메이지신궁과 ‘화혼양재(和魂洋才)’

박규태(Park Kyu Tae) 원광대학교 종교문제연구소 2018 한국종교 Vol.43 No.-

일본 근대화를 성취한 메이지(明治)시대의 연호는 말할 것도 없이 메이지천황에서 비롯된 것이며, 이런 의미에서 메이지천황은 근대 일본을 대표하는 상징 중 하나라고 말할 수 있다. 마찬가지로 메이지천황과 쇼켄(昭憲)황태후를 제신으로 모신 메이지신궁(明治神宮)은 근대신도를 대표하는 상징적 공간이라 할 만하다. 근대신도의 두드러진 특징으로 특정 인간을 제신으로 모신 창건신사를 빼놓을 수 없는데, 메이지신궁은 그 중 천황을 제신으로 모신 창건신사의 ‘특별한’ 사례라 할 수 있다. 메이지신궁은 여타의 창건신사와는 달리 내원(內苑)과 외원(外苑)이라는 이원적 구조로 이루어져있기 때문이다. 1920년 현 도쿄 도심부인 시부야구 요요기(代々木)에 건립된 메이지신궁은 신사건축을 기조로 한 내원과 서양식 공원인 외원 및 양자를 연결하는 참배로(表参道)로 이루어진 종교=문화복합공간이다. 이 중 일명 ‘요요기의 숲(代々木の杜)’이라 불리는 70만 평방미터의 내원은 12만그루(365종)의 헌목으로 이루어진 인공림으로 통상 신도 진수숲(鎮守の森)의 이상형으로 말해지기도 한다. 한편 외원의 경우는 서양풍의 〈성덕기념회화관〉(聖德記念繪畵館)과 메이지천황의 장례식 터가 위치하고, 그 왼쪽에는 〈국립경기장〉(구메이지신궁 외원경기장)과 신궁구장(神宮球場)을 비롯한 각종 스포츠 시설들이 들어서 있으며, 오른쪽에는 메이지천황이 대일본제국헌법을 발포했던 〈메이지기념관〉(구 헌법기념관)이 배치되어 있다. 본고의 목적은 ‘토착적=일본적 근대화’라는 관점에서 일본 근대성의 한 상징인 메이지신궁의 이원적 공간구조와 구성원리에 내포된 함의 및 의의를 특히 ‘화혼양재’(和魂洋才)라는 모토와 결부시켜 규명하는 데에 있다. 이때 ‘토착적=화혼, 근대화=양재’라는 기본도식과 함께 양자의 상호 중충성 혹은 교차성에 주목할 것이다. During the Meiji Age Japanese modernization was accomplished, and in that sense the Emperor Meiji is one of the symbols that represents modern Japan. Similarly , the Meiji Shrine is a symbolic space that represents modern Shinto religion that enshrined as ritual gods the Emperor Meiji and the Empress Shoken. As one of the outstanding features of modern Shinto religion, the founding Shrine that enshrined as ritual gods specific human beings can not be left out. The Meiji Shrine was a special case of establishing a shrine that enshrined the Emperor as a ritual god. This is because the Meiji Shrine, different from other established shrines, was composed of a dual structure of Inner Park and Outer Park. In 1920, the Meiji Shrine was built at Yoyogi in Sibuya in the present downtown of Tokyo. It is a complex space of religion and culture that was constructed with a visiting road to connect both the Inner Park, based on Shrine buildings, and the Outer Park, a Westernized park. The Inner Park of 700,000 square meters, called the Forest of Yoyogi, is an artificial forest made up of 365 kinds of 120,000 donated trees, and it is said to be ordinarily an ideal Shintoist forest. On the other hand, in the Outer Park, the Western-styled Meiji Memorial Picture Gallery and the burial site Emperor Meiji are located, and on it’s left various sports facilities were built including the National Stadium (stadium at the outer park of former Meiji Shrine) and the Ball Park of Divine Shrine, while on the right the Meiji Commemoration Hall (former Constitution Commemoration Hall) was built where Emperor Meiji proclaimed the Constitution of the great Japanese Empire. The object of this paper is to investigate the meaning, contained in the principle of a dual space structure, of the constitution of the Meiji Shrine that is a symbol of Japanese modernity - especially in association with the dictum: ‘Japanese spirit combined with Western Learning’, from the standpoint of ‘indigenous, Japanese modernization.’ When conducting this investigation, based on the notion that ‘indigenous’ means the Japanese spirit, and ‘modernization’ means embracing Western Learning, the paper concentrates on the characteristics of mutual interfusion and exchanges between the two cultures of Japan and the West, the former representing indigenous being and the latter representing modernization.

