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- 저자 : Lau, Stephen S.Y. (검색결과 412 건)
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Assessing Heat-Treatment Effects on Bovine Cortical Bones by Nanoindentation
Lau, Mei Ling,Lau, Kin Tak,Ku, Harry,Bhattacharyya, Debes,Lee, Joong Hee Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2011 Advanced materials research Vol.410 No.-
<P>Among different sterilization methods, heat-treatment of bone is recognized as one of the simple and practical methods to lower the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and overcome the risks of rejection and disease transfer from allograft and xenograft during bone transplantation. In order to best characterize the micro-structural mechanical property of bone after heat treatment, the nanoindentation technique was applied in this study to measure the localized elastic modulus and hardness for interstitial lamellae and osteons lamellae of bovine cortical bones at temperature 23°C (room temperature-pristine specimen), 37°C, 90°C, 120°C and 160°C, respectively. The elastic modulus (E) and hardness (H) of interstitial lamellae obtained higher values as compared with osteons lamellae which show that interstitial lamellae are more stiff and mineralized than osteons. Moreover, as a specimen pre-heat treated at 90°C, the E and H values of interstitial lamellae and osteons were closed to a pristine specimen. For a specimen pre-heat treated at 120°C, both interstitial lamellae and osteons obtained an increase in E and H values. As a specimen pre-heat treated at 160°C, the interstitial lamellae and osteons obtained a slight decrease in E and H values. These findings are correlated to results reported by other researchers [1, 2] that calcified collagen molecules starts to degenerate at about 120°C and complete at 160°C. Interestingly, when a specimen was pre-heat treated at 37°C, both interstitial lamellae and osteons obtained significant decreases in E values of 57% and 40%, respectively as compared to the pristine specimen; while in H values, there was a decrease of 27.4% and 15%, respectively. Thus, this paper will investigate the mechanical properties of bovine cortical bones under various temperature ranges by nanoindentation technique.</P>
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An overview of functionalised carbon nanomaterial for organic pollutant removal
Lau Yien Jun,N.M. Mubarak,Min Juey Yee,Lau Sie Yon,Chua Han Bing,Mohammad Khalid,E.C. Abdullah 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.67 No.-
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), particularly carbon nanotube and graphene-based materials, are rapidly emerging as one of the most effective adsorbents for wastewater treatment. CNMs hold great potential as new generation adsorbents due to their high surface to volume ratio, as well as extraordinary chemical, mechanical and thermal stabilities. However, implementation of pristine CNMs in real world applications are still hindered due to their poor solubility in most solvents. Hence, surface modification of CNMs is essential for wastewater treatment application in order to improve its solubility, chemical stability, fouling resistance and efficiency. Numerous studies have reported the applications of functionalized CNMs as very promising adsorbents for treating organic and inorganic wastewater pollutants. In this paper, the removal of organic dye and phenol contaminants from wastewater using various type of functionalized CNMs are highlighted and summarized. Challenges and future opportunities for application of these CNMs as adsorbents in sustainable wastewater treatment are also addressed in this paper.
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Lau, T.F.S.,Ohba, N.,Arikawa, K.,Meyer-Rochow, V.B. Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2007 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.10 No.1
The eyes of male and female Rhagophthalmus ohbai are of very different sizes and possess approximately 3000 and 35 facets, respectively. In the male eye one can distinguish a smaller dorsal region with 500 facets and a larger ventral one with ca. 1800. Ultrastructural differences between them have been described earlier in this journal (Lau and Meyer-Rochow, 2006). Electrophysiological recordings from the two eye areas have now revealed that the ventral region is maximally sensitive to light of 600 nm wavelength, while the dorsal eye region responds maximally to light of 540-560 nm wavelengths. In the dorsal eye region sensitivity to UV-radiation at around 360 nm wavelength, being twice as high as that of the ventral eye region, amounted to ca. one quarter of peak wavelength sensitivity. The regional differences in spectral sensitivity seem to be a reflection of the different tasks of the two eye regions: looking downward to see the yellow light emitted by a female, sensitivity towards longer wavelengths would be advantageous, but looking upward into the twilight sky, sensitivity to shorter wavelength would be a more appropriate adaptation.
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Yue Hui Lau,Keng Ming Lau,Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim 대한파킨슨병및이상운동질환학회 2021 Journal Of Movement Disorders Vol.14 No.3
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a serious global health crisis. Increasing evidence suggests that elderly individuals with underlying chronic diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), are particularly vulnerable to this infection. Changes in the routine care of PD patients should be implemented carefully without affecting the quality provided. The utilization of telemedicine for clinical consultation, assessment and rehabilitation has also been widely recommended. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide recommendations in the management of PD during the pandemic as well as in the early phase of vaccination programs to highlight the potential sequelae and future perspectives of vaccination and further research in PD. Even though a year has passed since COVID- 19 emerged, most of us are still facing great challenges in providing a continuum of care to patients with chronic neurological disorders. However, we should regard this health crisis as an opportunity to change our routine approach in managing PD patients and learn more about the impact of SARS-CoV-2. Hopefully, PD patients can be vaccinated promptly, and more detailed research related to PD in COVID-19 can still be carried out.
