Altered Functional Connectivity of the Nucleus Accumbens and Amygdala in Cyber Addiction: A Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Minsoo Ko(Minsoo Ko),Su-hyuk Chi(Su-hyuk Chi),Jong-ha Lee(Jong-ha Lee),Sang-il Suh(Sang-il Suh),Moon-Soo Lee(Moon-Soo Lee) 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.2

Objective: Cyber addiction, which is more vulnerable in adolescents, is defined as the excessive use of computers and the Internet that causes serious psychological, social, and physical problems. In this study, we investigated the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in adolescents with cyber addiction. Methods: We collected and analyzed resting-state functional neuroimaging data of 20 patients with cyber addiction, aged 13−18 years, and 27 healthy controls. Based on previous studies, the seed regions included the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, medial orbitofrontal cortex, lateral orbitofrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, insula, hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and the ventral tegmental area. Seed-to-voxel analyses were performed to investigate the differences between patients and healthy controls. A correlation analysis between rsFC and cyber addiction severity was also performed. Results: Patients with cyber addiction showed the following characteristics: increased positive rsFC between the left insular−right middle temporal gyrus; increased positive rsFC between the right hippocampus−right precentral gyrus; increased positive rsFC between the right amygdala−right precentral gyrus and right parietal operculum cortex; increased negative rsFC between the left nucleus accumbens−right cerebellum crus II and right cerebellum VI. Conclusion: Adolescents with cyber addiction show altered functional connectivity during the resting state. The findings of this study may help us better understand the neuropathology of cyber addiction in adolescents.

Pediatric Consultation-liasion psychiatry

Minsoo Ko(고민수) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2022 대한소아청소년정신의학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

Impact of the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic on Mental Health among Local Residents in Korea: a Cross Sectional Study

Ko Minsoo,Cho Hye-mi,Park Jinsol,Chi SuHyuk,Han Changsu,Yi Hyun-suk,Lee Moon-Soo 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.46

Background: This study aimed to evaluate traumatic stress and mental health problems associated with the prolonged coronavirus disease pandemic and to determine the differences across different age groups. Methods: A total of 1,151 individuals who visited Gwangmyeong City Mental Health Welfare Center, South Korea, or accessed the website from September 1 to December 31, 2020, were included in the study. Mental health problems such as traumatic stress (Primary Care Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screen for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-5); depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Children's Depression Inventory); anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Penn State Worry Questionnaire for Children); suicide risk (P4 Screener); and demographic information were evaluated. The participants were divided into three groups based on age group: children and adolescents, adults, and the elderly. Results: The results showed that 24.7%, 20.9%, 16.8%, and 20.5% of the participants were at high-risk for traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and suicide, respectively. The difference in the proportion of high-risk groups by age of all participants was significant for traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and suicide risk. In particular, the percentage of high-risk groups in all areas was the highest in the adult group. Also, in most areas, the ratio of the high-risk groups for children and adolescent group was the lowest, but the suicide risk-related ratio was not (adolescent group: 20.9%, adult group: 25%, elderly group 9.3%). Conclusion: These results suggest that there is a need for continued interest in the mental health of the general population even after the initial period of coronavirus disease. Additionally, this study may be helpful when considering the resilience or risk factors of mental health in a prolonged disaster situation.

TFP를 이용한 목적기초연구투자의 경제적 효과 분석

Ko, MinSoo,Lee, DeokJoo 대한산업공학회 2008 대한산업공학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.11

