Concentrations and sources of precursor gasses (NH₃, SO₂, NO<SUB>x</SUB>) and PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> at a commercial manure composting facility

James Hooper(제임스 후퍼),Sang-Ryong Lee(이상룡),Kyungwon Min(민경원),Eun-Jeong Kim(김은정),Hyuck K. Ju(주혁),Yun-Seo Cho(조윤서) 환경독성보건학회 2021 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2021 No.5

Livestock manure is an important source of ammonia emissions globally, contributing to poor air quality through the formation of secondary inorganic aerosols. As per capita meat consumption increases, concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) have become increasingly common, leading to large quantities of excreta that need to be treated in dedicated manure processing facilities. However, little is known about the scale of gaseous emissions from these facilities, and the potential impact they have on air quality and the surrounding environment. This paper presents NH<SUB>3</SUB>, SO<SUB>2</SUB>, NO_x and PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> monitoring data from a modern commercial manure composting facility located in Paju, South Korea. During the five-week monitoring period during June – July 2020, average internal concentrations of NH<SUB>3</SUB>, SO<SUB>2</SUB>, NO, NO<SUB>2</SUB> and PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> were found to be 57.1 ± 1.3 mg m^-3, 307.2 ± 17.4 μg m^-3, 33.4 ± 3.2 μg m^-3, 7.3 ± 0.8 μg m^-3, and 36.9 ± 2.6 μg m^-3, respectively. The NH<SUB>3</SUB> emission rate was calculated to be 7.28 ± 0.41 NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N mg min^-1 m^-3, with scaled emissions rates of 1.85 ± 0.1 NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N g h^-1 m^-3 of manure compost, or 1.52 ± 0.09 NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N g kg^-1 of manure compost over the full 18-day composting period. The evidence suggests that the high-volume ventilation and scrubber system, maintaining a negative pressure environment inside the facility, was highly effective at limiting external emissions, and can be recommended as a suitable technology to reduce pollution from manure composting facilities.

Supplemental calcium improves freezing tolerance of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) by mitigating membrane and photosynthetic damage, and bolstering anti-oxidant and cell-wall status

Kyungwon Min(민경원),Liu Bing(리우 빙),Sang-Ryong Lee(이상용),Rajeev Arora(라지브 아로라) 환경독성보건학회 2021 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2021 No.5

Supplemental calcium (Ca2+)fertilization has been reported to enhance plant tolerance against various abiotic stresses, however, its effect on freezing tolerance has not been well studied. We investigated the effect of Ca2+supplementation on freezing tolerance of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) at whole-plant as well as excised-leaf level. Seedlings supplemented with 20 and 25 mM Ca2+ through sub-irrigation efficiently assimilated Ca2+, evident by higher leaf-Ca2+ content. Supplemental Ca2+ did not impede leaf-growth(leaf-area) but slightly increased dry weight / fresh weight ratio compared to the control. Supplemental Ca2+ significantly improved freezing tolerance as evident by reducing K+/Mg2+/total ion-leakage (i.e. indicative of less membrane damage), alleviating oxidative stress (less accumulation of O2 and H2O2), and enhancing PSII potential quantum yield /energy trapping efficiency (Fv/Fm) following a relatively moderate or severe freeze-thaw stress, i.e., -5.5 and -6.5 ˚C. Improved freezing tolerance by Ca2+ supplementation was paralleled by enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes, super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase(CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Our data further suggests that, besides abolstered antioxidant status, improved freezing tolerance of Ca2+-fed seedlings may also be associated with reduced loss of Ca2+ from plasma membrane (due to lower abundance of leaked K+ in extra cellular spaces) as well as due to increased mechanical strength of cell wall as evident by cell wall augmentation.

