[연구논문] Catholic Approaches to Procreation and Infertility

Lee,Paul 가톨릭생명윤리연구소 2022 인격주의 생명윤리 Vol.12 No.1

Infertility is a worldwide problem today. The more conventional approach of medicine would be to diagnose the causes and correct them, so that the fertility potential of the couple would permit them to conceive naturally. However, since the advance of Assisted Reproductive Technologies, it has become a lucrative industry that seek to help anyone to procure a child. Lately, natural procreative processes such as NaPro Technology have arisen that can restore couples’ fertility potential through proper diagnosis and treatment. The Catholic Church prefers these latter approaches not only because they are truer to the nature of medical practice, but because they are more consistent with a healthy vision of human sexuality, procreation, and marriage.

HBC media를 이용한 살수여상 공정에서 온도와 내부순환비의 영향 평가

이형집,독고석,양기해,정팔진 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.6

Trickling filters have been used in the biological treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater for many years. They are nonsubmerged fixed-film biological reactors using rock or plastic packing media over which wastewater is distributed continuously. Recently new packing medium with high specific surface area and low specific gravity has been developed instead of gravel. In this study the trickling filter system using polyethylene HBC media was applied for treating wastewater from a restaurant. The water quality of treated water according to the variations of recycling ratio, DO, OCD, and temperature were monitored in the period of 90 days. Based on the results from this study, it can be concluded that the higher treatment efficiency is obtained from the condition of low recycling ratio (around N = 1∼10), Hardly has the recycling ratio an influence on the efficiency at low surface loading, while it is vice versa at high surface loading. Trickling filter system has no merit when the temperature goes down under 5℃ compared with the conventional activated sludge system.

이온화가스와 응집공정을 조합한 축산폐수의 처리시 용존 유기물의 특성에 관한 연구

이은주,정팔진,김민정,현미희 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.6

This study was performed to investigate the variations of hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic matter fractions in soluble organic matter according to livestock wastewater treatment by ionized gas and coagulation effect to these fractions after ionized gas contact. As a result of experiment, because of ionized gas contact, particle in the surface of livestock wastewater was more smaller and the result was consisted of particle size analysis and the amount of small size was increased. Also, we confirmed that organic matters in livestock wastewater by ionized gas contact were removed. The relation equation between ionized gas contact time(X) and TCOD_(cr)(Y) was shown as yscale(y)=3.748-0.431^*xscale(X). That between ionized gas contact time(X) and SCOD_(cr)(Y) was yscale(y)=3.283-0.463^* xscale(X). As respects the HPL(hydrophilic matter)and HPO(hydrophobic matter) fractions of raw in livestock wastewater treatment plant, HPL fraction was 53.2% and HPO fraction was 46.8%. But, HPO fraction according to ionized gas treatment was increased at 30min and after that time, HPL fraction was increased. Also, when we performed coagulation process after ionized gas treatment of raw wastewater, the removal efficiency of organic matter was the highest at 30min of ionized gas treatment because of the variation of HPL and HPO fractions in organic matter by ionized gas. In coagulation process following after ionized gas process, HPO was removed more effective than HPL.

대청호 저질의 용출특성과 수질에 미치는 영향

정팔진,이성우,곽동희 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1997 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.12 No.1

Lake eutrophication that bring about by excessive amounts of phosphorus and nitrogen becomes the main problem in Daechung Lake. To control the eutrophication like water bloom, it is important to quantify the nutrients loading and estimate the mass balance in the lake. In this paper, it was carried out to evaluate the nutrients discharging and characteristics of release in Daechung lake and investigate the effect of sediments on water quality. Also, it is suggested that the method of water quality management is required to improve it. The results of study are summarized as following ; 1. It is estimated that about 54% of input TP is accumulated in Daechung lake 2. It is surveyed that the mean range of TP release rate is 4.2∼10.1㎎/㎡·d at sampling sites of the lake 3. In order to improve the water quality of Daechung lake, it is needed the wastewater treatment plant and the sediment dredging of the lake preferentially.

