回轉慣性 및 剪斷變形이 兩端힌지 抛物線아치의 自由振動에 미치는 影響

李炳求 圓光大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.19 No.2

The governing differential equations and the boundary conditions for the free vibration of uniform parabolic arches were derived including the effects of the rotatory inertia and the shear deformation. A trial eigenvalue method was used for the determining the natural frequencies and the mode shapes. The RungeKutta fourth order integration technique was used in this method to perform the integration of the differential equations. The methods were programmed in FORTRAN IV, and all numerical solutions were obtained on the Prime 750 computer system. The detailed studies were made of the lowest three natural frequencies for the two - hinged arches. The effects of the rotatory inertia and the shear deformation were analyzed and the numerical data are presented in detail in tables. It is shown that the rotatory inertia and the shear deformation are very important factros for determining the natural frequenies in both symmetric and antisymmetric mode. And as the numerical results, the frequency versus the dimensionless shear coefficient curves are presented in figures.

兩端固定 圓弧 아-치의 平面內 固有振動에 關한 硏究

이병구,황학주,이원복 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1975 논문집 Vol.6 No.1

Numerical data have been presented for the natural frequencies and modes of vibration of fixed, uniform, circular arches vibrating in their own plane, and the effects of the rotatory inertia and shear deformation affecting the response have been analyzed. The governning differential equations were solved numerically by a combination of a Holzer-type iterative procedure and an initial value integration procedure. The Runge-Kutta fifth order integration technique was used. The method was programmed for a Cyber 73-18 computer system, and all results were obtained on this computer system. A detailed study has been made of the lowest five vibration frequencies and mode shapes for a fixed arch with an angle of opening equal to 90 degrees. The effect of slenderness ratio and the influence of the rotatory inertia and shear deformation on frequencies are presented in detail in curves.

양단힌지 비대칭 포물선아치의 자유진동에 관한 연구

이병구,남궁문,김종만 圓光大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.20 No.2

양단힌지 비대칭 포물선아치의 자유진동을 지배하는 미분방정식가 경계조건을 D'Alembert원리와 평형방정식을 이용하여 유도하였다. 유도된 미분방정식에는 회전관성의 영향을 고려하였다. 위의 미분방벙식을 수치적분하기 위하여 Runge-Kutta Method가 이용되었으며, 고유 진동수 매개변수의 값F를 찾기 위하여 시행착오적 고유치문제가 이용되었다. 상세연구로는 양단힌지 포물선아치의 최저차의 3개의 고유진동수를 해석하였다. 회전관성이 고유진동수에 미치는 영향은 무시할 정도로 작았다. 또한 수치해석의 결과로 고유진동수-아치 지간길이의 관계를 그림에 나타내었다. The governing differential equations and the boundary conditions for the free vibration of hinged ended unsymmetric parabolic arch are derived on the basis of the equilibrium equations and the D'Alembert principle. The effect of rotary inertia as well as extentional and flexural deformations is considered in governing differential equations. A trial eigen value method is used for determining the natural frequencies. The Runge-Kutta method is used in this method to perform the integration of the differential equations. The detailed studies are made of the lowest three vibration frequencies for the hinged ended unsymmetric parabolic arches. The effect of the rotary inertia is analyzed and it's numerical data are presented in table. And as the numerical result the frequency versus the span length of arch is presented in figure.

抛物線아-치의 自由振動에 關한 數値解析的 硏究

李炳求 圓光大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.17 No.2

The governing differential equations for the vibration of uniform parabolic arches have been derived on the basis of equilibrium equations of an arch's small element and the D'Alembert principle. A trial eigen value method is used for determining the natural frequencies and mode shates. The Runge-Kutta fifth order integration technique is used in this method to perform the integration of the differential equations. A detailed study has been made of the lowest natural frequency for the symmetrical vibration of hinged arches with ℓ=10m. The effect of the arch's rise, the radius of gyration and the rotatory inertia on frequencies are presented in detail in curves and table. The findings of this detailed study are summarized as follows: 1) The numerical solutions converge to three figure accuracy with 80 divisions in the half arch. 2) There is a maxium F value at an unique h in the relation between F and h. This maxium F value can be found performing the numerical integration with various h. 3) The F values are increased, according as the r values increase. 4) The effect of rotatory inertia on free vibration is in the range of 1.8%

복합재를 이용한 구조물의 균열보수 대책에 관한 연구

李晟熙,韓秀贊,韓秉基,具秉俊 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Recently, composite materials have widely become available to engineers. This paper briefly explains the applications of these materials and shows how these materials can be used to repair structures with damages such as crack, notch, etc. Before the fatigue test, notched and repaired specimens with thin laminate composite are prepared. Also, test apparatus is designed to perform four point fatigue test of specimens. From the experimental result, it was found that present repair technique could be used to enhance the life of damaged structures.