LabVIEW를 이용한 유도전동기의 권선고장 자동진단

한동기(Dong-gi Han),송명현(Myung-hyun Song),박규남(Kyu-nam Park),이태훈(Tae-hun Lee) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.7

본 논문에서는 유도전동기의 고정자권선 고장진단을 목적으로 이상적인 전동기의 전류신호와 실시간으로 운전하고 있는 전동기 전류신호를 Park’s Vector에 각각 적용시켜 Park's Vector 패턴을 만들고 패턴 피크값의 기준치와 측정치의 편차를 이용하여 오차치를 벗어날 때 고장으로 진단하는 Park's Vector 패턴의 피크값을 이용한 고정자권선의 고장진단을 시도하였다. 숙달된 작업자가 Park’s Vector패턴을 보고 고장을 분석해야 했던 방법과는 달리 패턴을 비교하지 않고도 자동으로 고장을 진단하고 정보해주는 진단 방법을 제시하였다. 실제 전류분석 및 진단을 위해 상용 프로그램인 LabVIEW를 이용하였다.

펄스폭제어방식을 이용한 Switching Regulator에 관한 연구

박규태,윤형로,최승국 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1981 논문집 Vol.13 No.2

본 논문에서는 Switching Regulator 내의 PWM 시스템에서의 위상지연과 스위칭소자의 지연에 의한 위상지연을 고찰하였고 출력필터의 연속전류모드와 불연속전류모드의 궤환에 의한 시스템의 특성을 분석하였다. 또한 Surge에 의한 Normal mode 잡음과 Ground 잡음전류에 의한 Common mode spike 잡음의 원인을 분석하고 그 대책을 강구하였으며 실제 스위칭 레귤레이터의 제작에 필요한 회로구성과 소자의 선정요건을 고찰하여 효율 82.6%, spike 잡음 10mvp-p 이내의 안정되고 특성이 우수한 레귤레이터를 설계하였다. The phase shift in PWM System due to the time delay in the switching elements has been studied. Employing the normal model, various performance characteristics of the converter for both continuous current operation and discontinuous current operation are compared. The normal mode noise generated by surge and common mode noise generated by ground noise current have been studied. To decrease the noise, several methods are introduced. Hardware circuits are built and in experimental measurements, it shows a high efficiency of 82.6% and low spike noise of 10mv p-p max.

디지탈 필타 설계에서 이동 평균법을 사용한 잡음제거 특성에 관한 연구

박규태,박명구,김연태 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1985 논문집 Vol.17 No.1

The smoothing method, which is one of the noisy signal processing techniques, is used in order to process the data corrupted with Gaussian White Noise using 5,7 and 9 size window functions. A simple convolution averaging, polynominal curve-fitting and adaptive smoothing methods are used for smoothing. The maximum size of the window function for the simple convolution averaging method is 7, which is about 1/3 of the total sequence, because of the obvious distortion to the original signal. The distortion characteristics of ploynominal curve-fitting method is better than that of the simple convolution averaging method even though the S/N ratio of it is degraded by 3.77 dB for the window size of 5 and 3.63dB for the window size of 9. It is found that the characteristics of filtering of adaptive smoothing method is the best for the 25 sequence data judging from distortion inducement.

이동량 보상 및 분류 벡터 양자화기

박규태,전중남,신태민,연창모 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1987 논문집 Vol.19 No.2

This study describes an interframe image coding method using motion compensated and classified vector quantization(MC-CVQ). In motion compensated vector quantization(MCVQ), it is very important to encode the significant block. Therefore, we propose the MC-CVQ which encodes the significant block in the motion compensated error image by the classified vector quantizer. We classify the significant blocks according to the positions of the significant vectors, and also classify the significant vectors into 15 classes according to the positions of the significant pels. The computer simulation shows that the signal-to-noise ratio and the average bits of MC-CVQ are 0.2-0.25 bits/pel and 35 to 37 dB, respectively.

