鍛辭成章: 「閱讀促進學習」教學法中筆記摘錄與共同建構在香港非華 語初中課堂的實踐與成效

Loh Ka Yee Elizabeth,Shum Shui Kee Mark,Lai Kwok Chang,Leung Tit Hei Nixon,Lam Ka Chun 단국대학교 한문교육연구소 2019 International Han-character Education Research Vol.1 No.1

최근 홍콩에서 중국어를 모국어로 사용하지 않는 학생들을 합격시킨 주류 중등학교들이 급증하고 있다.(2016, 입법회). 이 학교는 이러한 학생의 학습 차이를 고려하여 다양한 대처를 필요로 하고 있다. 다양한 방식을 채택하여 학생들이 중국어 학습을 잘 마칠 수 있게 지원하여, 그들의 진학이 구직난을 해소하고 사회 상류로의 진출 기회가 될 수 있도록 해야 한다.(Leung et al 2017; Loh & Tam, 2016). (중국은) 중국어를 사용하지 않는 학생들에게 적합한 중국어 교육법을 제공하 는 것이 필요하다고 판단하고 있으며, 이는 해결해야 할 급선무 문제가 되었다.(shum, 2015). 본 연구는 이러한 홍콩의 상황에 집중하였다. 「阅读促进学习」(Rose&Martin, 2012) 교수법은 비 중국어 사용자 학생들의 비율이 비교적 높은 중등학교 한 곳을 선정하고, 제2외국어 교육 과정을 중국어로 하는 대외한어교육현장에서 제 2외국어 학습 기관(홍콩교육국, 2014) 및 국제 일반 중등학교 교육 증서(IGCSE)의 교육과정 개요를 참조하여, 본 교육과정(커리큘럼)을 수정 하였다. 협업과 회의를 통해 공동으로 수업을 준비하고 교육현장을 관찰하는데, 교사와 학생들이 모인 소그룹 인터뷰, 필기 및 수업 원본 분석 등의 방법을 진행하였다. 이를 통해 본 교수법이 학생들에게 설명문 종류의 글을 읽고 쓰는 능력을 향상시키고 학습 동기를 높일 수 있는지의 여부를 검토하였다. 교사는 학생들이 본문을 자세하게 읽도록 한 후, 그룹 협업을 통해 그 문장에 서 핵심 키워드를 발췌하여 노트에 기록하도록 학생들을 지도하는 방법(Note Making)을 시행하고, 이어서 학생들은 상호 간의 교류와 협력에 의해 문장 속에 등장한 핵심 단어들과 구 형식, 문장 형식을 활용하여, 협업을 통해 새로운 글을 창작하고, 마지막으로 학생들이 각자 개별적으로 작문을 수행하게 하였다. 본 연구를 통해, 상술한 단계가 학생들이 문장 형식에 따른 다양한 언어 능력의 차이를 이해하도록 돕는데 효과적이며, 서로 다른 글쓰기 활동에 활용할 수 있음을 발견했다. 원전 분석 및 소그룹 인터뷰 또한 위 교수법이 학생들의 중국어 학습 동기를 향상시키는 데 효과가 있음과 학생들의 학습에 대한 믿음이 증가한 것을 보여주었다. 본 연구는 阅读促进学习 교수법이 학생들의 읽기와 쓰기 능력을 개선하고, 각 교육 절차의 실천적 성과들이 모두 시사성이 있음을 검증하였다는데 그 의의가 있다. In Hong Kong, the number of secondary schools admitting Non-Chinese Speaking (NCS) students has increased tremendously in recent years (LegCo, 2016), in which most of them are mainstream schools. To cater the learning differences of NCS students, various supportin g programs have been employed to help NCS students to improve their Chinese so as to ease their difficulties in applying for universities and finding jobs (Loh & Tam, 2016), and hence enhancing upward social mobility (Leung et al, 2017). Thus developing suitable Chinese as a Second Language (CSL) pedagogies has caught much scholarly attention with pressing needs. Under such backdrop, the paper discusses the use of “Reading to Learn (R2L)” Pedagogy (Rose & Martin, 2012) to support the junior secondary CSL teaching and learning in a secondary school with high NCS density. The research team developed school-based teachin g and learning materials based on Chinese Language Curriculum Second Language Adapted Learning Framework (EDB, 2014) and International General Certificate of Secondary Educat ion (IGCSE) syllabus. Based on collaborative lesson preparation, class observation, teachers and students focus groups, close examination of students’work, the study aims at finding the effectiveness of R2L in enhancing students’ reading and writing abilities of explanatory essays, as well as their motivation. Through Detailed Reading, Note-making, Joint Rewriting and Joint Construction, with extensive scaffolding and teacher-student interaction, students are able to understand the register variables and transfer to individual writing of explanatory essays. Discourse analysis and focus group interviews also show that R2L can enhance the motivation of students and their confidence in learning Chinese. The study explores the potential of applying R2L pedagogy to enhance the reading and writing of explanatory essay s, as well as discerning the praxis and effectiveness of various teaching stages.

