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Sublingual Delivery of Vaccines for the Induction of Mucosal Immunity
Shim, Byoung-Shik,Choi, Youngjoo,Cheon, In Su,Song, Man Ki The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2013 Immune Network Vol.13 No.3
The mucosal surfaces are constantly exposed to incoming pathogens which can cause infections that result in severe morbidity and/or mortality. Studies have reported that mucosal immunity is important for providing protection against these pathogens and that mucosal vaccination is effective in preventing local infections. For many years, the sublingual mucosa has been targeted to deliver immunotherapy to treat allergic hypersensitivities. However, the potential of vaccine delivery via sublingual mucosal has received little attention until recently. Recent studies exploring such potential have documented the safety and effectiveness of sublingual immunization, demonstrating the ability of sublingual immunization to induce both systemic and mucosal immune responses against a variety of antigens, including soluble proteins, inter particulate antigens, and live-attenuated viruses. This review will summarize the recent findings that address the promising potential of sublingual immunization in proving protection against various mucosal pathogens.
( Seung-hyuk Shim ),( Dae-yeon Kim ),( Young Hee Hong ),( Sun Joo Lee ),( Soo-nyung Kim ),( Soon-beom Kang ),( Shin-wha Lee ),( Jeong-yeol Park ),( Dae-shik Suh ),( Jong-hyeok Kim ),( Yong-man Kim ),( 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-
목적: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is usually administered to patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Extended-field chemoradiotherapy is required if para-aortic lymph node (PALN) metastasis is detected. This study aimed to construct a prediction model for PALN metastasis in patients with LACC before definitive treatment. 방법: Between 2009 and 2015, all consecutive patients with LACC who underwent para-aortic lymphadenectomy at two tertiary centers were retrospectively analyzed. A multivariate logistic model was constructed, from which a prediction model for PALN metastasis was developed and internally validated. Before analysis, risk grouping was predefined based on the likelihood ratio. 결과: In total, 245 patients satisfied the eligibility criteria. Thirty-four patients (13.9%) had pathologically proven PALN metastases. Additionally, 16/222 (7.2%) patients with negative PALNs on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) had PALN metastasis. Moreover, 11/105 (10.5%) patients with both negative PALNs and positive pelvic lymph nodes on PET/CT had PALN metastasis. Tumor size on magnetic resonance imaging and PALN status on PET/CT were independent predictors of PALN metastasis. The model incorporating these two predictors displayed good discrimination and calibration (bootstrap-corrected concordance index = 0.886; 95% confidence interval = 0.825-0.947). The model categorized 169 (69%), 52 (22%), and 23 (9%) patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups, respectively. The predicted probabilities of PALN metastasis for these groups were 2.9, 20.8, and 76.2%, respectively. 결론: We constructed a robust model predicting PALN metastasis in patients with LACC that may improve clinical trial design and help clinicians determine whether para-aortic lymphadenectomy should be performed.
Validation of the Korean Version of the Delirium Diagnostic Tool-Provisional (K-DDT-Pro)
Kyeong Mee Kim,Man-shik Shim,Dahyun Yi,So Yeon Jeon,Jeong Lan Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2022 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.19 No.9
Objective The Delirium Diagnostic Tool-Provisional (DDT-Pro) was designed to detect the presence and severity of delirium briefly and objectively regardless of psychiatric expertise. We translated the DDT-Pro into Korean and validated it in elderly Korean patients.Methods To validate the translation and evaluate inter-rater reliability, a psychiatric trainee and a research nurse independently assessed the same patients referred to the Department of Psychiatry. The results were compared with the reference evaluations performed by a psychiatrist using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5).Results We enrolled 42 elderly patients. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were 0.839 (the trainee), 0.822 (the nurse). The Cohen’s weighted κ between the trainee and nurse, ranged from 0.555±0.102 to 0.776±0.062. The Pearson correlation coefficients (Korean version of the DDT-Pro [K-DDT-Pro] and Korean version of the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 [DRS-R98-K] total score) were γ=-0.850 (the trainee), and γ=-0.821 (the nurse). The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were 0.974 (the trainee) and 0.893 (the nurse).Conclusion The K-DDT-Pro exhibited high internal consistency and relatively substantial inter-rater reliability. The correlation with the DRS-R98-K was strongly negative. The accuracy of the K-DDT-Pro was excellent, regardless of expertise. In conclusion, the K-DDT-Pro is a brief and simple tool that usefully screens for delirium in elderly patients.
