Influences of Bridge Group on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resins

Liu Yuan,Zhao Jun,Liu Ai-Qin,Liu Xiao-Qing,Luo Jun 한국고분자학회 2020 폴리머 Vol.44 No.4

In order to obtain thermosetting epoxy resin, it is the prerequisite condition that the epoxy precursor must contain at least two epoxy groups. Thus, bridge group is needed to link the epoxy groups, and naturally, the chemical structure of the bridge group may also influence the thermomechanical performances of the cured epoxy resin. However, literature about the effects of bridge group on properties of cured epoxy is seldom published. To fill the gap, three model epoxy monomers containing different bridge groups have been synthesized from 4,4"-dihydroxydiphenyl, 1,1-bis(4- hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane and bisphenol A in this work. After chemical structure confirmation, all of the monomers are cured by methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (HMMPA), and the properties of the obtained cured network are evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA), tensile test and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that bulky bridge group can effectively increase the glass transition temperature, enhance the tensile strength, and enlarge elongation at break of the cured epoxy resin.

Research on data augmentation algorithm for time series based on deep learning

Shiyu Liu,Hongyan Qiao,Lianhong Yuan,Yuan Yuan,Jun Liu 한국인터넷정보학회 2023 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.17 No.6

Data monitoring is an important foundation of modern science. In most cases, the monitoring data is time-series data, which has high application value. The deep learning algorithm has a strong nonlinear fitting capability, which enables the recognition of time series by capturing anomalous information in time series. At present, the research of time series recognition based on deep learning is especially important for data monitoring. Deep learning algorithms require a large amount of data for training. However, abnormal sample is a small sample in time series, which means the number of abnormal time series can seriously affect the accuracy of recognition algorithm because of class imbalance. In order to increase the number of abnormal sample, a data augmentation method called GANBATS (GAN-based Bi-LSTM and Attention for Time Series) is proposed. In GANBATS, Bi-LSTM is introduced to extract the timing features and then transfer features to the generator network of GANBATS.GANBATS also modifies the discriminator network by adding an attention mechanism to achieve global attention for time series. At the end of discriminator, GANBATS is adding averagepooling layer, which merges temporal features to boost the operational efficiency. In this paper, four time series datasets and five data augmentation algorithms are used for comparison experiments. The generated data are measured by PRD(Percent Root Mean Square Difference) and DTW(Dynamic Time Warping). The experimental results show that GANBATS reduces up to 26.22 in PRD metric and 9.45 in DTW metric. In addition, this paper uses different algorithms to reconstruct the datasets and compare them by classification accuracy. The classification accuracy is improved by 6.44%-12.96% on four time series datasets.

EphB1 and Ephrin-B, New Potential Biomarkers for Squamous Cell/adenosquamous Carcinomas and Adenocarcinomas of the Gallbladder

Yuan, Yuan,Yang, Zhu-Lin,Miao, Xiong-Ying,Liu, Zi-Ru,Li, Dai-Qiang,Zou, Qiong,Li, Jing-He,Liang, Lu-Feng,Zeng, Gui-Xiang,Chen, Sen-Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.3

Squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinoma (SC/ASC) of the gallbladder are rare tumors and there are few clinical reports in the literature. Herein we report our clinical experience with 46 patients with SC/ASC and 80 with adenocarcinoma (AC). Expression of EphB1 and Ephrin-B in each tumor was determined using immunohistochemical methods for determination of correlations with prognosis. There was no difference in EphB1 and Ephrin-B expression between SC/ASC and AC tumors (P>0.05), but greater expression in those less than 3 cm in diameter, stage I or II (TNM stage), with no lymph node metastases, with no local invasion and treated with radical resection was apparent. Expression of EphB1 (P<0.05) and Ephrin-B (P<0.01) was higher in well differentiated than in poorly differentiated AC tumors. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that degree of differentiation, tumor diameter, lymph node metastases, local invasion, surgical approach and expression rate of EphB1 and Ephrin-B were closely related to the survival of SC/ASC (P<0.05) and AC patients (P<0.01). Patients with tumors that positive expressed EphB1 and Ephrin-B, whether it is SC/ASC ($P_{SC/ASC}$ =0.000) or AC ($P_{AC}$ =0.000 or $P_{AC}$ =0.002) had longer survival than those negative expression. Cox multivariate analysis indicated a negative correlation between expression of EphB1 or Ephrin-B and overall survival. Hence, EphB1 and Ephrin-B could be regarded as independent good prognostic factorsand important biological markers for SC/ASC and AC of gallbladder.

