Effects of sperm insemination on the final meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes arrested at metaphase I after in vitro maturation

Yoon, Jeong,Juhn, Kyoung-Mi,Yoon, San-Hyun,Ko, Yong,Lim, Jin-Ho The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2017 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.44 No.1

Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate whether fertilization could induce the resumption of meiosis in mouse oocytes arrested at metaphase I (MI) after in vitro maturation (IVM), and to investigate the effect of $Ca^{2+}$ chelator treatment at the time of fertilization on the transition from MI to metaphase II (MII). Methods: MII-stage and arrested MI-stage mouse oocytes after IVM were fertilized, and then embryonic development was monitored. Blastocysts from each group were transferred into 2.5 days post-coitum pseudo-pregnant ICR mice. MI oocytes after IVM were treated with a $Ca^{2+}$ chelator to investigate the effect of $Ca^{2+}$ oscillations on their maturation. Results: As insemination time increased, the number of oocytes in the MI group that reached the MII stage also increased. The blastocyst rates and total cell numbers in the MII group were significantly higher than in the MI group. No pregnancy occurred in the MI group, but 10 pregnancies were achieved (10 of 12) in the MII group. The proportion of MI oocytes that matured to MII oocytes after fertilization was significantly higher in the non-treated group than in the $Ca^{2+}$ chelator-treated group. Conclusion: The findings that a higher proportion of MI-arrested oocytes progressed to MII after fertilization and that the MI-to-MII transition was blocked by $Ca^{2+}$ chelator treatments before fertilization indicate that the maturation of MI oocytes to MII oocytes is associated with intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ oscillations driven by fertilization.

생활치 표백술 후 수종의 자유 산소기 제거제 처리가 복합 레진-법랑질 전단 접착 강도 및 파절 양상에 미치는 영향

임경한,금기연,김애리,장수미 대한치과보존학회 2001 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.26 No.5

Tooth bleaching has been prevailing recently for its ability to recover the color and shape of natural teeth without reduction of tooth material. However, it has been reported that bleaching procedure adversely affects the adhesive bond strength of composite resin to tooth. At the same time the bond strength was reported to be regained by application of some chemical agents. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of the removal of residual peroxide on the composite- enamel adhesion and also evaluated fracture mode between resin and enamel after bleaching. Sixty extracted human anterior and premolar teeth were divided into 5 groups and bleached by combined technique using office bleaching with 35 % hydrogen peroxide and matrix bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide for 4 weeks. After bleaching, the labial surfaces of each tooth were treated with catalase, 70% ethyl alcohol, distilled water and filled with composite resin. Shear bond strength was tested and the fractured surfaces were also examined with SEM. Analysis revealed significantly higher bond strength values. (p<0.05) for catalase-treated specimens, but water-treated specimens showed reduction of bond strength, alcohol- treated specimens had medium value between the two groups(p<0.05). The fracture mode was shown that the catalase group and the alchohol group had cohesive failure but the water sprayed group had adhesive failure. It was concluded that the per-oxide residues in tooth after bleaching seems to be removed by gradual diffusion and the free radical oxygen from peroxide prevents polymerization by combining catalyst in the resin monomer. Therefore it may be possible to eliminate the adverse effect on the adhesion of composite resin to enamel after bleaching by using water displacement solution or dentin bonding agent including it for effective removal of residual per-oxide Key words : Vital tooth bleaching, Shear bond strength, Composite resin, Fracture mode catalase, Ethylalcohol, Free oxygen radical, Adhesive failure, Cohesive failure

2003년 5월의 연무 관측시 에어로졸의 기상·물리·화학 특성

임주연,전영신,조경미,이상삼,신혜정 한국대기환경학회 2004 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.20 No.5

Severe haze, mist, and fog phenomena occurred in the central part of Korea during 15~25 May 2003 resulted in poor visibility and air quality. When these phenomena occurred, Korean peninsula was under the effects of anticyclone. The atmosphere was stable, and wind speed was so weak. Under this meteorological conditions, air quality was worse and worse. The characteristics of aerosol in Seoul, Incheon, and Gosan (Jeju) during this period are investigated from the PM_(10). TSP concentrations and aerosol number concentrations. Concentrations of PM_(10) and TSP measured at KMA increased upto 176 and 230㎍/㎥ on 22 May 2003, respectively. Aerosol number concentrations of size range from 0.82 to 6.06 ㎛ increased in Seoul on 17, 19, and 21~24 May 2003, and the concentrations of NO₂ and SO₂had maximum value of 0.165 ppm at Gwanak Mt. and 0.036 ppm at Guro-dong on 23 May 2003, respectively. Result from analysis on heavy metal elements showed high concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Cd during 20~24 May 2003. This event is examined by comprehensive analyses of synoptic weather conditions, satellite images, concentrations of suspended particles and air pollutants, and heavy metal elements.