等分布 荷重을 받는 變斷面 보의 靜的 解析

李炳求,金憲相,牟正萬 圓光大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.26 No.2

이 論文은 等分布荷重이 작용하고 있는 變斷面 보의 靜的 解析에 관한 연구이다. 보의 변단면은 均一幅 變化높이의 矩形斷面으로 採擇하고 微少 처짐理論에 의한 휨-曲率 관계식을 이용하여 변단면 보의 정적 擧動을 지배하는 微分方程式을 유도하고, 이를 부정적분하였다. 미분방정식에 포함되어 있는 모멘트반력, 垂直反力 및 적분상수는 보의 端部條件에 의하여 결정하였다. 실제의 변단면 보의 해석에서는 힌지-힌지보, 힌지-固定보, 固定-固定보, 고정-힌지보, 固定-自由보의 단부조건을 택하였다. 수치 예의 결과로 斷面比와 모멘트반력, 수직반력, 최대 처짐 및 최대 綠端應力과의 관계를 그림에 나타내었다. 또한 휨 모멘트도 및 彈性曲線의 예를 그림에 나타내었다. An analytical method was developed to solve the tapered beams subjected to uniform loads. The rectangular cross-section with constant width and variable depth, so-called depth taper, was chosen. The differential equation of deflected beams based on the small deflection theory was derived and solved by indefinite integration. The unknown parameters and integral constants were calculated by the boundary conditions. The hinged-hinged, hinged-clmped, clamped-clamped clamped-hinged and clamped-free beams were considered in the numerical examples. As the results of this study, the reaction moments of left ends, the vertical reactions of left ends, the maximum deflection and the maximum stresses versus section ratios were presented in figures. Also both typical bending moment diagrams and deflection curves were presented in figures. It is expected that the results of this study including both all equations and figures can be used in design of the tapered beams.

폐암에서 CYFRA 21-1과 다른 종양표지자의 진단적 의의

이상구,이호현,전병철,김성자,이영현,김문연,하경임 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

폐암의 확실한 조직학적 진단이 어려울 경우 종양표지자의 검사가 보조적인 진단 수단이 되고, 조기 진단이나 경과 관찰에 이용되고 있다. 이에 저자는 CYFRA 21-1이 폐암의 종양표지자로서 효용성이 있는지 판정하고, CYFRA 21-1과 다른 폐암 종양표지자인 SCC Ag, CEA, NSE의 폐암의 조직학적 유형에 따른 민감도와 특이도를 비교하였다. 그리고 병기 진행에 따른 CYFRA 21-1치의 증가 여부를 관찰하고, 4가지 종양표지자를 동시에 측정하였을 때의 진단적 효용성을 비교하고자 하였다. 이 연구는 1994년 12월부터 1995년 11월까지 동국대학병원에 입원한 폐암 환자 40명과 양성 폐질환 환자 40명을 대상으로 하였다. 편평상피세포암 21명, 선암 10명, 소세포암 7명, 대세포암 2명이었다. 혈청 CYFRA 21-1의 cytokeratin 19 분절에 대한 쥐의 두 가지 단일 클론항체(KS 19-1과 BM 19-21)를 이용하는 RIA방법으로 측정하였다. CEA는 MEIA 방법으로, SCC 항원과 NSE는 RIA로 측정 하였다. 1. CYFRA 21-1의 혈중 농도는 폐암군 22.08±43.00ng/mL, 양성 폐질환군 1.14±1.04ng/mL로 폐암군에서 양성 폐질환군보다 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 폐암환자군에서 55%의 양성율을 보였고, SCC 항원 30%, CEA 44.7%, NSE 54.5%의 양성율을 나타내 CYFRA 21-1이 가장 높은 양성율을 보였다. 2.CYFRA 21-1은 비소세포암군 23.79±44.49ng/mL, 소세포암군 13.90±33.57ng/mL로 양군에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 폐암환자군에서 민감도와 특이도는 CYFRA 21-1 55.0%와 96.7%, SCC항원 30.0%와 96.4%, CEA 42.5%와 92.8%, NSE 36.4%, 76.9%로 CYFRA 21-1에서 가장 높은 민감도와 특이도를 보였다. 폐암의 조직학적 유형에 따른 민감도는 편평상피세포암에서 CYFRA 21-1이 61.9%로 CYFRA 21-1의 민감도가 가장 높았고, 선암에서는 CEA가 88.8%로, 소세포암에서는 NSE가 85.7%로 가장 민감도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 3. 비소세포암군에서 CYFRA 21-1치는 병기가 진행됨에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 4. 폐암환자에서 단일 종양표지자를 측정하는 것 보다 동시에 여러 종양표지자를 측정하는 것이 특이도는 떨어지나 민감도는 80.0%로 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며 정확도에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 양성 표지나 수에 따른 비교분석시 폐암의 상대 예측도는 두 표지자 양성인 경우가 76.5%, 3가지 표지자와 4가지 모든 표지자에서 양성으로 나온 경우는 100%로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과 CYFRA 21-1은 새로운 폐암의 종양표지자로 기존의 종양표지자 보다 민감도가 높고 비소세포암 특히, 편평상피세포암에 유용한 표지자로 사료되며, 폐암이 의심되는 환자에서 단일 종양 표지자를 측정하는 것 보다 수종의 종양표지자를 동시에 측정하는 것이 진단에 더욱 도움이 되리라 생각된다. Background: Cytokeratin 19 is a subunit of cytokeratin intermediate filament expressed in simple epithelia and their malignant counterparts. A fragment of cytokeratin subunit 19 can be measured in serum with a immunoradiometric assay using two mouse MoAb KS 19-1 and BM 19-21. Thus this cytokeratin 19 fragment is referred to as CYFRA 21-1. The aims of this study are to evaluate the clinical utility of CYFRA 21-1 in the diagnosis of lung cancer and to compare the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of CYFRA 21-1 with those of CEA, SCC Ag, NSE according to histological type of lung cancer. Methods: In 40 patients with lung cancer(21 with squamous cell carcinoma, 10 with adenocarcinoma, 7 with small cell carcinoma, 2 with large cell carcinoma) and 40 patients with non-malignant lung disease, serum CYFRA 21-1 was measured by solid-phase immunoradiometric assay(CIS Bio International, France). Serum NSE and SCC Ag were measured by immunoradiometric assay, and CEA was measured by microparticle enzyme immunoassay. Results: 1) The mean value of CYFRA 21-1 was 22.08±43.00ng/mL in the lung cancer and 1.11±1.04ng/mL in me non-malignant lung disease group(P<O.O5). 2) Using the cut-off value of 3.3ng/mL, the sensitivity and specificity of CYFRA 21-1 were 55.0%, 96.7% in the lung cancer. The sensitivity of CYFRA 21.1 was 61.9% in squamous cell carcinoma 3) The level of CYFRA 21-1 was increasing tendency with the progression of stage in non-small cell carcinoma but statistically not significant. 4) Simultaneous determination of four tumor markers revealed increased sensitivity to 50.0% in lung cancer. As the number of positive markers was increased, the relative possibility of lung cancer was also increased. If two markers were positive, it increased to 76.5% and three markers were positive, it increased to 100%.5 Conclusions: CYFRA 21-1 is a useful serum marker for patients with lung cancer, especially in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The simultaneous measurement of CYFRA 21-1, CEA. SCC Ag and NSE would provide additional information for the diagnosis of lung cancer, especially in patients with high risk group of lung cancer.