Vibration-based identification of rotating blades using Rodrigues' rotation formula from a 3-D measurement

Loh, Chin-Hsiung,Huang, Yu-Ting,Hsiung, Wan-Ying,Yang, Yuan-Sen,Loh, Kenneth J. Techno-Press 2015 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.21 No.6

In this study, the geometrical setup of a turbine blade is tracked. A research-scale rotating turbine blade system is setup with a single 3-axes accelerometer mounted on one of the blades. The turbine system is rotated by a controlled motor. The tilt and rolling angles of the rotating blade under operating conditions are determined from the response measurement of the single accelerometer. Data acquisition is achieved using a prototype wireless sensing system. First, the Rodrigues' rotation formula and an optimization algorithm are used to track the blade rolling angle and pitching angles of the turbine blade system. In addition, the blade flapwise natural frequency is identified by removing the rotation-related response induced by gravity and centrifuge force. To verify the result of calculations, a covariance-driven stochastic subspace identification method (SSI-COV) is applied to the vibration measurements of the blades to determine the system natural frequencies. It is thus proven that by using a single sensor and through a series of coordinate transformations and the Rodrigues' rotation formula, the geometrical setup of the blade can be tracked and the blade flapwise vibration frequency can be determined successfully.

Vibration-based identification of rotating blades using Rodrigues’ rotation formula from a 3-D measurement

Chin-Hsiung Loh,Yu-Ting Huang,Wan-Ying Hsiung,Yuan-Sen Yang,Kenneth J. Loh 한국풍공학회 2015 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.21 No.6

In this study, the geometrical setup of a turbine blade is tracked. A research-scale rotating turbine blade system is setup with a single 3-axes accelerometer mounted on one of the blades. The turbine system is rotated by a controlled motor. The tilt and rolling angles of the rotating blade under operating conditions are determined from the response measurement of the single accelerometer. Data acquisition is achieved using a prototype wireless sensing system. First, the Rodrigues' rotation formula and an optimization algorithm are used to track the blade rolling angle and pitching angles of the turbine blade system. In addition, the blade flapwise natural frequency is identified by removing the rotation-related response induced by gravity and centrifuge force. To verify the result of calculations, a covariance-driven stochastic subspace identification method (SSI-COV) is applied to the vibration measurements of the blades to determine the system natural frequencies. It is thus proven that by using a single sensor and through a series of coordinate transformations and the Rodrigues' rotation formula, the geometrical setup of the blade can be tracked and the blade flapwise vibration frequency can be determined successfully.

Factors Associated with Resolution of Hypertension after Adrenalectomy in Patients with Primary Aldosteronism

Wann Jia Loh,Dawn Shao Ting Lim,Lih Ming Loh,Peng Chin Kek 대한내분비학회 2018 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.33 No.3

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with resolution of hypertension after adrenalectomy inpatients with primary aldosteronism. A secondary aim was to describe our use of the contralateral ratio in adrenal venous sampling(AVS) in the setting of suboptimal successful cannulation rates. Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent AVS followed by unilateral adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronismwas performed. Results: Complete resolution of hypertension and hypokalemia was seen in 17 of 40 patients (42.5%), while a clinical improvementin hypertension was seen in 38 of 40 (95%). Shorter duration of hypertension, mean aldosteronoma resolution score (ARS), and ahigh ARS of 3 to 5 were associated with resolution of hypertension after adrenalectomy (P=0.02, P=0.02, and P=0.004, respectively). Of the individual components of ARS, only a duration of hypertension of ≤6 years was associated with resolution of hypertensionafter adrenalectomy (P=0.03). Conclusion: A shorter duration of hypertension was significantly associated with resolution of hypertension after adrenalectomy inpatients with primary aldosteronism.

The Kuala Lumpur Qigong Trial for Women in the Cancer Survivorship Phase-Efficacy of a Three-Arm RCT to Improve QOL

Loh, Siew Yim,Lee, Shing Yee,Murray, Liam Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.19

Background: Qigong is highly favoured among Asian breast cancer survivors for enhancing health. This study examined the hypothesis that quality of life (QoL) in the Qigong group is better than the placebo (aerobic) or usual care group. Materials and Methods: A total of 197 participants were randomly assigned to either the 8-week Kuala Lumpur Qigong Trial or control groups in 2010-2011. Measurement taken at baseline and post-intervention included QoL, distress and fatigue. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and Kruskal Wallis were used to examine for differences between groups in the measurements. Results: There were 95 consenting participants in this 8week trial. The adherence rates were 63% for Qigong and 65% for the placebo group. The Qigong group showed significant marginal improvement in Quality of life scores compared to placebo (mean difference=7.3 unit; p=0.036), compared to usual care (mean difference=6.7 unit; p=0.048) on Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-Breast measure. There were no significant changes between the placebo and usual care groups in fatigue or distress at post intervention (8-week). Conclusions: Cancer survivors who participated in the Qigong intervention showed slightly better QOL. Follow up studies are greatly needed to evaluate which subgroups may best benefit from Qigong. With a steep rise of cancer survivors, there is an urgent need to explore and engage more cultural means of physical activity to fight side effects of treatment and for cancer control in developing countries.

