Valsartan regulates TGF-b/Smads and TGF-b/p38 pathways through lncRNA CHRF to improve doxorubicin-induced heart failure

Lei Chen,Kui-Po Yan,Xin-Can Liu,Wei Wang,Chao Li,Ming Li,Chun-Guang Qiu 대한약학회 2018 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.41 No.1

This study investigated the interaction amongvalsartan (VAL), TGF-b pathways, and long non-codingRNA (lncRNA) cardiac hypertrophy-related factor (CHRF)in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced heart failure (HF), andexplored their roles in DOX-induced HF progression. HFmice models in vivo were constructed by DOX induction. The expression of CHRF and TGF-b1 in hearts wasdetected, along with cardiac function, caspase-3 activity,and cell apoptosis. Primary myocardial cells were pretreatedwith VAL, followed by DOX induction in vitro forfunctional studies, including the detection of cell apoptosiswith terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-endlabeling and the expression of proteins associated withTGF-b1 pathways. HF models were established in vivo andin vitro. Expression of CHRF and TGF-b1 was up-regulated,and cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity wereincreased in the hearts and cells of the HF models. VALsupplementation alleviated the cardiac dysfunction andinjury in the HF process. Moreover, overexpressed CHRFup-regulated TGF-b1, promoted myocardial cell apoptosis,and reversed VAL’s cardiac protective effect, while interferenceof CHRF (si-CHRF) did the opposite. Down-regulationof CHRF reversed the increased expression of TGFb1and the downstream proteins induced by pcDNA-TGFb1in HL-1 cells, while overexpression of CHRF reversedthe VAL’s cardiac protective effect in vivo. In conclusion,VAL regulates TGF-b pathways through lncRNA CHRF toimprove DOX-induced HF.

Targeted inhibition of tumor-derived exosomes as a novel therapeutic option for cancer

Li Ye,Chen Zhuo-Kun,Duan Xu,Zhang He-Jing,Xiao Bo-Lin,Wang Kui-Ming,Chen Gang 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Mounting evidence indicates that tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) play critical roles in tumor development and progression by regulating components in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Moreover, due to their delivery of critical molecules that react to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, TDEs also contribute to tumor drug resistance and impede the effective response of antitumor immunotherapy, thereby leading to poor clinical outcomes. There is a pressing need for the inhibition or removal of TDEs to facilitate the treatment and prognosis of cancer patients. Here, in the present review, we systematically overviewed the current strategies for TDE inhibition and clearance, providing novel insights for future tumor interventions in translational medicine. Moreover, existing challenges and potential prospects for TDE-targeted cancer therapy are also discussed to bridge the gaps between progress and promising applications.

Aromatic Compounds from the Halotolerant Fungal Strain of Wallemia sebi PXP-89 in a Hypersaline Medium

Xiao-Ping Peng,Wei-Ming Zhu,Yi Wang,Pei-Pei Liu,Kui Hong,Hao Chen,Xia Yin 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.6

A new cyclopentanopyridine alkaloid, 3-hydroxy-5-methyl-5,6-dihydro-7H-cyclopenta[b]pyridin-7-one (1), together with 11 known aromatic compounds were isolated from the secondary metabolites of the halotolerant fungal strain Wallemia sebi PXP-89 in 10% NaCl. Their structures including the absolute configurations of (2S,3S)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane-2,3-diol (2), (2R,3S)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane-2,3-diol (3), and (S)-3-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-one (4) were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and a modified Mosher’s method. Compound 1 exhibited antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes with a MIC of 76.7 μM. The absolute configurations of compounds 2-4 were determined for the first time.