Burkholderia cepacia를 이용한 축산폐수의 처리

정팔진,조선영,현미희,김민정,이은주,전민식 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.6

We found that the Bacterium Burkholderia cepacia in livestock wastewater treatment plant was predominant species. We investigated the growth rate of this and treatment characteristics for organic matter and nitrogen removal in livestock wastewater using this microorganism. First, we cultured B. cepacia. And then, to conducted treatment for livestock wastewater by using B. cepacia., we changed C/N from 0.2~4.4. When we operated A and B process, changing F/M ratio from 1.2 to 4.4. In experiment of C/N variations, when C/N was 1.8, we found that the optimal condition for organic matter and nutrient removal effect was higher and the removal efficiency of SCOD_(cr), SBOD_5, NH₄-N was 78.4%, 95% and 74.8%. So, It is possible to treat the wastewater having the lower C/N contents such as livestock wastewater using this microorganism. In experiment of A and B process for livestock wastewater, we found that the removal efficiency of organic matter and nitrogen in operating mode of A process was higher than that of B process. Also, the optimal F/M operating A process was 0.013 and the removal efficiency of SBOD_5, SCOD_(cr), TN and TP were 97%, 60%, 95% and 91%.

Review of alternative gate stack technology research during the last decade

Byoung Hun Lee1,Paul Kirsch,Husam Alshareef,Prashant Majhi,Rino Choi,Seungchul Song,Hsing Huang Tseng,Raj Jammy 한국세라믹학회 2006 세라미스트 Vol.9 No.4

Scaling of the gate stack has been one of the major contributors to the performance enhancement of CMOSFET devices in past technology generations The scalability of gate stack has diminished in recent years and alternative gate stack technology such as metal electrode and high-k dielectrics has been intensively studied during almost matches that of conventional SiO2-based gate dielectrics. However, many technical challenges remain to be resolved before alternative gate stacks can be introduced into mainstream technology. This paper reviews the reasearch in alternative gate stack technologies to provide insights for future reasearch.

원수중의 천연유기물이 부상분리공정에 미치는 영향

곽동희,정팔진,이성우 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1997 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.12 No.1

Many water bodies used for water supply may contain solid particles with a lower density. These solids are hardly removed in the sedimentation unit due to the own tendency of floating. In order to treat this type of water, the flotation process in known to be an effective method. A series of laboratory experiments has been performed to investigate the effect of natural organic matter(NOM) in raw water on flotation process. Foam formation potential(FFP) could be increase by NOM in raw water, alum is stimulate the trend of FFP to increase. Results of DAF treatment studies show that flotation efficiency can be increase by AOM, such as ethyl ester, sodium propionate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. Meanwhile, flotation efficiency can be decrease by AOM, such as glycerol, starch, pentane, peptone, isoamyl alcohol, humic acid etc. Also, the flotation efficiency by AOM corresponds well the tendency of FFP.

DAF 공정에서 무기 고형입자의 유체역학적 충돌효율과 부상특성

곽동희,김성진,이화경,정흥조,이재욱,정팔진 대한상하수도학회 2002 상하수도학회지 Vol.16 No.6

Separation characteristics of inorganic particles occurred during heavy rainwater were investigated in DAF (dissolved air flotation) process. In order to remove the inorganic particles effectively, the collision and flotation efficiencies were examined from a hydrodynamic point of view. Generally, the collision efficiency increased with floc size under the variation of fluid dynamic conditions including inertial force. However, more precise model should be required to analysis the collision efficiency expressed both the physical properties for inorganic particles and hydrodynamic conditions for a reactor.