심승혁 ( Seung-hyuk Shim ),( Dae-yeon Kim ),( Sun Joo Lee ),( Soo-nyung Kim ),( Soon-beom Kang ),( Shin-wha Lee ),( Jeong-yeol Park ),( Dae-shik Suh ),( Jong-hyeok Kim ),( Yong-man Kim ),( Young-tak Kim 대한산부인과학회 2018 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.104 No.-
Objective Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is usually administered to patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Extended-field chemoradiotherapy is required if para-aortic lymph node (PALN) metastasis is detected. This study aimed to construct a predictionmodel for PALNmetastasis in patients with LACC before definitive treatment. Methods Between 2009 and 2016, all consecutive patients with LACC who underwent para-aortic lymphadenectomy at two tertiary centers were retrospectively analyzed. A multivariate logistic model was constructed, from which a prediction model for PALN metastasis was developed and internally validated. Before analysis, risk grouping was predefined based on the likelihood ratio. Results In total, 245 patients satisfied the eligibility criteria. Thirty-four patients (13.9%) had pathologically proven PALN metastases. Additionally, 16/222 (7.2%) patientswith negative PALNs on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) had PALNmetastasis. Moreover, 11/105 (10.5%) patients with both negative PALNs and positive pelvic lymph nodes on PET/CT had PALN metastasis. Tumor size on magnetic resonance imaging and PALN status on PET/CT were independent predictors of PALN metastasis. The model incorporating these two predictors displayed good discrimination and calibration (bootstrap-corrected concordance index = 0.886; 95% confidence interval = 0.825-0.947). The model categorized 169 (69%), 52 (22%), and 23 (9%) patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups, respectively. The predicted probabilities of PALN metastasis for these groups were 2.9, 20.8, and 76.2%, respectively. Conclusion We constructed a robust model predicting PALN metastasis in patients with LACC that may improve clinical trial design and help clinicians determine whether nodal-staging surgery should be performed.
Kye, Yoon-Chul,Park, Sung-Moo,Shim, Byoung-Shik,Firdous, Jannatul,Kim, Girak,Kim, Han Wool,Ju, Young-Jun,Kim, Cheol Gyun,Cho, Chong-Su,Kim, Dong Wook,Cho, Jae Ho,Song, Man Ki,Han, Seung Hyun,Yun, Cheo Elsevier 2019 Acta Biomaterialia: structure-property-function re Vol.90 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Developing effective mucosal subunit vaccine for the <I>Streptococcus pneumoniae</I> has been unsuccessful mainly because of their poor immunogenicity with insufficient memory T and B cell responses. We thus address whether such limitation can be overcome by introducing effective adjuvants that can enhance immunity and show here that polysorbitol transporter (PST) serves as a mucosal adjuvant for a subunit vaccine against the <I>Streptococcus pneumoniae</I>. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) with PST adjuvant induced protective immunity against <I>S. pneumoniae</I> challenge, especially long-term T and B cell immune responses. Moreover, we found that the PST preferentially induced T helper (Th) responses toward Th2 or T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and, importantly, that the responses were mediated through antigen-presenting cells via activating a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) pathway. Thus, these data indicate that PST can be used as an effective and safe mucosal vaccine adjuvant against <I>S. pneumoniae</I> infection.</P> <P><B>State of Significance</B></P> <P>In this study, we suggested the nanoparticle forming adjuvant, PST works as an effective adjuvant for the pneumococcal vaccine, PspA. The PspA subunit vaccine together with PST adjuvant efficiently induced protective immunity, even in the long-term memory responses, against <I>Streptococcus pneumoniae</I> lethal challenge. We found that PspA with PST adjuvant induced dendritic cell activation followed by follicular helper T cell responses through PPAR-γ pathway resulting long-term memory antibody-producing cells. Consequently, in this paper, we suggest the mechanism for safe nanoparticle forming subunit vaccine adjuvant against pneumococcal infection.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Jun, Chang,Ji-Eun, Jang,Jee-Boong, Lee,Kyung-Hyo, Kim,Sung Moo, Park,Byoung-Shik, Shim,In Soo, Cheon,Man Ki, Song 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 2012 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.22
Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a significant cause of upper and lower respiratory tract illness mainly in infants and young children worldwide. HRSV is divided into two subgroups, HRSV-A and HRSV-B, based on sequence variation within the G gene. Despite its importance as a respiratory pathogen, there is currently no safe and effective vaccine for HRSV. In this study, we have detected and identified the HRSV by RT-PCR from nasopharyngeal aspirates of Korean pediatric patients. Interestingly, all HRSV-8 isolates exhibited unique deletion of 6 nucleotides and duplication of 60 nucleotides in the G gene. We successfully amplified two isolates ('KR/A/09-8' belonging to HRSV-A and 'KR/B/10-12' to HRSV-B) on largescale, and evaluated the cross-protective efficacy of our recombinant adenovirus-based HRSV vaccine candidate, rAd/3xG, by challenging the immunized mice with these isolates. The single intranasal immunization with rAd/3xG protected the mice completely from KR/A/09-8 infection and partially from KR/B/1D-12 infection. Our study contributes to the understanding of the genetic characteristics and distribution of subgroups in the seasonal HRSV epidemics in Korea and, for the first time, to the evaluation of the cross-protective efficacy of RSV vaccine against HRSV-A and -B field-isolates.