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이재훈,김형국,조경연,임동욱,민형복 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 論文集 Vol.48 No.2
Since testing of digital circuit is becoming increasingly important, many methodologies have been introduced to enhance design for testability (DFT). DFT was taken into account in the automated test procedure and improved reliability of the design. Both tasks are well suited for scan rule checker. This paper presents a scan rule checker for gate level digital circuits. The scan rule checker deals with basic rule check, basic scan rule check, muxed scan rule check, clocked scan rule check and lssd. Scan design informations were represented in the configuration file and libraries were modeled for the scan rule checker. It is an efficient way for the design for testability methodology.
배인국,장영남,채수천,류경원,최상훈 한국광물학회 2003 광물과 암석 (J.Miner.Soc.Korea) Vol.16 No.2
삼팔면체형의 스멕타이트계 사포나이트(saponite)를 천연 광물질인 활석을 이용하여 수열법에 의해 합성하였다. 출발물질은 활석에 Na₂CO₃를 첨가하여 공기중에서 800℃로 가열한 후, 화학양론적 조성에 맞게 Al(No₃)₃·9H₂O 및 Mg(No₃)₂·6H₂O 금속염 수용액을 첨가하였고, pH는 7∼12 범위 내로 NH₄OH 수용액에 의해 조절하여 제조하였다. 수열반응 조건은 약 1리터의 수열반응 용기에서 230 ℃, 압력은 25∼75 kgf/㎠의 범위 내에서 10∼60시간이었다. 실험결과, 반응온도 및 회전속도를 230℃와 180 rpm으로 고정시킨 수열조건 하에서 반응시간, 반응압력, pH 조건을 각각 40시간, 25 kgf/㎠, 약 10으로 하였을 때, 그리고, 화학조성을 화학양론적 조성에 필요한 Na₂O의 양보다 200% 과량 추가하였을 때, 양호한 사포나이트가 합성되었다. 또한 압력을 75 kgf/㎠까지 증가시켜도 결정도에 미치는 영향은 미미하였으며, 반응시간이 길수록 더 좋은 결정도를 나타냈다. Saponite was synthesized from talc by hydrothermal method. The starting material was prepared by adding Al(N0₃)₃·9H₂0 and Mg(N₃)₂·6H₂O solution to the talc powder, which was previously activated in air at 800℃ together with Na₂C0₃. The alkalinity of the solution was controlled by NH₄0H solution. The autoclaving was carried out in the closed stainless steel vessel (about 1 liter) for 40 hours under the pressure of 25 ㎏f/㎠ at 230℃. The characterization of the reaction product shows that saponite was crystallized successfully. After the experimental results, pressure was not sensitive parameter in the range of 25-75 ㎏f/㎠, but longer reaction time results in better crystallinity.
문철웅,정종훈,박천국,이승일,배학연,장경식,김만우,정춘해,홍순표,이병래,김호중 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1993 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.18 No.1
Renal ischemia is one of the most common causes of acute renal failure. Four factors related to the pathogenesis of acute renal failure are vasoconstriction, decreased glomerular filtration rate, tubular back leak of filtrate, and intratubular obstruction. The cellular response to renal ischemic insults include decreased content of adenosine trihosphate, lipid peroxidation induced membrane degradation, alteration in cellular pH, and calcium or phospholipase induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Much attention has been given to the role of increased cellular calcium as a pathogenetic contributor to cell injury during ischemia. Author studied the protective effects of calcium antagonists on cellular injury during renal ischemia in rat. To investigate the protective role of these agents, author measured the amount of malondialdehyde(MDA) and the enzyme activities of free radical scarvengers-superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase from non-pretreated group and calcium antagonists pretreated groups in control, ischemia and reflow subgroups. The results were summerized as follows: 1) The amount of MDA in non-pretreated group was higher in the reflow compared with the control(<p<0.01). But, in all pretreated groups, there was no statistically difference in the amount of MDA. 2) The SOD activity in non-pretreated group was lower in both the ischemia and the reflow compared with the control (P<0.05). But, in both verapamil and trifluoperazine-pretreated groups, there was no statistically difference in the SOD activity. 3) Both catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in non-pretreated group were lower in both the ischemia and the reflow compared with the control (P<0.05). But in all pretreated groups, there was no statically difference in both catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities. These results suggest that free radical mediated ischemic injury by renal artery clamp in rat can be protected by intraperitoneal pretreatment with calcium antagonists. As trifluoperazine has a protective effect in renal ischemia, the calcium activated calmodulin dependent enzyme may play a role in renal ischemic injury.