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T.F.S. Lau,N. Ohba,K. Arikawa,V.B. Meyer-Rochow 한국응용곤충학회 2007 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.10 No.1
The eyes of male and female Rhagophthalmus ohbai are of very different sizes and possess approximately 3000 and 35 facets, respectively. In the male eye one can distinguish a smaller dorsal region with 500 facets and a larger ventral one with ca. 1800. Ultrastructural differences between them have been described earlier in this journal (Lau and Meyer- Rochow, 2006). Electrophysiological recordings from the two eye areas have now revealed that the ventral region is maximally sensitive to light of 600 nm wavelength, while the dorsal eye region responds maximally to light of 540-560 nm wavelengths. In the dorsal eye region sensitivity to UV-radiation at around 360 nm wavelength, being twice as high as that of the ventral eye region, amounted to ca. one quarter of peak wavelength sensitivity. The regional differences in spectral sensitivity seem to be a reflection of the different tasks of the two eye regions: looking downward to see the yellow light emitted by a female, sensitivity towards longer wavelengths would be advantageous, but looking upward into the twilight sky, sensitivity to shorter wavelength would be a more appropriate adaptation.
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William Ka-Ming Lau,김규명 한국기상학회 2017 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.53 No.2
In this paper, we have compared and contrasted competing influences of greenhouse gases (GHG) warming and aerosol forcing on Asian summer monsoon circulation and rainfall based on CMIP5 historical simulations. Under GHG-only forcing, the land warms much faster than the ocean, magnifying the pre-industrial climatological land-ocean thermal contrast and hemispheric asymmetry, i.e., warmer northern than southern hemisphere. A steady increasing warm-ocean-warmer-land (WOWL) trend has been in effect since the 1950’s substantially increasing moisture transport from adjacent oceans, and enhancing rainfall over the Asian monsoon regions. However, under GHG warming, increased atmospheric stability due to strong reduction in mid-tropospheric and near surface relative humidity coupled to an expanding subsidence areas, associated with the Deep Tropical Squeeze (DTS, Lau and Kim, 2015b) strongly suppress monsoon convection and rainfall over subtropical and extratropical land, leading to a weakening of the Asian monsoon meridional circulation. Increased anthropogenic aerosol emission strongly masks WOWL, by over 60% over the northern hemisphere, negating to a large extent the rainfall increase due to GHG warming, and leading to a further weakening of the monsoon circulation, through increasing atmospheric stability, most likely associated with aerosol solar dimming and semi-direct effects. Overall, we find that GHG exerts stronger positive rainfall sensitivity, but less negative circulation sensitivity in SASM compared to EASM. In contrast, aerosols exert stronger negative impacts on rainfall, but less negative impacts on circulation in EASM compared to SASM.
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TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN EAST ASIA AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION
Lau,Sim-Yee The Institute of East and West Studies 1997 Global economic review Vol.26 No.4
The importance of technology in economic development is indisputable. A large part of the developmental process in East Asian countries has been greatly accelerated by the transfer of technology from developed countries. This paper, based on detailed data obtained from selected samples of about 100 companies in Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand , and Indonesia, examines several key determinants of the process of acquisition, assimilation and internalization of imported technology in business enterprises. Drawing on the findings, this paper also suggests several implications for regional cooperation in enhancing the process of technology transfer in East Asia.
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Evaluation of CPI‐based co‐parenting education programs in Hong Kong: Implications for social work
Lau Yuk King 한국사회복지학회 2021 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.15 No.2
This article reports an evaluation study of co-parenting education services in a pilot project on co-parenting support services in Hong Kong. Based on the Cooperative Parenting Institute (CPI) model, there are two levels of education program: Level 1 is an information-based program delivered through talks or lecture format; and Level 2 is participatory, interactive workshops. The study results would provide preliminary support to the effectiveness of the CPI-based education programs in reducing inter-parental conflicts with additional effectiveness on the reduction of putting children in the middle for parents participating in the Level 2 program. In response to the findings, it is recommended to match the participants’ level of conflicts with the appropriate level of program. Parents with high conflict need more intensive program. Consequently, a range of mutual support and booster sessions is recommended to maintain the parents’ commitment to co-parenting after the education. The CPI-based model is recommended to be the reference or protocol for training the social workers of related services. Moreover, cross-disciplinary training may equip supporting professions such as judges, lawyers, and mediators with a common framework to facilitate appropriate court order or advice on the appropriate level of the education program.
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LAU, Erin-Ee-Lin,CHUNG, Wan-Young The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2008 IEICE transactions on fundamentals of electronics, Vol.91 No.7
<P>A novel RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) refinement algorithm is proposed to enhance the resolution for indoor and outdoor real-time location tracking system. The proposed refinement algorithm is implemented in two separate phases. During the first phase, called the pre-processing step, RSSI values at different static locations are collected and processed to build a calibrated model for each reference node. Different measurement campaigns pertinent to each parameter in the model are implemented to analyze the sensitivity of RSSI. The propagation models constructed for each reference nodes are needed by the second phase. During the next phase, called the runtime process, real-time tracking is performed. Smoothing algorithm is proposed to minimize the dynamic fluctuation of radio signal received from each reference node when the mobile target is moving. Filtered RSSI values are converted to distances using formula calibrated in the first phase. Finally, an iterative trilateration algorithm is used for position estimation. Experiments relevant to the optimization algorithm are carried out in both indoor and outdoor environments and the results validated the feasibility of proposed algorithm in reducing the dynamic fluctuation for more accurate position estimation.</P>
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