, a fieldwork phase followed in order to empirically elucidate the empowerment concept in the Iranian old people with chronic diseases. In the third phase, attributes of empowerment were extracted from the first and second phases. Purposive sampling was done for 13 participants consisted of 7 old people with chronic diseases, 3 family caregivers of elderly adult with chronic disease and 3 health care providers with experience of care with elderly patients with chronic disease. Results The review of literature in theoretical phase determined the attributes of the concept, including “active participation”, “informed change”, “knowledge to problem solve”, “self-care responsibility”, “presence of client competency”, and “control of health or life”. Fieldwork phase determined attributes such as “awareness promotion”, “sense of control”, “the development of personal abilities”, “autonomy”, and “coping”. In the final analytical phase, the critical attributes of old people with chronic diseases were investigated. They included “social participation”, “informed change”, “awareness promotion to problem solve”, “presence of client competency”, and “control of health or life”, “autonomy”, “coping” and “the development of personal abilities”. Conclusion The concept analysis of empowerment showed some of the required conditions for the empowerment of older people with chronic diseases in nursing care, which have not been mentioned in the literature.

Concept Analysis of Empowerment in Old People with Chronic Diseases Using a Hybrid Model

Zahra Fotoukian,Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulaghi,Masoud Fallahi Khoshknab,Easa Mohammadi 한국간호과학회 2014 Asian Nursing Research Vol.8 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the meaning and the nature of empowerment concept in some Iranian old people suffering from chronic diseases. Methods: Concept analysis was undertaken according to the hybrid model, which consists of three phases: an initial theoretical phase, a fieldwork phase and a final analytical phase. After an extensive review of the literature in order to describe the characteristics and definition of the concept, a fieldwork phase followed in order to empirically elucidate the empowerment concept in the Iranian old people with chronic diseases. In the third phase, attributes of empowerment were extracted from the first and second phases. Purposive sampling was done for 13 participants consisted of 7 old people with chronic diseases, 3 family caregivers of elderly adult with chronic disease and 3 health care providers with experience of care with elderly patients with chronic disease. Results: The review of literature in theoretical phase determined the attributes of the concept, including “active participation”, “informed change”, “knowledge to problem solve”, “self-care responsibility”, “presence of client competency”, and “control of health or life”. Fieldwork phase determined attributes such as “awareness promotion”, “sense of control”, “the development of personal abilities”, “autonomy”, and “coping”. In the final analytical phase, the critical attributes of old people with chronic diseases were investigated. They included “social participation”, “informed change”, “awareness promotion to problem solve”, “presence of client competency”, and “control of health or life”, “autonomy”, “coping” and “the development of personal abilities”. Conclusion: The concept analysis of empowerment showed some of the required conditions for the empowerment of older people with chronic diseases in nursing care, which have not been mentioned in the literature.

A Regionalization Model to Increase Equity of Access to Maternal and Neonatal Care Services in Iran

Zahra Mohammadi Daniali,Mohammad Mehdi Sepehri,Farzad Movahedi Sobhani,Mohammad Heidarzadeh 대한예방의학회 2022 예방의학회지 Vol.55 No.1

Objectives: Access to maternal and neonatal care services (MNCS) is an important goal of health policy in developing countries. In this study, we proposed a 3-level hierarchical location-allocation model to maximize the coverage of MNCS providers in Iran. Methods: First, the necessary criteria for designing an MNCS network were explored. Birth data, including gestational age and birth weight, were collected from the data bank of the Iranian Maternal and Neonatal Network national registry based on 3 service levels (I, II, and III). Vehicular travel times between the points of demand and MNCS providers were considered. Alternative MNCS were mapped in some cities to reduce access difficulties. Results: It was found that 130, 121, and 86 MNCS providers were needed to respond to level I, II, and III demands, respectively, in 373 cities. Service level III was not available in 39 cities within the determined travel time, which led to an increased average travel time of 173 minutes to the nearest MNCS provider. Conclusions: This study revealed inequalities in the distribution of MNCS providers. Management of the distribution of MNCS providers can be used to enhance spatial access to health services and reduce the risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity. This method may provide a sustainable healthcare solution at the policy and decision-making level for regional, or even universal, healthcare networks.

Social determinants of adherence to COVID-19 preventive guidelines: a comprehensive review

Zahra Jorjoran Shushtari,Yahya Salimi,Sina Ahmadi,Nader Rajabi-Gilan,Marzieh Shirazikhah,Akbar Biglarian,Ali Almasi,Mohammad Ali Mohammadi Gharehghani 질병관리본부 2021 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.12 No.6

Adherence to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preventive guidelines (ACPG) is an important strategy to control the COVID-19 pandemic effectively. The present study aimed to identify and summarize the social determinants of ACPG among the general population. A comprehensive review was performed from December 2019 to February 2021 through searching electronic databases. Two independent reviewers assessed and selected relevant studies. Next, the characteristics and main findings of the included studies were summarized. Finally, the World Health Organization’s conceptual framework of social determinants of health was used to synthesize the identified social determinants of ACPG. Forty-one of 453 retrieved articles met the inclusion criteria. The study results showed different patterns of ACPG among various communities. Furthermore, 84 social determinants were identified and categorized into structural and intermediary determinants. ACPG is a set of complex behaviors associated with different individual sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics; living and working conditions; COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and risk perceptions; exposure to sources and information level; leisure activities; social support; trust; social norms; psychosocial well-being; socio-economic position; and the socio-economic and political context. Interventions to promote ACPG among the general population should consider the identified social determinants of ACPG.

