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Wataru Saito1,Kosuke Mizuno,Gen Inoue,Takayuki Imura1,Toshiyuki Nakazawa,Masayuki Miyagi,Eiki Shirasawa,Kentaro Uchida,Masashi Takaso 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.5
Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Purpose: To investigate the effect of spinal correction on respiratory muscle strength in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Overview of Literature: Several studies have reported that scoliosis correction in patients with DMD does not improve pulmonary function. In these studies, pulmonary function was evaluated using the traditional spirometric values of percent vital capacity (%VC) and percent forced vital capacity (%FVC). However, traditional spirometry may not be suitable for patients with DMD because the results can be influenced by patient fatigue or level of understanding. Therefore, we evaluated respiratory function focusing on respiratory muscle strength using maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP), in addition to %VC and %FVC. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 16 patients with DMD who underwent spinal correction surgery between 2006 and 2011 at Kitasato University Hospital. All patients were males, and the mean age was 13.5 years. Respiratory muscle strength was evaluated using MIP, MEP, and SNIP. Measurements were obtained preoperatively and at 1 and 6 months postoperatively, and %VC and %FVC were obtained preoperatively and within 6 months postoperatively. Results: The mean preoperative and postoperative %VC values were 54.0% and 51.7%, whereas the mean %FVC values were 53.9% and 53.2%, respectively. The mean MIP, MEP, and SNIP values obtained preoperatively and at 1 and 6 months postoperatively were as follows: MIP, 40.5, 42.7 and 47.2 cm H2O; MEP, 26.0, 28.0, and 29.0 cm H2O; and SNIP, 33.4, 33.0, and 33.0 cm H2O; respectively. The mean MIP and MEP values significantly improved postoperatively. There were no significant differences in SNIP, %VC, or %FVC preand postoperatively. Conclusions: By focusing on respiratory muscle strength, our results suggest that scoliosis correction in patients with DMD might have a favorable effect on respiratory function.
Brown Adipose Tissue as a Therapeutic Target for Obesity: From Mice to Humans
Masayuki Saito 대한비만학회 2015 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.24 No.1
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a site of sympathetically activated non-shivering thermognenesis during cold exposure and after spontaneoushyperphagia, thereby involving in the autonomic regulation of energy balance and body fatness. Recent radionuclide studies have demonstratedthe existence of metabolically active BAT in adult humans. Human BAT is activated by acute cold exposure, particularly in winter, and contributesto cold-induced increase in whole-body energy expenditure. The metabolic activity of BAT is lower in older and obese individuals. Theinverse relationship between the BAT activity and body fatness suggests that BAT, because of its energy dissipating activity, is protective againstbody fat accumulation. In fact, either repeated cold exposure or daily ingestion of some food ingredients acting on transient receptor potentialchannels recruited BAT in association with increased energy expenditure and decreased body fatness. Thus, BAT is a promising target for combatingobesity and related metabolic disorders in humans.
Brown Adipose Tissue as a Regulator of Energy Expenditure and Body Fat in Humans
Masayuki Saito 대한당뇨병학회 2013 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.37 No.1
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is recognized as the major site of sympathetically activated nonshivering thermogenesis during cold exposure and after spontaneous hyperphagia, thereby controling whole-body energy expenditure and body fat. In adult humans,BAT has long been believed to be absent or negligible, but recent studies using fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography,in combination with computed tomography, demonstrated the existence of metabolically active BAT in healthy adult humans. Human BAT is activated by acute cold exposure, being positively correlated to cold-induced increases in energy expenditure. The metabolic activity of BAT differs among individuals, being lower in older and obese individuals. Thus, BAT is recognized as a regulator of whole-body energy expenditure and body fat in humans as in small rodents, and a hopeful target combating obesity and related disorders. In fact, there are some food ingredients such as capsaicin and capsinoids, which have potential to activate and recruit BAT via activity on the specific receptor, transient receptor potential channels, thereby increasing energy expenditure and decreasing body fat modestly and consistently.
