Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis: a Retrospective Analysis of 70 Patients

( Byung Woo Jhun ),( Kyeong Man Jeon ),( Jung Seop Eom ),( Ji Hyun Lee,),( Gee Young Suh ),( Man Pyo Chung ),( O Jung Kwon ),( Won Jung Koh ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2012 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.114 No.-

Backgroud: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is uncommon and there are few data on the clinical characteristics, optimal therapeutic strategies, and outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with newly diagnosed CPA and assessed the clinical, radiologic, and laboratory responses, and outcomes between January 2008 and January 2012. Results: A total of 70 CPA patients were included. Median age was 55 years and 51 patients (72.9% ) were men. Fifty-seven patients (81.4%) had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis and 32 patients (45.7%) had non-tuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) lung disease, 17 of whom had a history of NTM treatment and 15 was under NTM treatment. Sixty-nine patients (98.6%) received oral itraconazole, except one with oral voriconazole for a median duration of 6.2 months. Symptomatic improvement occurred in 52 patients (74.3%), radiologic improvement occurred in 29 (41.4%), and laboratory tests improved more than 60% of all patients. Thirty-six patients (51.4%) achieved treatment success, defined as symptomatic improvement after at least 6 months of therapy regardless of radiological improvement, and 4 of whom needed retreatment after a median of 8.4 months. There was no difference in clinical characteristics and outcomes according to NTM status and 10 (14.3%) discontinued therapy due to adverse reactions. Death occurred in 10 (14.3%) and median follow-up duration was 11.2 months. Conclusion: Antifungal therapy for about 6 months and reassessment of disease might be feasible treatment strategy in managing patients with CPA.

해마 theta리듬과 pyramidal neuron의 세포내 특성과의 상관관계

권오흥,조진화,남순현,김현정,최병주,김영진,이만기 大韓小兒齒科學會 1998 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.25 No.4

Eledctrophysiological phenomena of pyramidal cells in the CAI area of the dorsal hippocampus were recorded from and filled with neurobiotin in anesthetized rats. The electropharmacological properties of membrane as well as the cellular-synaptic generation of rhythmic slow activity (theta)were examined. The intracellular response characteristics of these pyramidal cells were distinctly different from responses of inteneurons. Pyramidal cells had a high resting membrane potential, a low input resistance, and a large amplitude action potential. A afterhyperpolarization was followed a single action potential. Most of pyramidal cells did not display a spontaneous firing. Pyramidal cells displayed weak inward rectification and anodal break excitation. The slope of the frequency-current relation was 53.4 Hz/nA for the first interspike interval and 15.9 Hz/nA for the last intervals, suggesting the presence of spike frequency adaptation. Neurobiotin-filled neurons showed pyramidal morphology. Cells were generally bipolar dendritc processes ramifying in stratum lacunosum-moleculare, radiatum, and oriens. Commissural stimulation discharged pyramidal cells, followed by excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs and IPSPs). The frequency of theat-related membrane potential oscillation was voltage-independent in pyramidal neurons. At strong depolarization levels (less than 30 mV) pyramidal cells emitted sodium spike oscillation, phase-locked to theta. The observations provide direct evidence that theta-related rhythmic hyperpolarization of principal cells is brought by the rhythmically discharging interneurons. Furthermore, the findings in which interneurons were also paced by rhythmic inhibitory postsynaptic potentials during theta suggest that they were periodically hyperpolarized by their GABAergic septal afferents.

사과고추장의 배합비에 따른 관능적 특성과 물성 모니터링

이기동(Gee-Dong Lee),이진만(Jin-Man Lee),정은재(Eun-Jae Jeong),정용진(Yong-Jin Jeong) 한국식품영양과학회 2000 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.29 No.6