간헐적 교정력 적용 후 백서 치주인대에서 UNC-50 유전자의 발현

박미경,박주철,임성훈,김광원 대한치과교정학회 2006 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.36 No.4

기계적 응력은 정상적인 발달과정 동안 조직의 항상성에 있어 중요한 역할을 한다. 기계적 응력은 치아 이동과 저작과 같은 상황을 포함한다. 치아 이동과 저작 중에 치주인대 섬유모세포는 기계적 자극을 감지하고 주위의 세포밖 물질과 생체분자 대사의 변동에 의해 반응을 보인다. 그러나 아직까지 기계적 응력 하에서 치주인대 세포에서 발현된 유전자에 관한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 최근 기계적 응력이 초파리에 존재하는 UNC-50 유전자에 영향을 줄 수 있다고 보고되었다. 또한 UNC-50은 치은 섬유모세포와 비교해 치주인대 섬유모세포에서만 발현된다고 보고되었다. 본 연구에서는 간헐적 교정력 적용 시에 백서의 치아에서 일어나는 치근 및 치주 조직의 조직학적 변화와, UNC-50의 발현 양상을 면역조직학적 염색으로 조사하여 치주인대에서 기계적 응력과 UNC-50의 관련성을 알아보고자 하였다. Sprague-Dawely계 수컷 백서 12마리를 4마리씩 세 군으로 나누어 상악 우측 구치부에 NiTi closed coil spring을 사용하여 40 g 정도의 견인력이 발생하도록 하여 하루에 1시간씩 간헐적인 교정력을 적용한 후 1, 3, 5일 후 치주인대의 조직학적 변화를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 조직학적 소견에서 상악 제1대구치 근심구개치근의 치근부 1/3에서 압박측은 안장측보다 더 좁은 치주인대공간을 보였고 교정력을 적용시킨 후 3일 후부터 인장측에서 백악모세포 활성으로 인한 백악질 침착이 관찰되었다. UNC-50은 인장측의 분화 중인 백악모세포에서 강한 발현을 보였다. Osteocalcin은 인장측에서 압박측에 비해 신생 백악질에 존재하는 분화 중인 백악모세포를 따라 강한 발현을 보였다. 이상의 연구결과는 UNC-50이 간헐적 교정력 즉 기계적 응력의 변화에 따른 백악모세포의 분화과정에 중요한 역할을 함을 나타낸다. 그러나 이를 명확히 하기 위해서는 교정력 적용 후 UNC-50의 세포내 신호전달과정에 대한 보완연구가 필요할 것이다. Objective: Periodontal ligament fibroblasts have an ectomesenchymal origin and are thought to play a crucial role for not only homeostasis of periodontal tissues but also bone remodeling, wound healing and regeneration of tissues. Recently, it has been reported that UNC-50 is not expressed in gingival fibroblasts but in PDL fibroblasts. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of UNC-50 and osteocalcin in the periodontium after application of intermittent force. Methods: Twelve rats had 40 grams of mesially-directed force applied at the upper molar for 1 hour/day. Four rats were sacrificed at 1, 3 and 5 days. Immunohistochemical localization of UNC-50 and osteocalcin antibody was carried out. The results showed apposition of new cellular cementum and a slight increase in periodontal space at the tension side. Results: Strong UNC-50 expression was observed in the differentiating cementoblasts close to PDL fibroblasts in the tension side whereas it was barely expressed at the compression side. Expression was strong at day 3, and decreased at day 5. Osteocalcin immunoreactivity expression was strong in differentiating cementoblasts at the tension side. Conclusion: It can be suggested that UNC-50 is related to the differentiation of cementoblasts, and may be responsible for the molecular event in PDL cells under mechanical stress.