Immunosuppressive Effect of Silibinin in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Kyungwon Min,Won-Kee Yoon,김상겸,Bong-Hee Kim 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.10

Silibinin is the major pharmacologically active compound of silymarin, the Silybum marianum fruit extract. Hepatoprotective activities of silibinin/silymarin are well-known, and recent studies demonstrated their anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic effects which are due to inhibition of the transcription factor NF-κB. Based on this knowledge, we hypothesized that silibinin could be effective in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and so we tested its immunosuppressive effect in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the MS animal model. The process of spinal cord demyelination and inflammation were observed and T cell migration was determined by FACS analysis. The results showed that silibinin significantly reduced the histological signs of demyelination and inflammation in EAE. Since cytokines play an important role in inflammatory disease, the proliferative response and cytokine production were examined in lymphocytes from spleens and lymph nodes. We demonstrated that silibinin Agnonspecifically down-regulated the secretion of pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines and up-regulated the anti-inflammatory Th2 cytokines in vitro. Silibinin also dose-dependently inhibited the production of Th1 cytokines ex vivo. These results indicate that silibinin is both immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory. Key words: EAE, Multiple sclerosis, Silibinin,

Supplemental calcium improves freezing tolerance of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) by mitigating membrane and photosynthetic damage, and bolstering anti-oxidant and cell-wall status

Kyungwon Min,Sang-Ryong Lee 환경독성보건학회 2021 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2021 No.10

조현병 환자의 위스콘신 카드 분류 검사 첫 4회 시행력의 의의

김경원(Kyungwon Kim),이병대(Byung Dae Lee),박제민(Je Min Park),문은수(Eunsoo Moon),이영민(Young Min Lee),정희정(Hee Jeong Jeong) 대한생물치료정신의학회 2017 생물치료정신의학 Vol.23 No.1

Objectives:This study evaluated consecutive response patterns on the first four trials of Wisconsin card sorting test(WCST), not just correct % of each card, in patients with deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia. Methods:The subjects were 145 outpatients with schizophrenia diagnosed by DSM-IV. The deficit(n=37) and non-deficit(n=108) subgroups of the patients were evaluated by retrospective chart review based on the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome(SDS). Given assign code ‘1’ to the correct responses and ‘0’ to the wrong responses of the WCST, the patients who responded as 1111, 0111, or 0011 on the first four trials were considered as good performers (n=33) and who responded other ways, such as 1010, 0101, etc. were poor performers(n=112). Results:Patients with deficit schizophrenia had lower outcomes in % correct, categories achieved and conceptual level responses than patients with non-deficit schizophrenia. According to the first trials of WCST, poor performers had lower outcomes in all classical indices which were number of trials, % correct, categories achieved and conceptual level responses. Significantly more patients in the deficit group were classified as poor performers on the first four trials. The poor performers failed to chase up the good performers during the first ten trials. The sensitivity and specificity of poor/good performance criteria predicting deficit or non-deficit schizophrenia was 89.2% and 26.9%, respectively. Conclusion:The response patterns of the first four trials in WCST could be an index reflecting the whole WCST performance and predict deficit symptoms better than non-deficit ones in schizophrenia.

다큐멘터리영화의 관객소통 방식 연구

민경원(Kyungwon Min),채희주(Heeju Chae) 한국영화학회 2011 영화연구 Vol.0 No.50

Audiences are recently growing interested in documentary films. Although Old Partner(2008) involves a non-commercial subject matter and has the limitations of a documentary genre, it attracted a large audience of 292 million and 9,704 people, fueling a great syndrome. Not only this work, but also Our School(2006) and Repatriation(2003) documentaries are famous for their fueling of sustained favorable response. These documentary films overcame the limitations of independent films, and tried to communicate with the audience in the general commercial film market structure. South Korea’s film industry focused on commercial films has a monopolistic pattern, and vertical and horizontal structure. Low-budget independent films or documentaries have minimal presence in the film industry. To communicate with greater audiences, new methods should be devised and greater opportunities should be given for documentary films to be shown. In this sense, Old Partner, Our School and Repatriation executed new strategies to better communicate with the audience, and succeeded in promoting themselves, thereby opening a new horizon not only for documentaries but also for low-budget independent films. In the case of Old Partner, Our School and Repatriation, not only their screening but also their contents are very meaningful. These works show the diverse spectrums of Korea’s modern history, and try to communicate the message of living as "us"in South Korea to the audience. Like these three works, many documents that will be produced, distributed and screened should provide opportunities to communicate with the audience. This paper examines the production of documentary films centering on Old Partner, Our School and Repatriation, as well as the method of their communication with the audience.