젊은 세대들이 좋아하는 우수한 품질의 사과고추장을 개발하고자 부원료로서 사과를 사용하여 사과고추장의 배합비에 따른 관능적 특성을 반응표면분석법으로 최적화하고 물리적 특성을 모니터링하였다. 실험조건은 고춧가루는 130~210 g, 메주가루는 50~80 g, 사과퓨레는 125~205 g의 범위로 설정되었으며, 실험계획에 따라 제조된 사과고추장은 물리적 및 관능적 특성을 조사하기 위해 사용되었다. 사과 고추장의 색상에 대한 관능평점은 고춧가루 140.61 g, 메줏가루 83.42 g 및 사과퓨레 169.05g에서 가장 높았으며, 향에 대한 관능평점은 고춧가루192.32 g, 메줏가루 56.14 g 및 사과퓨레 146.72 g에서 가장 높은 7.95를 나타내었다. 맛에 대한 관능평점은 고춧가루 함량 182 g, 메줏가루 함량 78 g 및 사과과즙 함량 199g에서 가장 높은 7.46을 나타내었으며, 전반적인 기호도에서는 고춧가루 함량 200 g, 메줏가루 함량 57 g 및 사과과즙 함량 159 g에서 가장 높은 관능평점을 나타내었다. 사과고추장의 물리적 특성으로서 견고성은 고춧가루와 메줏가루의 함량이 높을수록 증가하였다. 고추장의 부착성과 거침성은 고춧가루 함량이 증가하고 사과과즙의 함량이 낮을수록 증가하였다. Recipe conditions on organoleptic properties of apple kochujang added apple puree were optimized and monitored by four-dimensional response surface methodology. Experiment conditions was decided in ranges of red pepper powder 130~210 g, meju 50~80 g, apple puree 125~205 g. The manufactured apple kochujang with experiment design was measured on physical and organoleptic properties. The organoleptic color of apple kochujang showed maximum score in 140.61 g of red pepper powder, 83.42 g of meju and 169.05 g of apple puree. The maximum score on organoleptic aroma of apple kochujang was 7.95 in 192.32 g of red pepper powder, 56.14 g of meju and 146.72 g of apple puree. The maximum score on organoleptic taste of apple kochujang was 7.46 in 182.00 g of red pepper powder, 78.00 g of meju and 199.00 g of apple puree. The organoleptic palatability of apple kochujang showed maximum score in 200.00 g of red pepper powder, 57.00 g of meju and 159.00 g of apple puree. In textural properties of apple kochujang, hardness increased with the increase of red pepper and meju powder. Adhesiveness and roughness increased with the increase of red pepper and the decrease of apple puree.

딸기식초 제조를 위한 초산발효 조건 최적화

이기동(Gee-Dong Lee),김숙경(Suk-Kyung Kim),이진만(Jin-Man Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2003 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.32 No.6

딸기식초 제조를 위해 1차 단계로 Saccharomyce kluyeri DJ97을 이용하여 딸기과즙을 14°Brix로 보당한 후 28℃에서 50시간동안 발효시켜 딸기 알콜발효액을 얻은 후 사용하였다. 2차 단계에서, 초산발효를 시킨 결과 산도는 초기산도가 1.48%, 교반속도가 195.76 rpm, 발효시간이 7.34 day일 때 가장 높은 4.60%를 나타내었다. 색차계 a값은 초기산도가 1.78%, 교반속도가 117.63 rpm, 발효시간이 7.35 day일 때 가장 높은 11.82를 나타내었다. 딸기식초 제조를 위해서는 Acetobacter sp. PA97를 이용하여 초기산도 1.5% 및 교반속도 196 rpm에서 176시간 발효함으로서 산도 4% 이상의 식초를 얻었다. In the first stage, strawberry wine was manufactured in 14oBrix initial sugar content, for 50 hr at 28℃ using Saccharomyces kluyeri DJ97. In the second stage, the acetic acid fermentation conditions for maximun acidity (4.60%) were 1.48% initial acidity and 195.76 rpm in agitation rate for 7.34 day. The fermentation conditions for maximun Hunter color a value were 1.78% initial acidity and 117.63 rpm in agitation rate for 7.35 day. Therefore, optimum acetic acid fermentation conditions were 1.5% initial acidity and 196 rpm in agitation rate for 176 hr using Acetobacter sp. PA97.

두층차의 관능적 품질에 대한 최적 추출조건의 예측

김만배(Man-Bae Kim),이기동(Gee-Dong Lee),정용진(Yong-Jin Jeong),이명희(Myung-Hee Lee),이성태(Sung-Tae Lee),권중호(Joong-Ho Kwon) 한국식품영양과학회 1998 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.27 No.5