부신피질 자극호르몬 단독결핍 1례

박경식,이승현,최석영,박태규,이동화,이찬우,정성복,이인규 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1997 계명의대학술지 Vol.16 No.3

부신피질 자극호르몬 단독결핍은 국내에서 7례만이 보고된 희귀 질환이며 병인 및 경과 등 아직 불분명한 측면이 많다. 이는 질환지체의 희귀성도 있지만 치료후 자연경과에 대한 장기적인 추적검사가 이루어진 경우가 드물기 때문이기도 하다. 저자들은 비특이적인 전신증상을 주소로 내원한 폐경기후의 56세 여자 환자에서 자가면역질환의 증거없이 고프로릭틴혈증을 보인 부신피질 자극호르몬 단독결핍 1례를 경험하고 1년간의 부신피질호르몬 대치요법후 추적검사를 실시하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Isolated ACTH deficiency is a rare disorder which shows secondary adrenal insufficiency with normal states of other pituitary hormones. A 56-year-old postmenopausal woman complaining general weakness and intermittent mental confusion presented negligible serum cortisol and ACTH level with hyperprolactinemia and mild hyponatremia. Rapid ACTH stimulation test did not show significant increase of serum cortisol level. Combined pituitary stimulation test showed negligible response of cortisol and ACTH, and slightly decreased response of prolactin and gonadotropin. But the responses of TSH and GH were normal. There was no evidence of organic pituitary of hypothalamic lesion in brain MRI and antithyroid autoantibody was not detected in serum. After receiving 12 months of glucocorticoid replacement therapy, she skipped the medicine for 3 weeks and we performed follow-up endocrinologic tests. Serum ACTH and cortisol level was also negligible and prolonged ACTH simulation test showed normal response of serum cortisol. CRF stimulation test showed no response of serum ACTH. Basal prolactin level was decreased to near normal and combined pituitary stimulation test showed normal response of prolactin with slightly blunted response of TSH and GH. We concluded that the case was nonautoimmune origined isolated ACTH deficiency which was accompanied by hyperprolactinemia and resultant deficiency of gonadotropin, so we report this case with review of literatures.

한국 민간경비업체의 마케팅전략개선방안

박준석,박규태 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 2004 武道硏究所誌 Vol.14 No.2

Korea's private security guard industry has made rapid progress since the early 1960s and has been realizing security and crime prevention around our lives since the 1980s. Despite its high quantitative growth and remarkable external progress compared with its short history, however, relatively few researches have been done on the area of qualitative growth, i.e. on ways of strengthening its competitiveness through diversification of security guard management enterprises. Private security is a high value-added industry whose high growth may be expected in future. Apart from its quantitative growth so far, aggressive market-oriented approaches and service marketing strategies through management system diversification for its qualitative growth are required for the industry. In order to realize this research goal, this study has been conducted by carrying out literature researches and analyses via interviews with some relevant people. As a result, the following ways of improving the service marketing of the private security guard industry have been suggested. First, differentiation and specialization are required for the product strategy segment. Differentiated and specialized guarding of facilities through excellent human resources are required. As for the guarding of machines, composite and digitalized products suitable for the characteristics of market segmentation need to be developed. Moreover, security guard companies should establish their own branded images, increase their market share by using their products and human resources, and adopt a brand superiority strategy. They need to develop new products suitable for the digital era. Research and development and investment should be continued in order to create new products. It is necessary to develop various and differentiated products after segmenting target markets for products. For the sake of the qualitative improvement of products (services), security guard companies need to strengthen cooperation between the relevant business and academic circles and their cooperative system with the police to improve their crisis management ability and keep their after-sales service and reward systems in best condition. Second, as for the price strategy segment, it is necessary to take into consideration the market structure where businesses are divided into large and small companies. Large companies need to find new overseas markets and offer expensive products (services) on the basis of their excellent material and human resources while small companies should gain price competitiveness by developing differentiated products (services) based on their business circumstances. They also need to enhance their price competitiveness through new products. They should reduce the relative importance of cost and develop new products proper to the business levels of respective companies to find new markets and gain price competitiveness. The money saved by reducing labor costs through outsourcing, etc. should be used for a new project or a price differentiation strategy. Third, as for the distribution strategy segment, security guard companies need to employ and train excellent human resources and establish a segmented indirect distribution network by expanding their dealership and sales agent networks. Brisk electronic commerce is necessary because of increasing Internet users. Electronic commerce makes it possible to provide support for the distribution networks of private security guard companies, which are centered around Seoul and surrounding areas, and to expect cost effectiveness related to security guard service performance due to expansion of sales agent networks on the part of small security guard companies. It is getting easier for Korean private security guard companies to advance abroad because many Korean companies of other business lines are making brisk inroads into overseas markets. They can expect synergies from selling new products developed in Korea to foreign countries or advancing abroad by setting up a joint venture with foreign companies. Fourth, as for the sales promotion strategy segment, sales people must specialize in their sales activity area since most private security guard companies pursue sales promotion activity focusing on sales people. Security guard companies should try to increase the efficiency of sales people s sales activity by employing and training excellent human resources, and positively adopting an ability-based annual salary system and an incentive system. They also need to use aggressive publicity and advertisement strategies through mass media to instill brand awareness in people so that they may be interested in buying products. Small companies must use a sales promotion strategy through the Internet in order to reduce costs. Advertising or publicizing products on the Internet makes it possible for them to provide services for their customers at low cost without the inconvenience of any limited time and space. They also can make direct product publicity and advertisements through events or mailing services. The Internet and electronic commerce are becoming more and more important as a means of business and will be a useful tool for securing future and potential customers.