통합유치원에서 협력적 자문을 통한 교사의 놀이개입이 중도중복장애유아의 사회적 상호작용에 미치는 영향

민경원 ( Min Kyungwon ),노진아 ( Noh Jina ) 한국유아특수교육학회 2023 유아특수교육연구 Vol.23 No.3

이 연구의 목적은 통합학급 교사와 특수교사의 협력적 자문을 통한 놀이개입이 통합 상황에 있는 중도중복장애유아의 사회적 상호작용에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 통합유치원에 재학 중인 중도중복장애유아 1명을 대상으로 사회적 시작행동, 반응행동, 상호작용 행동에서의 변화를 단일대상연구를 통하여 살펴보았다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 연구 대상 유아의 사회적 시작행동이 증가하였다. 중재 전에는 또래의 목소리와 장난감 소리에 반응행동을 주로 보였으나, 중재 후에는 또래에게 놀이를 제안하거나 긍정적인 신체 접촉을 시도하는 행동이 증가하였다. 둘째, 연구 대상 유아의 사회적 반응행동이 증가하였다. 중재가 지속되면서 또래들이 연구 대상 유아에게 보이는 시작행동이 증가하였고, 동시에 연구 대상 유아 역시 또래에게 보이는 행동이 증가하면서, 연구 대상 유아의 더 많은 사회적 반응행동이 유도된 것으로 파악된다. 셋째, 연구 대상 유아의 사회적 상호작용 행동이 증가하였는데, 이 증가율은 시작행동과 반응행동에 비해 더 가파른 상승세를 보였다. 이는 연구에서 실시한 협력적 자문을 통한 교사의 놀이개입이 연구 대상 유아와 또래 간에 집중적인 상호작용을 유도했기 때문일 것으로 짐작된다. 이 연구는 한 교실에서 통합교육을 실시하는 통합유치원에서 중도중복장애유아와 비장애유아와의 상호작용을 증진하기 위한 구체적인 방안을 제시하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of play intervention, facilitated through collaborative consultation between general and special education teachers, on the social interaction of a child with severe and multiple disabilities in an inclusive kindergarten. The child’s social initiation, response, and interaction behaviors were observed using a single-subject research design. The main findings were as follows. First, the child’s social initiation behaviors increased. Before the intervention, the child mainly reacted to peers’ voices and toy sounds. However, post-intervention, the child began to suggest play and initiate positive physical contact with peers. Second, the child’s social response behaviors also increased. As the intervention progressed, the initiation behaviors displayed by peers toward the child increased, which in turn led to an increase in the child’s response behaviors towards peers. Third, the child’s social interaction behaviors showed the greatest increase, potentially due to the teacher-led intervention, which encouraged intensive interaction between the child and peers. The significance of this study lies in providing concrete strategies for enhancing interaction between a child with severe and multiple disabilities and children without disabilities in inclusive kindergartens where education is implemented in one classroom.

Machine Learning Algorithms for the Prediction of Locomotor Activity by an Infrared Motion Detector on the Sleep-wake States in Mice

Yoo Rha Hong(Yoo Rha Hong),Kyungwon Kim(Kyungwon Kim),Eunsoo Moon(Eunsoo Moon),Jeonghyun Park(Jeonghyun Park),Chi Eun Oh(Chi Eun Oh),Jung Hyun Lee(Jung Hyun Lee),Min Yoon(Min Yoon) 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.2

Objective: Even though studies using machine learning on sleep-wake states have been performed, studies in various conditions are still necessary. This study aimed to examine the performance of the prediction model of locomotor activities on sleep-wake states using machine learning algorithms. Methods: The processed data using moving average of locomotor activities were used as predicting features. The sleep-wake states were used as true labels. The prediction models were established by machine learning classifiers such as support vector machine with radial basis function (SVM-RBF), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), naïve Bayes, and random forest (RF). The prediction model was evaluated by a six-fold cross validation. Results: The SVM-RBF and RF showed acceptable performance within a window of moving average from 480 to 1,200 seconds. The highest accuracy (0.869) was shown by the RF at the interval of 480 seconds. Meanwhile, the highest area under the curve (0.939) was shown by LDA at the interval of 870 seconds. Conclusion: This study suggested that the prediction model on sleep-wake state using machine learning could show an improvement of the model performance when using moving average with raw data. The prediction model using locomotor activity can be useful in research on sleep-wake state.

