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Hirao Akira,Tsunoda Yuji,Matsuo Akira,Sugiyama Kenji,Watanabe Takumi The Polymer Society of Korea 2006 Macromolecular Research Vol.14 No.3
Dendritic hyperbranched poly(methyl methacrylate)s (PMMA)s, whose branched architectures resemble the 'dendron' part(s) of dendrimer, were synthesized by an iterative methodology consisting of two reactions in each iteration process: (a) a coupling reaction of u-functionalized, living, anionic PMMA having two tert-butyldimethylsilyloxymethylphenyl(SMP) groups with benzyl bromide(BnBr)-chain-end-functionalized PMMA, and (b) a transformation reaction of the introduced SMP groups into BnBr functionalities. These two reactions, (a) and (b), were repeated three times to afford a series of dendron-like, hyperbranched (PMMA)s up to third generation. Three dendron-like, hyperbranched (PMMA)s different in branched architecture were also synthesized by the same iterative methodology using a low molecular weight, functionalized 1,1-diphenylalkyl anion prepared from sec-BuLi and 1,1-bis(3-tert-butyldime-thylsilyloxymethylphenyl)ethylene in the reaction step (b) in each iterative process. Furthermore, structurally similar, dendron-like, hyperbranched block copolymers could be successfully synthesized by the iterative methodology using $\alpha$-functionalized, living, anionic poly(2-(perfluorobutyl) ethyl methacrylate) (PRfMA) in addition to $\alpha$-functionalized, living PMMA. Accordingly, the resulting block copolymers were comprised of both PMMA and PRfMA segments with different sequential orders. After the block copolymers were cast into films and annealed, their surface structures were characterized by angle-dependent XPS and contact angle measurements. All three samples showed significant segregation and enrichment of PRfMA segments at the surfaces.
Masaya Kawaguchi,Hiroki Kato,Hiroyuki Tomita,Akira Hara,Natsuko Suzui,Tatsuhiko Miyazaki,Kanako Matsuyama,Mariko Seishima,Masayuki Matsuo 대한영상의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.21 No.3
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in differentiating between cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (cBCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in the head and neck region. Materials and Methods: Among patients with cutaneous head and neck cancers, 14 with primary cBCCs and 15 with primary cSCCs with a histologic tumor height of ≥ 4 mm underwent MR examinations; the findings were then examined for correlations. Results: cBCCs (71%) occurred more frequently on the nose than cSCCs (13%) (p < 0.01). The maximum diameter (23.5 ± 7.2 mm vs. 12.7 ± 4.5 mm; p < 0.01) and diameter-to-height ratio (2.8 ± 0.9 vs. 1.7 ± 0.4; p < 0.01) were significantly greater in cSCCs than in cBCCs. Superficial ulcer formation (67% vs. 21%; p < 0.05), protrusion into the subcutaneous tissue (60% vs. 21%; p < 0.05), ill-demarcated deep tumor margins (60% vs. 7%; p < 0.01), and peritumoral fat stranding (93% vs. 7%; p < 0.01) were more frequently observed in cSCCs than in cBCCs. Intratumoral T2-hyperintense foci (57% vs. 13%; p < 0.05) were more frequently observed in cBCCs than in cSCCs. Conclusion: cBCCs predominantly occurred on the nose with intratumoral T2-hyperintense foci, whereas cSCCs predominantly exhibited a flattened configuration, superficial ulcer formation, protrusion into the subcutaneous tissue, ill-demarcated deep tumor margin, and peritumoral fat stranding.
Aiza Cortes,Hikari Shimadera,Tomohito Matsuo,Akira Kondo 한국대기환경학회 2016 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.10 No.4
Here we evaluated the effect of using water retentive pavement or WRP made from fly ash as material for main street in a real city block. We coupled computational fluid dynamics and pavement transport (CFD-PT) model to examine energy balance in the building canopies and ground surface. Two cases of 24 h unsteady analysis were simulated: case 1 where asphalt was used as the pavement material of all ground surfaces and case 2 where WRP was used as main street material. We aim to (1) predict diurnal variation in air temperature, wind speed, ground surface temperature and water content; and (2) compare ground surface energy fluxes. Using the coupled CFD-PT model it was proven that WRP as pavement material for main street can cause a decrease in ground surface temperature. The most significant decrease occurred at 1200 JST when solar radiation was most intense, surface temperature decreased by 13.8°C. This surface temperature decrease also led to cooling of air temperature at 1.5 m above street surface. During this time, air temperature in case 2 decreased by 0.28°C. As the radiation weakens from 1600 JST to 2000 JST, evaporative cooling had also been minimal. Shadow effect, higher albedo and lower thermal conductivity of WRP also contributed to surface temperature decrease. The cooling of ground surface eventually led to air temperature decrease. The degree of air temperature decrease was proportional to the surface temperature decrease. In terms of energy balance, WRP caused a maximum increase in latent heat flux by up to 255 W/m2 and a decrease in sensible heat flux by up to 465 W/m2.
Hikomitsu Kikuchi,Nguyen Thi Tinh Y,Yutaka Fujii,Akira Matsuo,Koichi Kindo 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12
Orthorombic Cu5(PO4)3(OH)4 (pseudomalachite) is a layered compound. Each Cu-O layer in thiscompound is separated by PO4 tetrahedra. The spin network in the bc-plane of a pseudomlachite iscomposed of triangles and pentagons, which will induce the spin frustration effect. This network maybe a new type of geometrically frustrated spin lattice. Magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, highfield magnetization measurements are used to study the magnetic properties of Cu5(PO4)3(OH)4 innatural mineral samples. Magnetic ordering is observed at around 4.2 K. The spin entropy changeat the transition temperature is about one-fifth times smaller than that expected for a usual longrangeorder. A 1/5 magnetization plateau is observed in the high-field magnetization curve. Theplateau is explained based on a simple model in which the spin network is assumed to be composedof chain, dimer and monomer units.