볶음 두충엽차 추출물의 관능적 품질을 최적화하고자 반응표면분석에 의한 볶음 두충엽의 최적 추출조건을 예측하였다. 수용성 고형분 함량은 능선분석에 의해 추출온도 99.3℃, 추출시간 67.8분에서 그 함량이 27.7%로 예측되었다. 관능적 특성에 대한 추출온도와 추출시간의 최적 조건은 색상 73.9℃와 59.6분, 향기 80.0℃와 90.0분, 후미 77.8℃와 55.5분 그리고 전반적인 기호도 77.9℃와 53.1분에서 최대의 관능평점을 나타내었다. 그리고 떫은맛은 77.8℃와 52.7분, 그리고 한약맛은 75.1℃와 49.4분에서 최소값을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 두충엽차의 수용성 고형분 함량과 관능적 품질 특성 중 전반적인 기호도의 반응표변을 superimposing하여 최적 추출조건 범위를 예측한 결과 추출온도는 75~83℃, 추출시간은 55~65분이었다. 최적조건에서 예측된 수용성 고형분 함량과 전빈저인 기호도는 최적조건으로 실제 추출을 행한 결과와 유사하였다. This work was designed to determine the optimum extraction conditions for improving the quality of Eucommia ulmoides leaf-tea. Soluble solid content was 27.7% in the tea extracted at 99.3℃(extraction temperature) and 67.8 min(extraction time) which were maximum points by the ridge analysis. The extraction conditions for the maximum organoleptic scores were 72.9℃ and 59.6 min in color, 80.0℃ and 90.0 min in aroma, 77.8℃ and 55.5 min in aftertaste, and 77.9℃ and 53.1 min in overall palatability. The extraction conditions for the minimum organoleptic scores were 77.8℃ and 52.7 min in astringent taste, and 75.1℃ and 49.4 min in Chinese medicine taste. The optimum ranges of the conditions based on soluble solid content and overall palatability of the tea were 75~83℃ and 55~65 min. The soluble solid content and overall palatability predicted at optimum condition(78℃ and 60 min) were similar to experimental values.

반응표면분석에 의한 감자의 알콜 및 초산발효조건 모니터링

이기동(Gee-Dong Lee),정용진(Yong-Jin Jeong),서지형(Ji-Hyung Seo),이진만(Jin-Man Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2000 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.29 No.6

상품성이 떨어지는 감자의 효율적 활용을 위하여 감자식초 제조공정을 반응표면분석에 의해 최적화하였다. 품질이 일정하고 단기간에 대량생산이 가능한 발효조건을 확립하기 위하여 반응표면분석으로 식초 제조조건 설정을 위해 알콜발효와 초산발효 2단계로 구분하여 모니터링하였다. 그 결과 1단계 알콜발효에서 알콜함량이 최대치를 나타내는 조건은 감자에 대한 백분율로 첨가한 가수량 241.35%(v/w), 교반속도 8.05 rpm 및 발효시간34.81 hr으로 나타났다. 알콜발효에서 알콜함량에 대한 최적조건으로 알콜발효 후 2단계로 초산발효를 행하여 초산발효조건을 예측하였다. 그 결과 총산이 최대치를 나타내는 조건은 교반속도 169.89 rpm 및 발효시간 285.12 hr로 나타났다. 최적조건에서 예측된 알콜발효 및 초산발효의 결과는 최적조건으로 실제 발효를 행한 결과와 유사하였다. This study was conducted to utilize low grade potatoes effectively, response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize and monitor the potato alcohol and vinegar fermentation conditions by two stage fermentation. In the first stage, the alcohol fermentation conditions for maximum alcohol content was 241.35% (v/w, water per potatoes) in added water content, 8.05 rpm in agitation rate, and 34.81 hr in fermentation time. The potato wine fermented by the optimum alcohol fermentation conditions was applied in the second stage, acetic acid fermentation. The acetic acid fermentation conditions for maximum acidity was 169.89 rpm in agitation rate and 285.12 hr in fermentation time. Alcohol content and acidity predicted at the optimum conditions were similar to experimental values.

딸기의 알콜 발효 특성 모니터링

이진만(Jin-Man Lee),김숙경(Suk-Kyung Kim),이기동(Gee-Dong Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2003 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.32 No.5

