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Prevention of Natural Flowering in Pineapple (Ananas comosus) by Shading and Urea Application
Meng-Tzu Lin,Alfred Ming Chen1,Tzong-Shyan Lin,Ching-San Kuan,Ching-Lung Lee,Wen-Ju Yang 한국원예학회 2015 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.56 No.1
The year-round production of pineapple (Ananas comosus var. comosus) is often interrupted by natural flowering during winter in Taiwan. A stable and promising technique for preventing natural flowering is required. In this study, we have tested the effect of shading and urea application on the flowering of pineapple. Shading 90% of sun light(s) before mid-November delayed the natural flowering of pineapple and the delay was affected by the plant age. For pineapples planted less than 11 month before mid-November, applying 1% urea plus shading treatment (SN) completely inhibited natural flowering. All the flowering-inhibited plants could be forced to flower by applying calcium carbide. Long-term shading might result in a decreased number of fruitlets within a fruit. However, 6 weeks of recovery before forcing flowering was sufficient for plants to produce fruits with quality equal to that of the control plants. In winter, pineapple plants that were prone to flowering tended to accumulate more leaf starch and increase their C/N ratio. The SN treatment increased the leaf nitrogen concentration and thus effectively maintained a low leaf C/N ratio. Furthermore, flowering-inhibited plants exhibited a constantly low level of leaf starch during the winter and their flowering forced by calcium carbide did not accompany with leaf starch accumulation.
( Meng Tzu Weng ),( Shu Chen Wei ),( Chun Che Lin ),( Yuk Min Tsang ),( Chia Tung Shun ),( Jann Yuan Wang ),( Ming Jium Shieh ),( Cheng Yi Wang ),( Jau Min Wong ) 대한장연구학회 2015 Intestinal Research Vol.13 No.1
Since Taiwan is an endemic area for tuberculosis (TB), differential diagnosis between the intestinal TB and Crohn`s disease is an important issue. The steering committee of Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (TSIBD) has arranged a seminar accordingly on May 24th, 2014 and the different point of views by gastroenterologist, radiologist, pathologist and infectious dis-ease specialist were suggested to help the proper diagnosis and management of these two diseases. (Intest Res 2015;13:6-10)
( Huei-fen Lo ),( Meng-chun Chi ),( Min-guan Lin ),( Yuan-gin Lan ),( Tzu-fan Wang ),( Long-liu Lin ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.9
In the present study, the stabilizing effect of four different biological osmolytes on Bacillus licheniformis γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (BlGGT) was investigated. BlGGT appeared to be stable under temperatures below 40°C, but the enzyme retained less than 10% of its activity at 60°C. The tested osmolytes exhibited different degrees of effectiveness against temperature inactivation of BlGGT, and sucrose was found to be the most effective among these. The use of circular dichroism spectroscopy for studying the secondary structure of BlGGT revealed that the temperature-induced conformational change of the protein molecule could be prevented by the osmolytes. Consistently, the molecular structure of the enzyme was essentially conserved by the osmolytes at elevated temperatures as monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy. Sucrose was further observed to counteract guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl)- and urea-induced denaturation of BlGGT. Taken together, we observed evidently that some well-known biological osmolytes, especially sucrose, make a dominant contribution to the structural stabilization of BlGTT.
Maria Janina Carrera Espinoza,KUEN-SONG LIN,Meng-Tzu Weng,Sikhumbuzo Charles Kunene,Shin-Yun Liu,You-Sheng Lin 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.115 No.-
The current study presents the synthesis and characterization of magnetic silica nanocomposites(MSNCs) decorated with Pluronic F127. The nanocomposites were loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) forhepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns proved that the nanocompositeswere crystalline with diffraction peaks at 2h = 35.44 corresponding to (311) plane of Fe3O4. Thein vitro test demonstrated cell viability of above 90% revealing that MSNCs-F127 were biocompatible andnontoxic to the HEK293T and HepG2 cell lines; however, the MSNCs-F127-DOX formulations exhibited asignificant therapeutic effect against HepG2 cells. A pH-responsive drug release was detected, showing aHiguchi kinetic model at acidic and physiological conditions which demonstrated the best correlationcoefficient with R2 values of 0.969, and 0.932, respectively. The highest level of cell inhibitory rate, necrosis,and apoptosis in mice treated with MSNCs-F127-DOX was achieved by in vivo experiment, hematoxylinand eosin (H&E), and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)staining. The in vivo experiment revealed a significant tumor inhibition after treatment with MSNCs-F127-DOX. The prepared MSNCs-F127-DOX formulations could be utilized as an innovative drug deliverysystem (DDS) for anticancer therapy for several cancer types.