Feasibility of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Placement in COVID-19 Patients Isolated in the Intensive Care Unit of a Small Volume Center (291-Bed Hospital)

Kyungwon Lee,Min Chang Kang 대한외상중환자외과학회 2022 Journal of Acute Care Surgery Vol.12 No.3

Purpose Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) should be isolated from others to prevent widespread infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of performing peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement in patients with COVID-19 isolated in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a small volume center hospital. Methods This retrospective study included 79 patients who underwent PICC in 2 ICUs. There were 41 patients with COVID-19 who were isolated in an ICU (isolated ICU) and there were 38 patients who required ICU care who did not have COVID-19 (non-isolated ICU). Their medical records including PICC-related complications and clinical variables were compared. Results PICC placement was performed to maintain long-term intravenous access for 78% of the COVID-19 group and 52.6% of the non-COVID-19 group (p = 0.017). The mean procedure time (minutes) was 15.2 ± 7.58 in the COVID-19 group and 12.6 ± 6.65 in the non-COVID-19 group (p = 0.109). When PICC tip locations were divided into three groups (optimal, suboptimal, and malpositioned), there was no significant difference between the two groups of patients. PICC-related complications in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups included non-functioning catheter (0% vs. 5.3%, p = 0.137), occurrence of swelling or hematoma around PICC inserted site (2.4% vs. 0%, p = 0.333), and PICC-related infection. Conclusion PICC placement for patients with COVID-19 isolated in the ICU of a small volume center hospital was feasible and safe.

Resistance Mechanisms and Clinical Features of Fluconazole-Nonsusceptible Candida tropicalis Isolates Compared with Fluconazole-Less-Susceptible Isolates

( Min Ji Choi ),( Eun Jeong Won ),( Jong Hee Shin ),( Soo Hyun Kim ),( Wee-gyo Lee ),( Mi-na Kim ),( Kyungwon Lee ),( Myung Geun Shin ),( Soon Pal Suh ),( Dong Wook Ryang ),( Young Jun Im ) 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2016 약품개발연구지 Vol.25 No.-

We investigated the azole resistance mechanisms and clinical features of fluconazole-nonsusceptible (FNS) isolates of Candida tropicalis recovered from Korean surveillance cultures in comparison with fluconazole-less-susceptible (FNS) isolates. Thirty-five clinical isolates of C. tropicalis, comprising 9 FNS (fluconazole MIC, 4 to 64 μg/ml), 12 FLS (MIC, 1 to 2 μg/ml), and 14 con-trol (MIC, 0.125 to 0.5 μg/ml) isolates, were assessed. CDR1, MDR1, and ERG11 expression was quantified, and the ERG11 and UPC2 genes were sequenced. Clinical features of 16 patients with FNS of FLS bloodstream isolates were analyzed. Both FNS and FLS isolates had > 10-fold higher mean expression levels of CDR1, MDR1, and ERG11 genes than control isolates (P values of <0.02 for all). When FNS and FLS isolates were compared, FNS isolates had 3.4-fold higher mean ERG11 expression levels than FLS isolates (P=0.004), but there were no differences in those CDR1 or MDR1. Of all 35 isolates, 4 (2 FNS and 2 FLS) and 28 (8 FNS, 11 FLS, and 9 control) isolates exhibited amino acid substitutions in Erg 11p and Upc2p, respectively. Both FNS and FLS bloodstream isolates were associated with azole therapeutic failure (3/4 versus 4/7) or uncleared fungemia (4/6 versus 4/10), but FNS isolates were identified more frequently from patients with previous azole exposure (6/6 versus 3/10; P=0.011) and immunosuppression (6/6 versus 3/10;P=0.011). These results reveal that the majority of FNS C. tropicalis isolates show immunosuppression.