除草劑 Paraquat가 미생물의 증식에 미치는 영향

金美林,朴燦性,崔慶浩 효성여자대학교 새마을연구소 1990 새마을硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.-

Experiments were carried out to understand the inhibitory effect of chemicals, especially that of a herbicide paraquat(1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipy-lidilium dichloride) against microbial growth. Bacillus megaterium (ATCC 1787) was used as the indicator microorganism in the experiment. Among the eighteens of tested chemicals(insecticides 7, germicide 7 and 4 herbicides), six kinds of germicide and paraquat revealed an aparent repression against growth of the indicator organism at the concentrations pf ten ppm. Paraquat at the concentration above 1 x 10^-3M drastically repressed not only the growth of bacterial cells but yeast cells. Re-growth of the bacterial cell was inhibited in the concomitant presence of 1 x 10^-3M paraquat within eight hours of continuous cultivation, however, it was possible when con-centration of the herbicide was lowered 1 x 10^-4M.

통합 통신망 관리 시스템 구축 방안 연구

이종근,임미경,이광휘,김한경,김태수 國立 昌原大學校 精報通信硏究所 1998 精報通信論文集 Vol.2 No.-

This paper presents a system for internetworking between different network management protocols. The internetworking system between SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol) and CMIP(Common Management Information Protocol) has been designed. SNMP has been used as a standard protocol in Internet while CMIP has been selected as management protocol in OSI network. This approach is different from previous researches which convert protocols between management protocols. We have newly defined manage objects structure. Thus, even if a new management protocol would be introduce in addition, the new gateway system needs not be designed. We can achieve it through minimum modification in the interface of the managed objects. So, we can support managed objects defined previously using MOVI(Manage Object View Interface) concept presented in our previous research. Through this research, we have some additional benefits: it is able to internetwork between more complicated network management protocols, to increase usefulness of SNMP and CMIP, also it will use in internetworking between new network management protocols.

배지의 종류가 식중독세균의 열손상으로 부터 회복에 미치는 영향

박찬성,김경희,김미림 慶山大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.12 No.1

10^6 - 10^7 cells/ml of pathogenic bacteria, vibrio parahaemolyticus 10135, Staphylococcus aureus 196E and Listeria monocytogenes were exposed at 45, 50 and 60℃ for 60 minutes in tryptic soy broth(TSB). Following thermal stress, cells were allowed to recover in three kinds of recovery media for 24 hour. TSB, Flounder homogenate and Oyster homegenate were used for heat injured Vibrio parahamolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus where as TSB, Listeria enrichment broth(LEB) and Oyster homogenate for Listeria monocytogenes as recovery media. Heat injury of Vibrio parahamolyticus was larger Staphylococcus aureus or Listeria monocytogenes at 50℃. Recovery of heat injured cells of Listeria monocytogenes was laster than other strains. TSB was a good media for recovery of heat injured cells but Oyster homogenate was poor.

생체내 심근허혈-재관류 모델에서 멜라토닌의 재관류 부정맥에 대한 심근보호작용에 관한 연구

조규종,김원,홍정석,이미우,장성은,오세현,임경수 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Background: Recently, a few studies demonstrated that melatonin reduced the severity of myocardial reperfusion injuries, such as reperfusion arrhythmias. However, it is uncertain whether the melatonin reduces reperfusion arrhythmias in thus anesthetized animals because results were obtained using isolated hearts. Thus, to see whether melatonin reduces reperfusion arrhythmias in anesthetized animals, we examined the effect of melatonin on the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias in an anesthetized-cat model of regional ischemia. Method: Adult mongrel male cats(n=30, 2.9∼4.2 kg) were anesthetized under positive-pressure artificial ventilation with room air. The animals of the control group(n=15) were subjected to 20-minute left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) occlusion followed by abrupt reperfusion. The animals in experimental group(n=15) were divided into two. Group I(n=6) was pretreated with melatonin, 1 mg/kg, before occluding the LAD. Group II(n=9) was pretreated with melatonin, 10 mg/kg. The animals in experimental group were subjected to ischemia/reperfusion insult following drug treatment: melatonin was applied intra-peritoneally for 3 minutes just before LAD coronary artery ligation. The Fisher's exact test was used to compare the data from different animal groups. p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The incidence of ventricular fibrillation(VF) during the reperfusion phase in group II(pretreated with melatonin, 10 mg) was significantly smaller than that in the control group(p-value = 0.0029). However, no statistically significant difference of VF incidence was found between group I(pretreated with melatonin, 1 mg) and the control group. Conclusion: Employing an anesthetized-cat model of regional cardiac ischemia, we investigated the dose-dependant effects of melatonin on reperfusion-induced arrhythmia. The cats pretreated with 10 mg/kg of melatonin before ischemia had a significantly reduced incidence of lethal reperfusion-induced arrhythmia, but there was no difference between the cats pretreated with 1 mg/kg of melatonin before ischemia and the control group.