Preparation of organic-filled compatible nanocomposite membranes for enhanced CO2 permselectivity

Zahra Rezaee,Toraj Mohammadi,Omid Bakhtiari 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-

Ideally structured nanocomposite membranes may possess the maximum desired separation propertiesof both filler particles and the host polymer matrix. To approach this goal in this study, some nanocompositedense membranes were prepared using Pebax 1657 and polyaniline nanofiber (PANI) with closedstructural properties in their different concentrations by applying various ethanol/water solvent mixturesand the solution method casting and solvent evaporation phase inversion. The structural characteristicsof the membranes were evaluated using SEM, FTIR (ATR), and XRD analysis and then their CO2 and CH4permeabilities were measured. The structural analysis revealed that the prepared nanocomposite membraneshave defect-free structures and the amorphous PANI nanofibers were dispersed uniformly withinthe nanocomposite membranes leading to their lower crystallinities. As the nanofiber loading increasedin the continuous phase, both CO2 permeability and selectivity of the nanocomposite membranes wereincreased simultaneously and passed over the 1991 Robeson upper bound limit and approached thatof 2008. CO2 permeability and ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity of the nanocomposite membrane loaded by 10wt. % of the PANI nanofibers were increased to 121.2 Barrer and 33, respectively, revealing 64 and 40% increments.

Relationships between Self-Efficacy and Pap Smear Screening in Iranian Women

Majdfar, Zahra,Khodadost, Mahmoud,Majlesi, Freshteh,Rahimi, Abbas,Shams, Mohsen,Mohammadi, Gohar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.no.sup3

Cervical cancer is the fourth common cancer among women worldwide. Pap smear screening has resulted in deceasing incidence of cervical cancer in developed countries but low uptake of Pap smear screening among women in developing countries is still a public health challenge. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between self-efficacy and timely uptake of Pap smear among Iranian women. A total of 580 married women referred to primary health care centers covered administratively by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran were administered a questionnaire by trained staff. Data were analyzed with SPSS (version 16) software, using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The mean age for participants was $33.1{\pm}8.8years$. There was a significant association between self-efficacy and Pap smear screening (P<0.01). There was also a positive correlation between duration of marriage and husband's education with Pap smear uptake (P<0.01). In univariate analysis, there was a significant association between Pap smear uptake and level of selfefficacy (OR = 15.3 for intermediate and OR=7.4 for good level), duration of marriage (OR = 5.7 for 5-14 years and OR=10.4 for more than 15), age (OR =2.7 for 27-34 years and OR=7.4 for more than 35 years) and husband education level (OR=2.3 for more than 12 years of education). In multivariate analysis, significant associations persisted between Pap smear uptake and self-efficacy (OR = 23.8; 95% CI: 8.7, 65.5), duration of marriage (OR = 5.9; 95% CI: 2.8, 12.2), age (OR = 3.9; 95% CI: 1.2, 12.9) and husband's education (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 2.0, 10.3). Efforts are needed to increase women's knowledge about cervical cancer and improve their self-efficacy and perceptions of the Pap smear screening in order to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates.

Efficacy of abdominal massage with mastic gum oil on gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms of infant: a randomized controlled trial

Hoorieh Mohammadi Kenari,Mansureh Akhavan,Mahnaz Sadeghian,Ali Ghobadi,Shahrbanoo Nakhaie,Zahra Rampisheh,Nasrin Khalessi 한국한의학연구원 2020 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.9 No.4

The Effect of Comfrey on Enoxaparin-Induced Bruise in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Randomised Clinical Trial

Bagheri Zahra,Azizi Azim,Oshvandi Khodayar,Mohammadi Younes,Larki-Harchegani Amir 대한약침학회 2021 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.24 No.4

Objectives: Bruising is an important side effect of enoxaparin injection. Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) is used to treat different types of wounds, bone fractures, and bruising in traditional medicine in many countries for centuries. This study aimed to determine the effects of the Comfrey ointment on the bruise size and color following enoxaparin injection. Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The participants were randomly divided into two groups of 40, namely Comfrey and Placebo. Changes in bruise size and color in both groups were assessed daily before and after the intervention. Results: The Comfrey and Placebo groups were homogeneous in demographic and clinical variables. A downward trend was observed in the bruise size in both groups throughout the study. However, the bruise size was smaller in the Comfrey group than the Placebo group on day 2-5 of the intervention. Moreover, there was a significant difference in bruise color between the groups, with a shorter healing course in the Comfrey group. Conclusion: The Comfrey ointment accelerated the healing process of enoxaparin injection-induced bruising in patients with ACS. It is recommended as a safe and simple approach for these patients.