Peroxiredoxin V selectively regulates IL-6 production by modulating the Jak2–Stat5 pathway
Choi, Hoon-In,Chung, Kyoung-Jin,Yang, Hee-Young,Ren, Lina,Sohn, Sungoh,Kim, Poo-Reun,Kook, Min-Suk,Choy, Hyon E.,Lee, Tae-Hoon Elsevier 2013 FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE Vol.65 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Mammalian peroxiredoxin V (PrdxV) is a multifunctional protein that protects cells from DNA damage and inhibits stress-induced apoptosis. However, PrdxV is also known to be involved in modulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced host cell signaling, but its precise role is not fully understood. In this study, we used stably transfected RAW264.7 cells and transiently transfected 293-mTLR4-MD2-CD14 cells expressing wild-type (WT) or mutant (C48S) PrdxV to characterize the function and mechanism of action of PrdxV in LPS-induced immune responses. We found that PrdxV selectively reduces production of interleukin 6 (IL-6) by inhibiting activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (Stat5) through interaction with Jak2. Notably, this activity of PrdxV was dependent on its catalytic Cys48 residue, but not its peroxidase activity. The binding of to Jak2 effectively inhibited Jak2 phosphorylation, but PrdxV did not act as efficiently as SOCS1 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 1). Our results suggest that PrdxV is a key mediator contributing to the regulation of LPS/TLR4-induced immune responses.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Cytosolic PrdxV is up-regulated in LPS-stimulated macrophages. </LI> <LI> PrdxV regulates IL-6 production in a catalytic Cys48-dependent manner. </LI> <LI> PrdxV modulates the activation of the Jak2–Stat5 signal cascades. </LI> <LI> PrdxV interacts with Jak2 via catalytic Cys48. </LI> </UL> </P>
Summary of Korean Asthma Guideline
( Chin Kook Rhee ),( Ji Yong Moon ),( Hyonsoo Joo ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Jung-kyu Lee ),( Kyung Hoon Min ),( Hyeon-kyoung Koo ),( Seong Yong Lim ),( Hyoung Kyu Yoon ),( Sang Yeub Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2023 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.86 No.3
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that is characterized by variable airflow obstruction. The Korean Asthma Study Group of the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases has recently updated the Korean Asthma Guideline. This review summarizes the updated Korean Asthma Guideline. Asthma prevalence is increasing worldwide, and in Korea. Variable airflow obstruction can be confirmed by bronchodilator response or other tests, and should be established prior to the controller medication. A low-dose inhaled corticosteroid-formoterol is used to alleviate symptoms in all treatment step, and it can be used as a controller as well as reliever in steps 3-5. This approach is preferred, because it reduces the risk of severe exacerbations, compared to the use of short-acting β2-agonist as reliever. In severe asthma, phenotype/ endotype based on the underlying inflammation should be evaluated. For type 2 severe asthma, the biologics should be considered.
Rhee, Kyoung Hoon,Han, Hye Seung,Lee, Sun-Young,Seo, Tae Ho,Ko, Soon-Young,Kim, Byung Kook,Sung, In-Kyung,Jin, Choon-Jo,Min, Young Il Blackwell Publishing Asia 2010 Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology Vol.25 No.2
<P>Abstract</P><P>Background and Aims: </P><P>It is difficult to approach certain gastric regions due to the limited bending ability of transnasal esophagogastroduodenoscopy (TN-EGD). We analyzed the TN-EGD biopsied specimens according to where they were obtained inside the stomach.</P><P>Methods: </P><P>Two hundred and eighty-nine gastric biopsy specimens were obtained during diagnostic TN-EGD. The gastric biopsied specimens were quantified according to their diameter and depth in micrometers, and depth in layers (superficial mucosa, deep mucosa, muscularis mucosa and submucosa). The quality was measured by the degrees of anatomical orientation (good, intermediate and poor), presence of crush artifact (none to minimal, mild and moderate) and overall diagnostic adequacy (adequate, suboptimal and inadequate).</P><P>Results: </P><P>Poor orientation, presence of crush and overall diagnostic inadequacy were present in 33 (11.4%), 26 (9.0%) and 37 (12.8%) of the 289 specimens, respectively. Deep mucosa was present in 211 specimens (73.0%), while muscularis mucosa was present in only 75 specimens (26.0%). Specimens taken from the posterior aspect of the cardia exhibited the shallowest depth (<I>P</I> = 0.011), poorest orientation (<I>P</I> < 0.001) and poorest diagnostic adequacy (<I>P</I> < 0.001). Fluoroscopic findings demonstrated that the posterior aspect of the cardia was difficult to approach closely and perpendicularly because of the anatomical configuration of the stomach in nature.</P><P>Conclusion: </P><P>TN-EGD biopsied specimens obtained from the posterior aspect of the cardia exhibit limitations in both quality and quantity. When performing a biopsy using two directional TN-EGD, special attention should be paid to gastric lesions located on the posterior aspect of the cardia.</P>
Resveratrol Induces Apoptosis of KB Human Oral Cancer Cells
( Seong Hoon Kim ),( Heung Joong Kim ),( Myoung Hwa Lee ),( Sun Kyoung Yu ),( Chun Sung Kim ),( Joong Ki Kook ),( Hong Sung Chun ),( Eu Teum Park ),( Sook Young Lee ),( Su Gwan Kim ),( Hye Ryun Kim ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.6
Resveratrol (trans-3,4`,5,-trihydroxystilbene), a phytoalexin present in grape skin and red wine, suppresses many types of cancers by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis through a variety of mechanisms. However, the effects of resveratrol on oral cancer are not completely understood. Thus, effects of resveratrol on cell growth and apoptosis induction were examined by 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, DNA fragmentation, immunoblotting, and determination of caspase activation in KB human oral cancer cells. Treatment with resveratrol induced inhibition of cell growth depending on the resveratrol treatment time and concentration in KB cells. Treatment with resveratrol induced DNA ladder formation in KB cells and promoted proteolytic cleavage of procaspase-3 and procaspase-7 with increases in the amount of cleaved caspases-3 and -7. Proteolytic processing of caspase-9 in KB cells was increased by resveratrol treatment. Activation of caspase-3/-7 was detected in living KB cells by fluorescence microscopy. These results suggest that the resveratrol can suppress cell growth and induce cell apoptosis in KB human oral cancer cells, and may have potential as an anti-cancer drug.