일본신종교와 종말예언 : 오옴신리교와 아곤슈를 중심으로 Om Shinrikyo and agonshu

박규태 서울대학교 종교문제연구소 2002 종교와 문화 Vol.0 No.8

磁氣場내 초파리 集團의 發生率 變動과 選擇不利에 관한 遺傳的 硏究

朴殷圭,朴泰永,崔五木 圓光大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.28 No.2

本 硏究에서는 韓國 仙遊島 自然集團 野生型 초파리와 可視 突然變異型 黃色體小翅 초파리를 Helmholtz coils를 이용하여 만든 여러 가지 다른 磁氣場內의 集團에서 發生率 變動과 性的 選擇率을 調査하여 選擇不利에 관한 遺傳的 行動을 觀察하고자 實驗을 實施하여 아래와 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1.地球磁氣場內의 초파리 集團과 각각의 Helmholts coils裝置內 초파리 集團의 野生型 + 遺傳子의 頻度가 世代의 進行에 따라 增加하여 평형을 보여 주었다. 2.地球磁氣場內의 초파리集團과 各各의 Helmholts coils裝置內의 초파리 集團의 突然變異型 ym 遺傳子, y 遺傳子, m 遺傳子들의 頻度는 世代의 進行에 따라 減少하여 낮은 頻度의 평형을 보여 주었다. 3.초파리 集團의 發生率 變動은 地球磁氣場의 5培인 磁氣場內에서의 초파리 集團에서 3世代에 4.89%, 地球磁氣場이 消去된 곳에서의 초파리 集團에서 5世代에 12.56%로 큰 變動을 보여주었으며 相異한 磁氣場內 초파리 集團의 全體平均 發生率은 地球磁氣場內의 초파리 集團, Helmholtz coils 裝置를 이용하여 地球磁氣場이 消去된 곳에서의 초파리 集團, 地球磁氣場의 3培인 磁氣場內에서의 초파리 集團, 地球磁氣場의 5培인 磁氣場內에서의 초파리 集團에서 各各 21.59%, 23.48%, 27.79%로 地球磁氣場內의 초파리 集團에서 發生率이 增加함을 보여주었다. 4.+遺傳子를 운반한 染色體의 選擇率은 10世代까지 平均 頻度가 地球磁氣場 內의 초파리 集團, 地球磁氣場이 消去된 곳에서의 초파리 集團, 地球磁氣場의 3培인 磁氣場內에서의 초파리 集團, 地球磁氣場의 5培인 磁氣場內에서의 초파리 集團이 各各 66.11%, 61.05%, 66.12%, 66.18%로 觀察되었다. 이 結果는 地球磁氣場이 消去된 곳에서의 초파리 集團에서 가장 강한 選擇不利를 보여주었다. 5.突然變異型 ym遺傳子를 운반한 染色體의 選擇率은 各各의 조절된 磁氣場內의 초파리 集團에서 2.81%, 4.99%, 2.12%, 2.82%로 觀察되었다. 이 結果는 地球磁氣場의 3培인 磁氣場內에서의 초파리 集團에서 2.12로 相對的으로 강하게 選擇不利를 보여주었고 地球磁氣場이 消去된 곳에서의 초파리 集團에서 4.99%로 選擇不利가 가장 약하게 작용된 結果를 보여 주었다. 6.突然變異型 y遺傳子를 운반한 染色體의 選擇率은 各各의 조절된 磁氣場內의 초파리集團에서 3.73%, 3.54%, 2.57%, 2.37%로 觀察되었다. 이 結果는 地球磁氣場의 5培인 磁氣場內에서의 초파리 集團에서 더 높은 選擇不利를 보여 주었다. 7.突然變異型 m遺傳子를 운반한 染色體의 選擇率은 各各의 조절된 磁氣場內의 초파리 集團에서 3.31%, 5.66%, 4.20%, 3.87%로 觀察되었다. 이 結果는 地球磁氣場內의 초파리 集團에서 3.31%로 相對的인 강한 選擇不利를 보여 주었고 地球磁氣場이 消去된 곳에서의 초파리 集團에서 5.66%로 가장 약한 選擇不利를 보여주었다. 8.Duncan's multiple range test의 LSD값으로 有意差異 有無 檢定을 하였던 바 野生型의 A group과 突然變異型의 B group사이에 고도의 有意差異가 있음이 밝혀졌다. 9.本 實驗結果는 地球磁氣場과 여러 가지 다른 磁氣場內의 초파리 集團에서 덜 適應된 초파리로 하여금 실로 짧은 기간에 도태될 수 있게 하는 강력한 性的選擇의 예가 되는 것으로 思料된다. To elucidate the genetic behavior of selective disadventage among visible mutants of Drosophila melanogaster bred and kept by the genetic study laboratory room, Wonkwang University and the wild type collected at Sunyoudo island, and reared under the influence of four different strength of magnetic fields, i.e. the ambient, the without, the treble and the quintuple magnetic field, this study was carried out at the above indicated laboratory room. 1.The shown was that the whole mean emergence rates of the wild type Drosophila melanogaster carrying +gene - bearing chromosome was steadily increased by generation passage finally attained equilibrium, until 10th generation, under the influence of ambient and 3 different magnetic fields generated by Helmholtz coils. 2.Of the Drosophila melanogaster populations either bred in the ambient magnetic field or the magnetic fields of three different strength controlled by Helmholtz coils, the emerhence rates of mutants such as ym gene, y gene and m gene-bearing individuals were decreased with generation passage up to the tenth and also shown the equilibrium of being frequency. 