Effect of Kai Xin San on Learning and Memory in a Rat Model of Paradoxical Sleep Deprivation

Yuan Hu,Ming Liu,Ping Liu,Juan-Juan Yan,Ming-Yue Liu,Gang-Qiang Zhang,Xiao-Jiang Zhou,Bing-Ying Yu 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.4

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of kai xin san (KXS, at doses of 500, 250, and 125 mg/kg body weight per day), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, on learning and memory in paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD)-induced cognition deficit rats. Two behavior tests (the Open Field test and the Morris water maze task) were used for testing the effects of KXS on a PSD-induced learning and memory deficit model. Furthermore, its effect on the glutamic acid (GLU) and γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA) levels in the brain tissue, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB), and phosphorylated-CREB (p-CREB) expression in the hippocampus was also tested. KXS exerted the greatest cognition against the 48 h PSD-induced cognitive deficit and these effects may be mediated by decreasing the GLU and GABA levels and increasing the levels of BDNF, CREB, and p-CREB. This study indicates that the effect of KXS on learning and memory in a rat model of PSD could be associated with the modulation of neurotransmitter levels and the expression of some genes in the brain that contribute to memory functions.

The TOP-SCOPE Survey of <i>Planck</i> Galactic Cold Clumps: Survey Overview and Results of an Exemplar Source, PGCC G26.53+0.17

Liu, Tie,Kim, Kee-Tae,Juvela, Mika,Wang, Ke,Tatematsu, Ken’ichi,Francesco, James Di,Liu, Sheng-Yuan,Wu, Yuefang,Thompson, Mark,Fuller, Gary,Eden, David,Li, Di,Ristorcelli, I.,Kang, Sung-ju,Lin, Yuxin Published by the University of Chicago Press for t 2018 The Astrophysical journal Supplement series Vol.234 No.2

<P>The low dust temperatures (< 14 K) of Planck Galactic cold clumps (PGCCs) make them ideal targets to probe the initial conditions and very early phase of star formation. 'TOP-SCOPE' is a joint survey program targeting similar to 2000 PGCCs in J = 1-0 transitions of CO isotopologues and similar to 1000 PGCCs in 850 mu m continuum emission. The objective of the 'TOP-SCOPE' survey and the joint surveys (SMT 10 m, KVN 21 m, and NRO 45 m) is to statistically study the initial conditions occurring during star formation and the evolution of molecular clouds, across a wide range of environments. The observations, data analysis, and example science cases for these surveys are introduced with an exemplar source, PGCC G26.53+0.17 (G26), which is a filamentary infrared dark cloud (IRDC). The total mass, length, and mean line mass (M/L) of the G26 filament are similar to 6200 M-circle dot, similar to 12 pc, and similar to 500 M-circle dot pc(-1), respectively. Ten massive clumps, including eight starless ones, are found along the filament. The most massive clump as a whole may still be in global collapse, while its denser part seems to be undergoing expansion owing to outflow feedback. The fragmentation in the G26 filament from cloud scale to clump scale is in agreement with gravitational fragmentation of an isothermal, nonmagnetized, and turbulent supported cylinder. A bimodal behavior in dust emissivity spectral index (beta) distribution is found in G26, suggesting grain growth along the filament. The G26 filament may be formed owing to large-scale compression flows evidenced by the temperature and velocity gradients across its natal cloud.</P>

Semaphoring mAb: a New Guide in RIT in Inhibiting the Proliferation of Human Skin Carcinoma

Liu, Yuan,Ma, Jing-Yue,Luo, Su-Ju,Sun, Chen-Wei,Shao, Li-Li,Liu, Quan-Zhong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.3

Semaphoring is a transmembrane receptor which participates in many cytokine-mediated signal pathways that are closely related to the angiogenesis, occurrence and development of carcinoma. The present study was designed to access the effect of mono-antibody (mAb) guided radioimmunotherapy (RIT) on skin carcinoma and investigate the potential mechanisms. Semaphoring mAb was acquired from mice (Balb/c), purified with rProtein A column; purity, concentration and activity were tested with SDS-PAGE and indirect ELISA; specificity and expression on the cutanuem carcinoma line and tissue were tested by Western blotting; morphology change was assessed by microscopy. MTT assay and colony inhibition tests were carried out to test the influence on the proliferation of tumor cells; Western blotting was also carried out for expression of apoptosis-associated (caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2) and proliferation-related (PI3K, p-Akt, Akt, p-ERK1/2, ERK1/2) proteins and analyse the change in signal pathways (PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK). The purity of purified semaphorin mAb was 96.5% and the titer is about $1{\times}10^6$. Western blotting showed semaphoring mAb to have specifically binding stripes with semaphoring b1b2 protein, B16F10, and A431 cells at 39KDa, 100KDa and 130KDa, respectively. Positive expression was detected both in cutanuem carcinoma line and tissue and it mostly located in cell membranes. MMT assay revealed dose-relate and time-relate inhibitory effect of semaphorin mAb on A431 and B16F10. Colony inhibition tests also showed dose-relate inhibitory effects. Western blotting demonstrated the expression of apoptosis and proliferation-related protein and changes in signal pathway. In conclusion, we demonstrated that semaphorin is highly expressed on the tumor cell-surfaces and RIT with semaphorin mAb has effect in i nhibiting proliferation and accelerating apoptosis of tumor cells.