제 1형 신경섬유종증 환자에서 발생한 위장관 간질종양 1예

원경준,이준,변유미,조민근,한경택,김원,홍란,임성철,김경종,김영대,박찬국,김만우 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.2

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common non-epithelial neoplasm arising in the gastrointestinal tract, but this tumor is rarely seen in association with type l neurofibromatosis (NFl) Generally, the majority of GISTs are isolated neoplasm and they are sporadically found in the stomach, but the GISTs in NFl patients are usually multiple and usually found in the small intestine. We report a case of multiple GISTs in the jejunum of a 63-year-old woman diagnosed as NFl accompanied by complication of gastrointestinal bleeding, In this case, Patient had multiple cafe-au lait spots and neurofibroma on skin and had freckling on axilla and groin, and then, we made a diagnosis of NFl. Gastrointestinal bleeding is controlled by resection of multiple GISTs. Generally, only 3-5% of all gastrointestinal bleeding comes from the small bowel. Causes of small intestinal bleeding are angiodysplasia, neoplasm, NSAIDs induced ulcer etc. but, If patients have NFl accompanied by complication of gastrointestinal bleeding, GISTs on small bowel must be considered.

17β-Estradiol의 심근 보호작용에 대한 연구 ; 재관류 부정맥을 유발한 동물실험

홍정석,김원,조규종,이미우,장성은,임경수 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Background: Although reperfusion certainly prevents tissue ischemia from possible cardiac death, several lines of evidence suggest that reperfusion may paradoxically aggravate the frequency of serious reperfusion-induced lethal arrhythmias. It has been reported that acute administration of estrogen at physiological concentrations reduced with myocardial ischemic injury in women with coronary heart disease. In studies with canines, acute administration by either the intra-muscular or the intra-coronary route similarly prevented ischemia and reperfusion dysrhythmias and also reduced the infarct size because the estrogen increased the distal coronary perfusion pressure, scavenged free radicals and had other effects during both ischemia and reperfusion. However, the canine heart is notoriously well collateralized. 17β-estradiol induces very little vasorelaxation in cat coronary rings, suggesting that increased ischemic myocardial blood flow dose not contribute to the protective effect. In the present study, employing a cat model of regional cardiac ischemia, we examined whether reperfusion rendered after acute administration of 17β-estradiol could lower the incidence of reperfusion-induced lethal arrhythmia and the death rate. Method: Adult mongrel male cats(n=31, 2.7∼4.5 kg) were anesthetized under positive-pressure artificial ventilation with room air. Electrocardiograms were recorded. The animals of the control group(n=15) were subjected to 20-minute left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) occlusion followed by abrupt reperfusion. The animals in the experimental 17β-estradiol(2 or 20 ㎍/kg) group were subjected to ischemia/reperfusion insult following drug treatment: 17 β -estradiol was applied intravenously within the 60 seconds just before LAD ligation followed by abrupt reperfusion. The Fisher's exact test was used to compare the data from different animal groups(p<0.05). Results: The number of arrhythmias(ventricular premature beat, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation) emerging during the reperfusion phase were not statistically different from that in the control group. The death rate in the 17β-estradiol 20㎍/kg group was lower from that in the control group(P value = 0.039). Conclusion: Acute administration of 17β -estradiol at a supraphysiological concentration might produce cardioprotective effects, not by modificating the coronary blood flow into the threatened myocardial region, but by other mechanisms that directly or indirectly increase the intrinsic myocardial ischemic tolerance in the cat during the reperfusion phase.