저장성이 낮은 딸기의 효율적인 이용 및 고부가가치 가공제품 개발을 위해 딸기식초 발효의 1단계인 딸기과즙의 알콜 발효조건을 모니터링하였다. 딸기를 이용한 알콜발효에서 알콜함량이 가장 높게 나타나는 조건은 초기당도가 16.32°Brix, 발효시간이 53.03 hr 및 발효온도가 28.83℃일 때 가장 높은 9.22%를 나타내었으며, 산도가 가장 낮게 나타난 조건은 초기당도가 13.18°Brix, 발효시간이 50.99 hr 및 발효온도가 24.69℃일 때 가장 낮은 0.49%를 나타내었으며, 잔당함량이 가장 낮게 나타난 조건은 초기당도가 15.00°Brix, 발효시간이 52.00 hr 및 발효온도가 26.00℃일 때 가장 높은 3.97°Brix를 나타내었다. 알콜 발효조건에 따른 품질검사 결과 딸기식초 발효용 딸기 wine 제조를 위한 최적 알콜 발효조건은 초기당도가 14°Brix, 발효온도가 28℃ 및 발효시간이 50 hr일 때였다. Strawberries were fermented for their effective value added product . In alcohol fermentation of strawberries, alcohol content was maximum value (9.22%) under the condition of 16.32°Brix of initial sugar concentration, 53.03 hr of fermentation time and 28.83℃ of fermentation temperature. Acetic acid content revealed minimum value (0.49%) under the condition of 13.18°Brix of initial sugar concentration, 50.99 hr of fermentation time and 24.96℃ of fermentation temperature. Residual sugar content revealed minimum value (3.97°Brix) under the condition of 15.00°Brix, 52.00 hr and 26.00℃. The optimum conditions for each alcohol fermentation were 14°Brix, 50 hr and 28℃.

Processing condition optimization of white sauce as an adding sauce in canned oyster

Jung Suck Lee,Su Gwang Lee,Yeong-Man Lee,Tae-Gee Lee,Sang In Kang,Jang Woo Cha,Min Soo Heu,Jin-Soo Kim 한국수산해양기술학회(구 한국어업기술학회) 2017 한국수산해양기술학회 학술발표대회 Vol.2017 No.11

해수 중 CO₂ 기체의 유입에 의한 환경 친화적인 전착 코팅막의 형성과 그 내식특성

이성준(Sung-Joon Lee),김혜민(Hye-Min Kim),이슬기(Seul-Gee Lee),문경만(Kyung-Man Moon),이명훈(Myeong-Hoon Lee) 한국표면공학회 2014 한국표면공학회지 Vol.47 No.1

The peculiar feature of cathodic protection in seawater has the capability to form mineral calcareous deposits such as magnesium and calcium on metal surfaces. It is assumed that OH? ions are generated close to the metal surface as a result of cathodic protection and generated OH? ions increases the pH of the metal/seawater interface outlined as the following formulae. (1) O₂+ 2H₂O + 4e→4OH?, or (2) 2H₂O + 2e→H₂+ 2OH?. And high pH causes precipitation of Mg(OH)₂ and CaCO₃ in accordance with the following formulae. (1)Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>+ 2OH?→Mg(OH)₂, (2) Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>+ CO₃<SUP>2?</SUP>→CaCO₃. The focus of this study was to increase the amount of CO₃<SUP>2?</SUP> with the injection of CO2 gas to the solution for accelerating process of the following formulae. (1) H₂O+CO₂→H₂CO₃, (2) HCO<SUP>3?</SUP>→ H++ CO₃<SUP>2?</SUP>. Electrodeposit films were formed by an electro-deposition technique on steel substrates in solutions of both natural seawater and natural seawater dissolved CO₂ gas with different current densities, over different time periods. The contents of films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating films were evaluated by anodic polarization. From an experimental result, only CaCO₃ were found in solution where injected CO₂ gas regardless of current density. In case of injecting the CO₂ gas, weight gain of electrodeposits films hugely increased and it had appropriate physical properties.

Image Restoration in Digital Radiography Using Dual Sensor Wiener Filer

Lee, Tae-Soo,Park, Kwang-Suk,Min, Byoumg-Goo,Lim, Jeong-Gee,Han, Man-Chung The Korea Society of Medical and Biological Engine 1989 의공학회지 Vol.10 No.3

A Dual Sensor Wiener Filter technique was used to improve the image quality of the scanning type digital radiographic system (resolution and SNR). In this method, two images were acquried simultaneously using two sensors with high and low resolution and SNR values. Using the cross Power spectrum between dual sensor outputs of the same chest radiographic image. we design a new type of Wiener Filter and implement it with fast algorithm. We compared the performance of this new dual sensor filter with conventional single sensor filters (Wiener Filter and Parametric Projec- tion Filter) . In simulation studies, it is shown that this new method has SNR improvement of 1-3 dB better than conventional filters.