Ⅰ형 단면을 갖는 변단면 기둥의 정적ㆍ동적해석

이병구,오상진,김헌상 圓光大學校大學院 1993 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The main purpose of this study is to present both the bucking loads and the natural frequencies of tapered columns with I cross-section. The ordinary differential equations governing the bucking loads and the free vibrations of this column are derived as nondimensional forms. The Runge-Kutta method and Determinant Search method are used to perform the integration of the differential equations and to determine the eigenvalues(P?? and C??), respectively. Hinged-hinged, hinged-clamped, clamped and free-clamped end constraints are applied in numerical examples. The bucking loads and natural frequencies are reported as the function of section ratio. The effects of αvariable(width/web thickness) and end constraints are also investigated.

분포사하중이 작용하는 대칭 변단면 보의 자유진동

이용,이병구 圓光大學校大學院 1996 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

The main purpose of this study is to obtain the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the symmetrically tapered beams with distributed dead loads. The differential equation governing the free vibration of such beams is derived and solved numerically. The double integration method using the traperzoidal rule is used to solve the static behaviour of beams loaded arbitrary distributed dead load. Also, the Runge-Kutta method and the determiant search method are used to integrate the differential equation subjected to the boundary conditions and to determine the natural frequencies of the beams, respectively. In the numerical examples, the various geometries of the beams are considered : (1) symmetrically tapered beams as the arbitrary variable cross-section, (2) the triangular, sinusoidal and uniform loads as the arbitrary distributed dead loads and (3) the hinged-hinged, clamped-clamped and hinged-clamped ends as the end constraints. All numerical results are shown as the non-dimensional forms of the system parameters. The lowest three natural frequencies versus load parameter slendemess ratio and section ratio are reported in figures. And for the comparison purpose, the typical mode shapes with and without the effect of distributed dead load are presented in the figure.

작은소진드기(Haemaphysalis longicornis)의 형태학적 연구 : 표면 미세구조 및 침샘조직 The Fine Surface Structures and Salivary Gland

高秉文,李元求,李武三 全北大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann, 1901 were collected from native cattle and milk cattle, at the Cholla-buk-do province, Korea from June to September 1989. The fine surface structures of each growing stages in H. longicornis were observed by scanning electron microscope(JSM-T330A). Venter, capitulum, hypostome, anus, spiracular plate, ventral integument, festoon, scutum, dorsal integument, claw, legs and Haller's organ were observed. Mean body length is 2,710.2㎛ in unfed males, 3,003.3㎛ in unfed females, l,396.6㎛ in unfed nymphs and 662.6㎛ in unfed larvae. Hypostome dentition is usually 5/5 in adult, 3/3 in nymph and 2/2 in larva. Light microscope was used to investigate the histological structures of the salivary gland in unfed female ticks, H. longicornis. As in other species of female ixodid ticks, the salivary glands are consisted of three alveoli, one agranular(type Ⅰ) and two granular(type Ⅱ, Ⅲ).