Correlation Between Gastric Emptying and Gastric Adaptive Relaxation Influenced by Amino Acids
( Masayuki Uchida ),( Orie Kobayashi ),( Chizuru Saito ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2017 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.23 No.3
Background/Aims Amino acids have many physiological activities. We report the correlation between gastric emptying and gastric adaptive relaxation using tryptophan and amino acids with a straight alkyl chain, hydroxylated chain, and branched chain. Here we sought to further clarify the correlation between gastric emptying and gastric adaptive relaxation by using other amino acids. Methods In Sprague-Dawley rats, gastric emptying was evaluated by a breath test using [1-<sup>13</sup>C] acetic acid. The expired <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> pattern, T<sub>max</sub>, C<sub>max</sub>, and AUC<sub>120min</sub> values were used as evaluation items. Gastric adaptive relaxation was evaluated in a barostat experiment. Individual amino acids (1 g/kg) were administered orally 30 minutes before each breath test or barostat test. Results L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine did not influence gastric emptying. All other amino acids, ie, L-proline, L-histidine, L-cysteine, L-methionine, L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-asparagine, L-arginine, L-glutamine, and L-lysine significantly delayed and inhibited gastric emptying. L-Cysteine and L-aspartic acid significantly enhanced and L-methionine and L-glutamine significantly inhibited gastric adaptive relaxation. L-Phenylalanine moved the balloon toward the antrum, suggesting strong contraction of the fundus. T<sub>max</sub> showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.709), and C<sub>max</sub> and AUC<sub>120min</sub> each showed negative correlations (r = 0.613 and 0.667, respectively) with gastric adaptive relaxation. Conclusion From the above findings, it was found that a close correlation exists between gastric emptying and adaptive relaxation, suggesting that enhanced gastric adaptive relaxation inhibits gastric emptying. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017;23:400-408)
Field Server Monitoring System for Construction of IT Farming and Agri-tourism
Yasunori Saito,Takanobu Suzuki,Kin-ichi Kobayashi,Katsuharu Sato,Masayuki Hirafuji,Tokihiro Fukatsu,Ryozo Ichimura,Ryoichi Yashiro,Setsuo Takeuchi,Kazuhiko Yuasa,Sumio Watanabe,Fumitoshi Kobayashi,Tak 제어로봇시스템학회 2006 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.10
Aoyagi, Yasuyuki,Kuroda, Masayuki,Asada, Sakiyo,Bujo, Hideaki,Tanaka, Shigeaki,Konno, Shunichi,Tanio, Masami,Ishii, Itsuko,Aso, Masayuki,Saito, Yasushi Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bion 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.3
The development of clinically applicable scaffolds is important for the application of cell transplantation in various human diseases. The aims of this study are to evaluate fibrin glue in a novel protein replacement therapy using proliferative adipocytes and to develop a mouse model system to monitor the delivery of the transgene product into the blood and the fate of the transduced cells after transplantation. Proliferative adipocytes from mouse adipose tissue were transduced by a retroviral vector harboring the human lecithin- cholesterol acyltransferase ($lcat$) gene, and were subcutaneously transplanted into mice combined with fibrin glue. The $lcat$ gene transduction efficiency and the subsequent secretion of the product in mouse adipocytes were enhanced using a protamine concentration of $500{\mu}g/ml$. Adipogenesis induction did not significantly affect the $lcat$ gene-transduced cell survival after transplantation. Immunohistochemistry showed the ectopic enzyme production to persist for 28 days in the subcutaneously transplanted genetransduced adipocytes. The increased viability of transplanted cells with fibrin glue was accompanied with the decrease in apoptotic cell death. The immunodetectable serum LCAT levels in mice implanted with the fibrin glue were comparable with those observed in mice implanted with Matrigel, indicating that the transplanted $lcat$ gene-transduced adipocytes survived and functioned in the transplanted spaces with fibrin glue as well as with Matrigel for 28 days. Thus, this $in$ $vivo$ system using fibrin is expected to serve as a good model to further improve the transplanted cell/scaffold conditions for the stable and durable cell-based replacement of defective proteins in patients with LCAT deficiency.
Yasuyuki Aoyagi,Yasushi Saito,Masayuki Kuroda,Sakiyo Asada,Hideaki Bujo,Shigeaki Tanaka,Shunichi Konno,Masami Tanio,Itsuko Ishii,Masayuki Aso 생화학분자생물학회 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.3
The development of clinically applicable scaffolds is important for the application of cell transplantation in various human diseases. The aims of this study are to evaluate fibrin glue in a novel protein replacement therapy using proliferative adipocytes and to develop a mouse model system to monitor the delivery of the transgene product into the blood and the fate of the transduced cells after transplantation. Proliferative adipocytes from mouse adipose tissue were transduced by a retroviral vector harboring the human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (lcat) gene, and were subcutaneously transplanted into mice combined with fibrin glue. The lcat gene transduction efficiency and the subsequent secretion of the product in mouse adipocytes were enhanced using a protamine concentration of 500 μg/ml. Adipogenesis induction did not significantly affect the lcat gene-transduced cell survival after transplantation. Immunohistochemistry showed the ectopic enzyme production to persist for 28 days in the subcutaneously transplanted genetransduced adipocytes. The increased viability of transplanted cells with fibrin glue was accompanied with the decrease in apoptotic cell death. The immunodetectable serum LCAT levels in mice implanted with the fibrin glue were comparable with those observed in mice implanted with Matrigel, indicating that the transplanted lcat gene-transduced adipocytes survived and functioned in the transplanted spaces with fibrin glue as well as with Matrigel for 28 days. Thus,this in vivo system using fibrin is expected to serve as a good model to further improve the transplanted cell/scaffold conditions for the stable and durable cell-based replacement of defective proteins in patients with LCAT deficiency.