Two new triterpenoid saponins derived from the leaves of Panax ginseng and their antiinflammatory activity

Li, Fu,Cao, Yufeng,Luo, Yanyan,Liu, Tingwu,Yan, Guilong,Chen, Liang,Ji, Lilian,Wang, Lun,Chen, Bin,Yaseen, Aftab,Khan, Ashfaq A.,Zhang, Guolin,Jiang, Yunyao,Liu, Jianxun,Wang, Gongcheng,Wang, Ming-Kui The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.4

Background: The leaves and roots of Panax ginseng are rich in ginsenosides. However, the chemical compositions of the leaves and roots of P. ginseng differ, resulting in different medicinal functions. In recent years, the aerial parts of members of the Panax genus have received great attention from natural product chemists as producers of bioactive ginsenosides. The aim of this study was the isolation and structural elucidation of novel, minor ginsenosides in the leaves of P. ginseng and evaluation of their antiinflammatory activity in vitro. Methods: Various chromatographic techniques were applied to obtain pure individual compounds, and their structures were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution mass spectrometry, as well as chemical methods. The antiinflammatory effect of the new compounds was evaluated on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Results and conclusions: Two novel, minor triterpenoid saponins, ginsenoside $LS_1$ (1) and 5,6-didehydroginsenoside $Rg_3$ (2), were isolated from the leaves of P. ginseng. The isolated compounds 1 and 2 were assayed for their inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and Compound 2 showed a significant inhibitory effect with $IC_{50}$ of $37.38{\mu}M$ compared with that of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine ($IC_{50}=90.76{\mu}M$). Moreover, Compound 2 significantly decreased secretion of cytokines such as prostaglandin $E_2$ and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$. In addition, Compound 2 significantly suppressed protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. These results suggested that Compound 2 could be used as a valuable candidate for medicinal use or functional food, and the mechanism is warranted for further exploration.

Two new triterpenoid saponins derived from the leaves of Panax ginseng and their antiinflammatory activity

Fuli Li,Yufeng Cao,Tingwu Liu,Guilong Yan,Liang Chen,Lilian Ji,Lun Wang,Bin Chen,Aftab Yaseen,Ashfaq A. Khan,Guo-Lin Zhang,Yunyao Jiang,Jianxun Liu,Gongcheng Wang,Ming-Kui Wang,Weicheng Hu 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.4

Background: The leaves and roots of Panax ginseng are rich in ginsenosides. However, the chemical compositionsof the leaves and roots of P. ginseng differ, resulting in different medicinal functions. In recent years,the aerial parts of members of the Panax genus have received great attention fromnatural product chemistsas producers of bioactive ginsenosides. The aim of this study was the isolation and structural elucidation ofnovel, minor ginsenosides in the leaves of P. ginseng and evaluation of their antiinflammatory activity in vitro. Methods: Various chromatographic techniques were applied to obtain pure individual compounds, andtheir structures were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution mass spectrometry,as well as chemical methods. The antiinflammatory effect of the new compounds was evaluated onlipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Results and conclusions: Two novel, minor triterpenoid saponins, ginsenoside LS1 (1) and 5,6-didehydroginsenoside Rg3 (2), were isolated from the leaves of P. ginseng. The isolated compounds 1and 2 were assayed for their inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7cells, and Compound 2 showed a significant inhibitory effect with IC50 of 37.38 mM compared with that ofNG-monomethyl-L-arginine (IC50 ¼ 90.76 mM). Moreover, Compound 2 significantly decreased secretionof cytokines such as prostaglandin E2 and tumor necrosis factor-a. In addition, Compound 2 significantlysuppressed protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. These resultssuggested that Compound 2 could be used as a valuable candidate for medicinal use or functional food,and the mechanism is warranted for further exploration.

Electron-Electron Interactions in a Two-Dimensional Electron Systemin an Al0.15Ga0.85N/GaN Heterostructure Grown on p-Type Si

Jian-Zhe Huang,Li-Hung Lin,Chin-An Chang,Chi-Te Liang,Kuang Yao Chen,Kui-Ming Chen,N. C. Chen,P. H. Chang,Shiou-Shian Han,Zhi-Hao Sun 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.3

We report on experimental studies of an Al$_{0.15}$Ga$_{0.85}$N/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor structure grown on a $p$-type Si (111) substrate. This structure is compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology and, thus, has great potential device applications. The low-temperature magnetoresistivity shows a parabolic dependence on the applied perpendicular magnetic field. This effect is ascribed to electron-electron interaction (EEI) effects in a weakly-disordered two-dimensional system. Our experimental results agree with the EEI theory when the correction term in the ballistic region has been subtracted.