Ndumiso Vukile Mdlovu,KUEN-SONG LIN,Meng-Tzu Weng,Chi-Cheng Hsieh,You-Sheng Lin,Maria Janina Carrera Espinoza 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.102 No.-
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent type of liver cancer, accounting for about 75% of allliver cancers. It is the third most common basis for cancer mortality worldwide, and unfortunately, itstreatment is often limited by the shortage of appropriate therapeutic options and side effects causedby the current treatment methods. To overcome this, doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded pH-/thermoresponsivemagnetic mesoporous nanocarriers were formulated and evaluated for their in vitro anticanceractivity against HCC. These nanocarriers consist of iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles conjugated withSBA-15 (S15) and Pluronic F127 (PF) to form IOS15 nanocomposites and IOS15@PF nanocarriers. The preparednanocarriers were superparamagnetic with saturation magnetizations of IOS15 and IOS15@PFbeing 76.3 and 72.1 emu/g, respectively. Small-angle neutron/X-ray scattering (SANS/SAXS) studiesshowed that the developed nanocarriers are temperature-sensitive and possess hexagonally arrangedstructures. Cell viability studies demonstrated that IOS15@PF@DOX nanocomplexes induced more apoptosisor necrosis. A temperature (69% release after 48 h)- and pH (70% release after 48 h)-dependent DOXrelease was observed, whereby more DOX was released at a high temperature of 42 C and pH value of5.4. Thus, the developed nanocarriers possess great potential for use in the targeted delivery of conventionalchemotherapeutic drugs with enhanced efficiency.
Sikhumbuzo Charles Kunene,KUEN-SONG LIN,Meng-Tzu Weng,Maria Janina Carrera Espinoza,Chun-Ming Wu 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.104 No.-
In this study, a series of thermo- and pH-dependent doxorubicin (DOX) carriers based on magnetic graphenenanosheets (MGNSs), functionalized by poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and polyethylenemine(PEI) nanogel, targeting liver cancer cells were formulated. The temperature phase transitions of thecarriers can be tuned as a function of pH to the intended value in the range of 38–42 C. In vitro studiesshowed a high cell viability of above 90% at all doses of MGNSs and MGNS-nanogel against HEK293T normaland HepG2 cancerous cells, confirming the biocompatibility and nontoxicity of the carriers. In comparison,the MGNS-nanogel-DOX demonstrated a sufficient therapeutic effect towards HepG2 cell line. The cell viability results showed enhanced efficacy of the drug released by means of applied magneticfield (AMF). Moreover, an efficient cellular intake of the carriers into the HepG2 cells was achieved. Additionally, the achieved low DOX release at a lower temperature and neutral pH can retain the drugin the carriers until reaching the targeted sites. Nevertheless, the high drug release showed that therelease was triggered by high temperature and acidic pH. Hence, the developed thermo- and pHtunableMGNS-nanogel-DOX showed a high potential for microenvironment stimulus-prompted drugdelivery and cancer cell suppression.
Sikhumbuzo Charles Kunene,Kuen-Song Lin,Meng-Tzu Weng,Maria Janina Carrera Espinoza,You-Sheng Lin,Yi-Ting Lin 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.123 No.-
In this study, versatile homotypic-targeting and PEGylated magnetite hollow nanostructures (MHNs) thatare pH-responsive used as doxorubicin (DOX) nanocarriers are demonstrated. Cancer cell membrane(CM) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) functionalization through benzoic imine bonds endows DOXconjugatednanocarriers with enhanced tumor accumulation and penetration, biomimetic-targetingspecificity, as well as on-demand drug release, which improves their antitumor efficacy. The characteristicdiffraction peaks of magnetite nanocarriers at 35 indexed as (311) plane of magnetite can beobserved. Hierarchical mesoporous nanostructures with specific pore size distributions of approximately99.9, 97.2, and 95.6%, were developed. In vitro studies revealed that drug-free nanostructures exhibitedexcellent biocompatibility with more than 95% cell viability. In contrast, drug-conjugated nanostructuresdemonstrated high therapeutic effect, pH-responsive drug release, and enhanced intracellular uptake inHepG2 cells. In vivostudies showed that the MHNC–DOX–PEG/CM formulations displayed the best antitumorefficacy, with the lowest tumor volume and weight. Furthermore, significantly large apoptotic andnecrotic areas were identified in the tumor tissues from the DOX-conjugated groups, but no noticeableinflammation or hemorrhage was observed in the main organs. Therefore, these results suggest thatthe formulated nanostructures have great potential for cancer therapies.