The miR-145-5p/CD36 pathway mediates PCB2-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells

Yuan Yuan,Caihua Xue,Qiang Wu,Mengjie Wang,Jiahua Liu,Longfei Zhang,Qianwen Xing,Jingyan Liang,Hua Wu,Zhi Chen 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.2

Background Procyanidin B2 (PCB2) can increase the levels of anti-infammatory and immune mediators. Objectives However, its molecular mechanism in human breast cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor efect of PCB2 on MCF-7 cells and to examine the underlying mechanism. Methods The fow cytometry and EdU incorporation assays were measured the PCB2-induced BMECs. The expression levels of infammatory factors and immune response genes were upregulated in MCF-7 cells, high-throughput sequencing was used to detect diferentially expressed genes in blank and PCB2-treated MCF-7 cells. Results The results showed that PCB2 induced the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. CD36 profles were afected in MCF-7 cells. Additionally, prediction software identifed a miR-145-5p binding site in the CD36 sequence. Luciferase reporter assays and Western blot analysis were used to verify the regulatory relationships between the diferentially expressed miRNA miR145-5p and CD36. MiR-145-5p and its key target (CD36) constitute a potential miRNA-mRNA regulatory pair. Functional studies in MCF-7 cells revealed that CD36 promotes but miR-145-5p inhibits apoptosis. Conclusion Overall, these data suggest that miR-145-5p inhibits the enhancing efect of PCB2 on CD36 expression by binding CD36 and subsequently regulating apoptosis, the immune response and anti-infammatory pathways. These results provide theoretical and experimental support for the treatment of breast cancer.

A Collaborative and Predictive Localization Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

( Yuan Liu ),( Junjie Chen ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.7

Accurate locating for the mobile target remains a challenge in various applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Unfortunately, most of the typical localization algorithms perform well only in the WSN with densely distributed sensor nodes. The non-localizable problem is prone to happening when a target moves into the WSN with sparsely distributed sensor nodes. To solve this problem, we propose a collaborative and predictive localization algorithm (CPLA). The Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is introduced to predict the posterior trajectory for a mobile target by training its prior trajectory. In addition, the collaborative and predictive schemes are designed to solve the non-localizable problems in the two-anchor nodes locating, one-anchor node locating and non-anchor node locating situations. Simulation results prove that the CPLA exhibits higher localization accuracy than other tested predictive localization algorithms either in the WSN with sparsely distributed sensor nodes or in the WSN with densely distributed sensor nodes.

Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha-induced Protein 8 in Pancreas Tissues and its Correlation with Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor Levels

Liu, Ke,Qin, Cheng-Kun,Wang, Zhi-Yi,Liu, Su-Xia,Cui, Xian-Ping,Zhang, Dong-Yuan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.3

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8 or TIPE) is a recently identified protein considered to be associated with carcinogenesis. To investigate its expression pattern in pancreatic cancer patients and to analyse its correlation with clinicopathological significance and the expression levels of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the TNFAIP8 and EGFR proteins in pancreatic cancers, pancreatitis tissues, and healthy controls. The results showed stronger staining of TNFAIP8 protein in pancreatic cancer tissues compared with normal pancreas tissue. Furthermore, in 56 patients with pancreatic cancer, the expression levels of TNFAIP8 in patients with low tumor stage was higher than that with high tumor stage, and correlated with tumor staging and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Furthermore, TNFAIP8 expression positively correlated with EGFR levels (r=0.671135, P<0.05). These results indicate that TNFAIP8 may play important roles in the progression of pancreatic cancer.

A Holistic Perspective on the Dynamics of G035.39-00.33: The Interplay between Gas and Magnetic Fields

Liu, Tie,Li, Pak Shing,Juvela, Mika,Kim, Kee-Tae,Evans II, Neal J.,Francesco, James Di,Liu, Sheng-Yuan,Yuan, Jinghua,Tatematsu, Ken’ichi,Zhang, Qizhou,Ward-Thompson, Derek,Fuller, Gary,Goldsmith, Paul American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical journal Vol.859 No.2

<P>Magnetic field plays a crucial role in shaping molecular clouds and regulating star formation, yet the complete information on the magnetic field is not well constrained owing to the limitations in observations. We study the magnetic field in the massive infrared dark cloud G035.39-00.33 from dust continuum polarization observations at 850 mu m with SCUBA-2/POL-2 at JCMT for the first time. The magnetic field tends to be perpendicular to the densest part of the main filament (F-M), whereas it has a less defined relative orientation in the rest of the structure, where it tends to be parallel to some diffuse regions. A mean plane-of-the-sky magnetic field strength of similar to 50 mu G for F-M is obtained using the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method. Based on (CO)-C-13 (1-0) line observations, we suggest a formation scenario of F-M due to large-scale (similar to 10 pc) cloud-cloud collision. Using additional NH3 line data, we estimate that F-M will be gravitationally unstable if it is only supported by thermal pressure and turbulence. The northern part of F-M, however, can be stabilized by a modest additional support from the local magnetic field. The middle and southern parts of F-M are likely unstable even if the magnetic field support is taken into account. We claim that the clumps in F-M may be supported by turbulence and magnetic fields against gravitational collapse. Finally, we identified for the first time a massive (similar to 200 M-circle dot, collapsing starless clump candidate, 'c8,' in G035.39-00.33. The magnetic field surrounding 'c8' is likely pinched, hinting at an accretion flow along the filament.</P>