3.The variations of emergence rates of Drosophila melanogaster population altering by generation showed the drastic lowest values at the specified generation, for example, 12.56% under the without magnetic field at the fifth genertion and 4.89% under the quintule magnetic field at the third gereration. The Over-all mean emergence rates of Drosophila melanogaster populations reared in controlled magnetic fields, i.e. the ambient and the without, the treble and the quintuple using Helmholtz coils, showed 21.59%, 23.48%, 27.79% and 27.14% respectively. Referring to these data, the fly population raised in the ambient magnetic field showed a relatively lower emergence rate than any one of the other three populations. 4.The mean selective frequencies of +gene-carrying chromosome up to tenth generation, affected by four different magnetic fields, showed 66.11%, 61.05%, 66.12% and 66.18% with the magnetic field strength as mentioned order before. The data explains that Drosophila melanogaster population reared in the without magnetic field showed the highest selective disadventage. 5.The selective frequencies of the individual of ym gene-bearing chromosomes showed 2.81%, 4.99%, 2.12% and 2.82% by the same order of magnetic field strength indicated above. It was shown that the fly population reared at the treble strength generated by Helmholtz coils cleared the relatively strong selective disadvantage being 2.12%, however the opposite value was 4.99% resulted form the without magnetic field. 6.The selective frequencies of the mutant which carries y gene-bearing chromosome showed 3.73%, 3.54%, 2.57% and 2.37% from the four different magnetic fields in the same magnetic order. The results indicate that the fly population form the quintuple magnetic field showed the higher selective disadvantage frequency, 2.37%. 7.The selective frequencies for the mutants carrying m gene-bearing chromosome were calculated as to be 3.31%, 5.66%, 4.20% and 3.87% for the same order of magnetic field strength. The found from this results is that the selective disadvantage frequency for the mutant rearing ym gene chromosome in the ambient magnetic field was stronger than any one of the other, being 3.31%, however the opposite value was resulted from the without magnetic field 5.66%. 8.Through Duncan's multiple range test and LSD value, the highly significant differences between the wild type and any one of the other three mutants were calculated. 9.As the conclusion obtainable from this experiments, the results indicated that such sexual selection was strong enough to eliminate the less "fit" flies bred under the magnetic field impact in a remarkably short span of time, even for the period of tenth generation is not long enough.

초미세 위치결정시스템을 이용한 실리콘 웨이퍼의 파괴거동에 관한 연구

박기태,이병룡,박규열,홍동표 韓國工作機械學會 2000 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The background of this study lies in the investigation of the formation mechanism of ductile mode(nanometer-size) chips of bristle materials such as fine ceramics, glass and silicon. As the first step to achieve this purpose, this paper intends to observe the micro-deformation behavior of these materials in sub ㎛ depth indentation tests using a diamond indentor. In this study, it was developed Ultra-Micro Indentation Device using the PZT actuator. Experimentally, by using the Ultra-Micro Indentation device, the micro fracture behavior of the silicon wafer was investigated. It was possible that ductile-brittle transition point in ultimate surface of brittle material can be detected by adding an acoustic emission sensor system to the 'Ultra-Micro Indentation apparatus.