Range of Varicella Zoster Co-Infections with COVID-19, Singapore

Loh Jerold,Tham Sai Meng,Tambyah Paul Anantharajah,Yan Gabriel,Lee Chun Kiat,Chai Louis Yi Ann 대한감염학회 2021 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.53 No.2

There have been recent descriptions of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presenting as ‘varicella-like exanthem’. We report three cases of patients with Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) and COVID-19 co-infections, presenting in three varied ways. These cases highlight the need for heightened alertness to how such co-infections can present, to pick up overlapping ‘dual pathologies’ during this current pandemic given that infection control measures including airborne precautions are crucial for both COVID-19 and VZV.

Sociodemographic Predictors of Recall and Recognition of Colorectal Cancer Symptoms and Anticipated Delay in Help-Seeking in a Multiethnic Asian Population

Loh, Kwong Weng,Majid, Hazreen Abdul,Dahlui, Maznah,Roslani, April Camilla,Su, Tin Tin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.6

Background: Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in Malaysia. The prognosis of the disease is excellent if detected at an early stage, but the majority of Malaysian patients present at late stages. We aimed to assess the awareness of cancer warning signs and anticipated delay in help-seeking as possible contributors to this phenomenon. Materials and Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey using the Colorectal Cancer Awareness Measure was initiated in Perak, Malaysia. A total of 2,379 respondents aged 18 years and above were recruited using a multi-stage sampling in five locations. Analysis of covariance was used to examine independent sociodemographic predictors of scores for symptom awareness. Results: Younger age, being female, a higher education, and higher income were significantly associated with better scores for both recall and recognition of warning symptoms. Among the ethnic groups, Malays had better recognition of symptoms whereas Chinese recalled the most symptoms. Passing bloody stool was associated with the least anticipated delay and unexplained anal pain had the highest anticipated delay. Conclusions: The level of awareness across all ethnicities in Malaysia is generally low, especially among minorities. Targeted public education, which is culturally and linguistically appropriate, should be developed to encourage early help-seeking and improve clinical outcomes.

An Objective Approach to Deriving the Clinical Performance of Autoverification Limits

Loh Tze Ping,Tan Rui Zhen,Lim Chun Yee,Markus Corey 대한진단검사의학회 2022 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.42 No.5

This study describes an objective approach to deriving the clinical performance of autoverification rules to inform laboratory practice when implementing them. Anonymized historical laboratory data for 12 biochemistry measurands were collected and Box-Cox-transformed to approximate a Gaussian distribution. The historical laboratory data were assumed to be error-free. Using the probability theory, the clinical specificity of a set of autoverification limits can be derived by calculating the percentile values of the overall distribution of a measurand. The 5th and 95th percentile values of the laboratory data were calculated to achieve a 90% clinical specificity. Next, a predefined tolerable total error adopted from the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Program was applied to the extracted data before subjecting to Box-Cox transformation. Using a standard normal distribution, the clinical sensitivity can be derived from the probability of the Z-value to the right of the autoverification limit for a one-tailed probability and multiplied by two for a two-tailed probability. The clinical sensitivity showed an inverse relationship with between-subject biological variation. The laboratory can set and assess the clinical performance of its autoverification rules that conforms to its desired risk profile.

ROCKET: A Robust Parallel Algorithm for Clustering Large-Scale Transaction Databases

LOH, Woong-Kee,MOON, Yang-Sae,AHN, Heejune The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2011 IEICE transactions on information and systems Vol.94 No.10

<P>We propose a robust and efficient algorithm called ROCKET for clustering large-scale transaction databases. ROCKET is a divisive hierarchical algorithm that makes the most of recent hardware architecture. ROCKET handles the cases with the small and the large number of similar transaction pairs separately and efficiently. Through experiments, we show that ROCKET achieves high-quality clustering with a dramatic performance improvement.</P>

Barriers to Participation in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Qigong Exercises Amongst Cancer Survivors: Lessons Learnt

Loh, Siew Yim,Lee, Shing Yee,Quek, Kia Fatt,Murray, Liam Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12

Background: Clinical trials on cancer subjects have one of the highest dropout rates. Barriers to recruitment range from patient-related, through institutional-related to staff-related factors. This paper highlights the low response rate and the recruitment barriers faced in our Qigong exercises trial. Materials and Method: The Qigong trial is a three-arm trial with a priori power size of 114 patients for 80% power. The University Malaya Medical Centre database showed a total of 1,933 patients from 2006-2010 and 751 patients met our inclusion criteria. These patients were approached via telephone interview. 131 out of 197 patients attended the trial and the final response rate was 48% (n=95/197). Results: Multiple barriers were identified, and were regrouped as patient-related, clinician-related and/or institutional related. A major consistent barrier was logistic difficulty related to transportation and car parking at the Medical Centre. Conclusions: All clinical trials must pay considerable attention to the recruitment process and it should even be piloted to identify potential barriers and facilitators to reduce attrition rate in trials.