Eliciting unnatural immune responses by activating cryptic epitopes in viral antigens

Lee, Young Jae,Yu, Ji Eun,Kim, Paul,Lee, Jeong-Yoon,Cheong, Yu Cheol,Lee, Yoon Jae,Chang, Jun,Seong, Baik Lin Federation of American Societies for Experimental 2018 The FASEB Journal Vol.32 No.9

<P>Antigenic variation in viral surface antigens is a strategy for escaping the host’s adaptive immunity, whereas regions with pivotal functions for infection are less subject to antigenic variability. We hypothesized that genetically invariable and immunologically dormant regions of a viral surface antigen could be exposed to the host immune system and activated by rendering them susceptible to antigen-processing machinery in professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Considering the frequent antigen drift and shift in influenza viruses, we identified and used structural modeling to evaluate the conserved regions on the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) surface as potential epitopes. Mutant viruses containing the cleavage motifs of cathepsin S within HA were generated. Immunization of mice showed that the mutant, but not the wild-type virus, elicited specific antibodies against the cryptic epitope. Those antibodies were purified, and specific binding to HA was confirmed. These results suggest that an unnatural immune response can be elicited through the processing of target antigens in APCs, followed by presentation <I>via</I> the major histocompatibility complex, if not subjected to regulatory pathways. By harnessing the antigen-processing machinery, our study shows a proof-of-principle for designer vaccines with increased efficacy and safety by either activating cryptic, or inactivating naturally occurring, epitopes of viral antigens.—Lee, Y. J., Yu, J. E., Kim, P., Lee, J.-Y., Cheong, Y. C., Lee, Y. J., Chang, J., Seong, B. L. Eliciting unnatural immune responses by activating cryptic epitopes in viral antigens.</P>

The Performances of Proto - Type Ni/MH Secondary Batteries Using Zr-Based Hydrogen Storage Alloys and Filamentary Type Ni

Lee, Sang Min,Kim, Jin Ho,Lee, Ho,LEE, Jai Young,Lee, Paul S . 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2001 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.7 No.2

For the purpose of developing a Zr-based Laves phase alloy with higher capacity and better performance for electrochemical application, extensive work has been carried out. After careful alloy design of ZrMn2based hydrogen storage alloys through varying their stoichiometry by means of substituting or adding alloying elements, the Zr_(0.9)Ti_(0.1)(Mn_(0.7)V_(0.5)Ni_(1.4))_(0.92) with high capacity (392 mAh/g at the 0.25C) and improved performance (comparable to that of commercialized AB_5 type alloy) was developed. Another endeavor was made to improve the poor activation property and the low rate capability of the developed Zr-based Laves phase alloy for commercialization. The combination method of hot-immersion and slow-charging was introduced. It was found that electrode activation was greatly improved after hot immersion at 80℃ for 12 h followed by charging at 0.05C. The effects of this method are discussed in comparison with other activation methods. The combination method was successfully applied to the formation process of 80 Ah Ni/MH cells. A series of systematic investigations has been rendered to analyze the inner cell pressure characteristics of a sealed type Ni-MH battery. It was found that the increase of inner cell pressure in the sealed type Ni/MH battery of the above-mentioned Zr-Ti-Mn-V-Ni alloy was mainly due to the accumulation of oxygen gas during chargeldischarge cycling. The fact identified that the surface catalytic activity was affected more dominantly by the oxygen recombination reaction than the reaction surface area was also identified. In order to improve the surface catalytic activity of a Zr-Ti-Mn-V-Ni alloy, which is closely related to the inner pressure behavior in a sealed cell, the electrode was fabricated by mixing the alloy with Cu powder and a filamentary type of Ni and replacing 75% of the carbon black with them; thus, the inner cell pressure rarely increases with cycles due to the active gas recombination reaction. Measurements of the surface area of the electrode and the surface catalytic activity showed that the surface catalytic activity for the oxygen recombination reaction was greatly improved by the addition of Cu powder and the filamentary type of Ni. Finally, we have collaborated with Hyundai Motors Company on fabrication of the 80Ah cells for Electric Vehicles and evaluated the cell performance.