최근 10년간 기초연구에 대한 관심이 범세계적으로 높아지고 있는 추세에 있으며, 이는 기초연구가 고급 기술인력 양성을 통한 원천지식 및 기술확보의 중요한 수단으로 인식되고 있음에 기인한다. 한국의 경우 전체 기초연구투자가 80년대 중반 이후 꾸준히 증가하여 왔으나 기업의 기초연구 투자가 정부의 기초연구투자에 비해 낮은 수준에 머물러 있는 실정이다. 이는 기초연구의 산출물에 대한 기업의 사적 전유가 힘들고 높은 불확실성을 내포하고 있기 때문이다. 이러한 이유로 인해, 기초연구에 대한 투자가 사회적으로 바람직한 수준보다 낮은 투자가 이루어질 가능성이 높으며,따라서 정부가 기초연구에 투자를 늘림으로써 자원배분의 비효율성을 보완하고 나아가 기초연구에서 발생한 지식파급효과 또는 전이효과를 통해 기업의 연구개발 활동을 자극할 필요성이 존재하게 된다. 이와 같은 필요성에 의해서 정부나 또는 민간부문에서 기초연구에 대한 투자를 결정하고자 할 때 사전적으로 기초연구 투자의 경제적 효과에 대한 적절한 분석이 요구된다. 또한, 올바른 의사결정을 유도하기 위해서는 기초연구의 특성이 적절히 반영된 경제적 효과 측정 모형을 이용한 분석이 이루어져야 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 기초연구과정의 대표적인 특성인 투자에서부터 성과 달성까지의 시간지연(time-lag) 영향을 고려하여 기초연구 투자의 경제적 효과를 실증적으로 분석해보고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 목적기초연구투자의 성과요소를 정의하고, 각 요소를 대표하는 실증변수를 설정한 후 총 요소생산성(TFP)모형을 이용하여 목적기초연구투자의 성과가 일정한 시간지연 후에 각 산업에 미치는 경제적 효과가 어느 정도인지에 대한 실증분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 목적기초 연구투자의 경제적 효과는 산업별로 차이가 있으나 투자 후 10년째에 가장 큰 경제적 효과를 나타내는 것으로 분석되었다.

격리, 강박을 줄이기 위한 6단계 핵심 전략의 소개

고민수(Minsoo Ko),윤하정(Hajeong Yun),장용이(Yong Lee Jang) 대한사회정신의학회 2023 사회정신의학 Vol.28 No.2

역사적으로 격리 및 강박은 환자와 치료환경의 안전을 위하여 필수적인 치료적 중재로 사용해온 방법이다. 그러나 점차 환자의 자기 결정권이 치료의 필수 요소로 대두되고 있는 상황에서 격리 및 강박은 인권의 침해의 소지가 있으며, 이에 격리 및 강박을 최소화하기 위한 프로그램이나 전략들이 제시되고 있다. 본 종설에서는 그 중에서 미국 정신건강프로그램 국가 연합에서 제안한 6단계 핵심 전략에 대하여 소개하고자 한다. 또한 국내의 격리 및 강박 지침에 6단계 핵심 전략의 반영된 정도를 파악하여, 이를 통해 국내 정신건강의학과 입원 환자들의 격리 및 강박으로 인한 심리적, 신체적 손상을 줄이고 궁극적으로는 격리 및 강박을 최소화 할 수 있는 대안적 전략에 대하여 모색하고자 한다. Seclusion and restraint have long been considered essential therapeutic interventions for ensuring the safety of patients and the treatment environment. However, with the increasing emphasis on human rights and the recognition of patient autonomy being considered as crucial aspects of treatment, several programs have been proposed to minimize the use of seclusion and restraint. Among these, we aim to review the 6 Core Strategies outlined by the National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors in the United States and assess the extent to which these strategies are incorporated into domestic guidelines on seclusion and restraint. Furthermore, we aim to explore alternative approaches to reduce the use of seclusion and restraint, with the ultimate goal of minimizing the psychological and physical harm they may inflict on inpatients in the field of domestic psychiatry.

Human leucine zipper protein promotes hepatic steatosis <i>via</i> induction of apolipoprotein A-IV

Kang, Minsoo,Kim, Jeonghan,An, Hyoung-Tae,Ko, Jesang The Federation of American Societies for Experimen 2017 The FASEB Journal Vol.31 No.6

<P>The molecular mechanism of stress-induced hepatic steatosis is not well known. Human leucine zipper protein (LZIP) regulates the expression of genes involved in inflammation, cell migration, and stress response. The aim of this study was to determine the regulatory role of LZIP in stress-induced hepatic steatosis. We used a microarray analysis to identify LZIP-induced genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism. LZIP increased the expression of apolipoprotein A-IV (APOA4) mRNA. In the presence of stress inducer, APOA4 promoter analysis was performed, and LZIP-induced lipid accumulation was monitored in mouse primary cells and human tissues. Under Golgi stress conditions, LZIP underwent proteolytic cleavage and was phosphorylated by AKT to protect against proteasome degradation. The stabilized N-terminal LZIP was translocated to the nucleus, where it directly bound to the APOA4 promoter, leading to APOA4 induction. LZIP-induced APOA4 expression resulted in increased absorption of surrounding free fatty acids. LZIP also promoted hepatic steatosis inmouse liver. Both LZIP and APOA4 were highly expressed in human steatosis samples. Our findings indicate that LZIP is a novel modulator of APOA4 expression and hepatic lipid metabolism. LZIP might be a therapeutic target for developing treatment strategies for hepatic steatosis and related metabolic diseases.-Kang, M., Kim, J., An, H.-T., Ko, J. Human leucine zipper protein promotes hepatic steatosis via induction of apolipoprotein A-IV.</P>

Analysis and Comparison of Intrinsic Characteristics for Single and Multi-channel Nanoplate Vertical FET Devices

Ko, Kyul,Woo, Changbeom,Kim, Minsoo,Seo, Youngsoo,Kim, Shinkeun,Kang, Myounggon,Shin, Hyungcheol The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.5

In this paper, intrinsic characteristics of gate-all-around (GAA) nanoplate (NP) vertical FET (VFET) were investigated for single and multi-channel structure through 3-D technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations. The vertical device has strong immunity for the unprecedented short channel effects (SCE) and intrinsic gate delay compared with the lateral device owing to the flexible expansion channel in vertical direction. The proposed single and multi-channel NP VFETs (NP height = 40 nm) exhibit excellent characteristics with $I_{on}/I_{off}$ > $10^5$, subthreshold swing (SS) < 73 mV/decade, and drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) < 60 mV/V.

Comparison of dual-<i>k</i> spacer and single-<i>k</i> spacer for single NWFET and 3-stack NWFET

Ko, Hyungwoo,Kim, Jongsu,Kim, Minsoo,Kang, Myounggon,Shin, Hyungcheol Elsevier 2018 Solid-state electronics Vol.140 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The investigation of the Dual-<I>k</I> spacer through comparative analysis of single nanowire-FET(NWFET)/3-stack NWFET and underlap/overlap channel is conducted. It is known that the dug 3-stack NWFET has better delay characteristics than single NWFET with the use of high permittivity material of C<SUB>in</SUB> in Dual-<I>k</I> spacer structure. In addition, there is no difference of delay between overlap and underlap channel when it used Dual-k spacer structure but underlap channel of Dual-k 3-stack NWFET shows better short channel immunity.</P>

Macakurzin C Derivatives as a Novel Pharmacophore for Pan-Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Modulator

Ko Hyejin,An Seungchan,Jang Hongjun,Ahn Sungjin,Park In Guk,Hwang Seok Young,Gong Junpyo,Oh Soyeon,Kwak Soo Yeon,Choi Won Jun,Kim Hyoungsu,Noh Minsoo 한국응용약물학회 2023 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.31 No.3

The natural flavonoid macakurzin C (1) exhibited adiponectin biosynthesis-inducing activity during adipogenesis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and its molecular mechanism was directly associated with a pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) modulator affecting all three PPAR subtypes α, γ, and δ. In this study, increases in adiponectin biosynthesisinducing activity by macakurzin C derivatives (2–7) were studied. The most potent adiponectin biosynthesis-inducing compound 6, macakurzin C 3,5-dimethylether, was elucidated as a dual PPARα/γ modulator. Compound 6 may exhibit the most potent activity because of the antagonistic relationship between PPARδ and PPARγ. Docking studies revealed that the O-methylation of macakurzin C to generate compound 6 significantly disrupted PPARδ binding. Compound 6 has therapeutic potential in hypoadiponectinemia- related metabolic diseases.

Analysis and Comparison of Intrinsic Characteristics for Single and Multi-channel Nanoplate Vertical FET Devices

Kyul Ko,Changbeom Woo,Minsoo Kim,Youngsoo Seo,Shinkeun Kim,Myounggon Kang,Hyungcheol Shin 대한전자공학회 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.5

In this paper, intrinsic characteristics of gate-all-around (GAA) nanoplate (NP) vertical FET (VFET) were investigated for single and multichannel structure through 3-D technology computeraided design (TCAD) simulations. The vertical device has strong immunity for the unprecedented short channel effects (SCE) and intrinsic gate delay compared with the lateral device owing to the flexible expansion channel in vertical direction. The proposed single and multi-channel NP VFETs (NP height = 40 nm) exhibit excellent characteristics with Ion/Ioff > 105, subthreshold swing (SS) < 73 mV/decade, and draininduced barrier lowering (DIBL) < 60 mV/V.